Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II ( A Wn-65020 _ Grays Ilarb or, \’fn. Ditch to be blasted'along the brush line. Photo Therone I. Paris July 28, 1943 Wn-65021 Grays Harbor, Washington Blasting ditch - Time 3 hrs - 4 persons (12 man hours) Ditch 375 it - used 5 boxes 50^. The opening of this ditch iTill give a minimum of 40 additional animal months of pasture on 20 acres drained by it. It will also serve a neighbor who helped in doing the work. Photo By: Therone I. Paris i 8-27-43 Wn -65022 Grays Harbor, Wn. View of ditch which has been dug Td-th pov'/der. Note small berms and even depth and uniform bank slope, photo 3y; Therone I. Paris 8-31-43 A-Ida-1 Robinson Park Dam. northeast of Moscow, silting dam in upper right background. Idaho on Project area. Note de- 4-7 A-Ida-15,001 Low oblique of contour furrows on flood control program watershed surrounding city of Pocatello, Idaho. A-Ida-15,002 City of Pocatello, Idaho (area being protected by flood control program). "^4-(o A-IDA-20,002. Squaxv Greek Project, Idaho. Range lands really ’’going”. Much of area practically bare of adequate protective grass cover, result is the dissection that is evident in pictvire. A-Ida-20,009 Contour furrov^s on range land southwest of Iforseshoe Bend, Idaho. ■^ 4-2 A-Ida-20010 9-13-37 Contour furrows constrxcted on overgrazed range land 15 miles south¬ east of Emmett, Gem County, Idaho, and tivo miles east of Siveet, Idaho. Land owned by Sweet Clover Land Ccmpany. These furrows serve to hold the moisture on these soni-arid lands and thus aid in the restabiliza¬ tion of a grazing area, Furrcsrs were installed vfith a terraoer and reversible plovf, then finished by CCC hand labor xmder supervision of SCS. A-Ida-25,004 9-12-37 Hiotograph No, 3 of a series of overlapping obliques of the watershed east of the city of Boise, Idaho. These photographs were taken at the request of the Idaho State Coordinator, SCS, for distribution to field parties in order that a preliminary survey of a particular area could be made before the parties actually went into the field. A-Iiia-25017 Povrer County 9-18-35. View, taken looking downstream, of faming, grazing, aM general topography of Clifton Creek drainage. Sec. 30, T. 9S, R.34E. /a 270705 September, 1931 Although urrier Federal management for 30 years, too mar^r livestock have destroyed most of the original plant cover and induced serious erosion conditions. Boise National Forest, Idaho . Photo by F. Q. Renner. i 08612 Tifhite Pine Soil Conservation District, East-Central,Nevada. 1943. 5 ,628,800 acres. e C-8613 IShite Pine Soil Conservation District, East-central Nevada 12” metal pipe line 1 mile long. W. S. Hacket ranch. , c. *^'•^'35,007. Oregon. EROSION CONTROL - Wind Control. Photograph showing a catch fence on the ri^t and sand-stilling fences to preserve partially vegetated area. The catch fence shown here is also serving to build up a wind gap in the second dune. C^c ^ tL Ore-35»017* Oregon, EEDSIOK - mnd. Looking north along a newly forndng fore dune on the Emily Waterhouse place* Tli® line of sand encroachmenb in the Sea I^one grass can be seen. In the fall the top of the dune was as thickly covered as the back slope. Winds during the past winter raised the dxaae from six to twelve inches. This new fore dune has alreacty attained sufficient height to afford pro¬ tection to the back areas during ordinary years, ^ril 2, 1956. 0re-S5,040 Clatsop Cotintir, Oregon A comparison of Holland grass and willow plantings. Holland grass. 6-15-36 Note sand ‘building about Ore-35#035* Oregon* EROSION - vand. Sand moveiient from unprotected beach area and rapidly destroying valmble property. encroaching upon summer cottages Clatsop County, 6 / 15 / 36 , jQJLccii. c Ore-35,075 Clatsop County, Oregon 7-30-37 A view of the observational grass nursery on bare sand, Astoria Hursery tfeit. late and rate of planting, spacing trials and effect of fertilizers are being tested to detemine management for production of sand-stilling grasses. Two h\indred ei^ty one-fortieth-acre field plantings are shown. Bifferences in responses to management and treatment can plainly be seen. C Cer4.CS-’'-._cA ^ Ore-35,107 Clatsop County, Oregon 10-7-37 Two-year old plantings of Holland grass ( Ammophila arenaria ) on land owned ty State of Oregon Military Bepartment. llote catchment of sand drift and thrift of the Holland grass as well as heginning of Invasion of sand verbena ( Ahronia latifolia spp.) yOjlU.c!l. £.-nc> (ov/ieft) 0RE*450O9* Yamhill County, Oregon; March 12, 1937. Looking up 30^ slope in prune orchard. Incipient gullying on Dundee Red Hills soil shows the need for erosion control practices probably including cover crop supplemented with terraces. 0EE-4&O07. Yamhill County, Oregon; March 12, 1937, Roadside inundation of Dundee Red Hills soil deposited from incipient gully run-off shown in photographs 0RE-45008 and ORE—45009. The culvert in the lower left foreground is shown one-half silted full csurried from excess r\m—off prune orchard below the roadbed and deposited a heavy concentration of topsoil in brush and timber on the left-hand side of the road. Silt deposit is about 20 inches. ,Ore-40112 Oregon G. F. Sturdevant, left, recoiris the water content on the Seven Lakes snovf course, as R. W. Childreth, right reads the figures from the scale. Photo By: Jack James 19a I Ore-35189 ™ • ’ ' We'gm. ~ This ditch Y^as constructed to improve the drainage along the lower Little Nestucca river. The soil'is largely Clatsop silt;.- clay loam, with occassional patches of peat. It.-is in Land Capability III due to the difficulty of maintaining adequate drainage. Conpletion of this job will require removal of brush and tussocks and seeding to ijlproved pasture grasses. Photo E^! liagnus 11-42 6-44 - Pullmaci, Washington ~ EROSION - Sheet Sheet erosion on Palouse silt loam. This land lost at least 50 tons of soil to the acre. It -was svunmer-fallowed in 1933 and left unpro¬ tected against the forces of erosion during the winter. The clay- hilltop absorbed little water and a heavy run-off -was responsible for the severe erosion on the slope, C, j. Bower farm, near Moscow, Idaho. January 30, 1934 c ) 6-67 - Pullman, Washington ERDSIOU - Gully Gully erosion two miles above Morengo Wash, The field <xi -Bhich the gullies are now seen was once tinder cultivation but necessarily abandoned. The run-off and sheet erosion from lands above this field have started and developed the gullies shown, February 2, 1934. AlJU^JU °l 7 6-78 - Pullman, Washington EROSION - Sheet Sheet erosion in the Patit Valley north and east of Dayton. Sheet erosion after summer-fallow erosion is starting real gullies. Tremendous soil losses occurred from this unpro¬ tected summer-fallow during the present winter. Note -that harrowing operations have already been begun in the upper part of the field but have failed to completely obliterate the evidences of erosion. February 3, 1934, 6-94 - Pullman, Washington EROSION - Soil Slip On Rosooe Cox farm north of Pullman, Whitman County, Washington. This is 42 inches deep, and 50 feet in diameter. It went out on December 22, 1933. 63^ northeast slope. Such land should be seeded to permanent vegetation. February 3, 1934 - l3 4^'^ Mc’-- 6 - 117 * l/lfeishington, EROSIOH - Sheet. Soil slip on Ben Druffel farm, i/dhitman County, ®b,shingfcon. This soil slipped out during the month of December* The slope gradient was be— tvfeen 50 ^ percent* Such slips should be seeded to permanent vegetation* ^20M* yOJL^dL. 6-242 - Pullman, Washington EROSICH - Sheet Erosion on a bean fhrm south of Troy, Idaho. Rows running up and doTOi hill greatly aggravate soil losses. 6-436 - Washington, EROSIOU CCHTSOL - Stilp Cropping. Close up of field shown in 6-442, These strips were width wide with SES drill, was taken, July 19, 1934. The seeding iwas fini^ed A. L, Hafenrichter, seeded one ten foot drill about a month before this IDS 6-442 - Washington. EROSIOKT CONTROL - Contour Cultivation, Strips of winter wheat seeded on the contour in a summer fallcw field on the Arthur Snow fam a mile and half south of Moscow. This method is effective in retarding the down wash of soil on moderate slope. July 19, 1934, A1 Hsifenrichter, P\- S3 Wa shi ngt ctn -6-550. Prichard place. Whitman county. September 1934. Log check dam in large gu].ly on Tom 6-719 - Washington, MCH INERT. Plowing with disk plow in heavy vdieat stubble, Fred Wexler farm. ' S' 3 6-745 - Pullman, Washington. EROSICJR - Gully, Serious gully (No, 9) on badly overgrazed range land near American Falls, Power County, Idaho, The gully at the bottom of the hill was over 20 ffe, deep, Hiis land was once covered by a good stand of bunch-grass* 9/29/34, 6-762 - Washingi^n. EROSIOH COHTEDL - Terraces. Terraces on a steep N hillside of the Leonard Btoto. farm. These terraces ■were made with an especially constructed trao'feor dra'wn gang plow and ■were finished 'with a grader* Trees ■will be planted in ■tiiese terraced channels. Se® 18 14 N R 46 E* Whi'tman Co. Oct. 5. 1954* A, L« Hafenrichter. ( C’Cr^.CrVe_^ J A ' / O 6 -758* Oi*egati. EROSIOH - Gully. Serious gullying on grazing land at Durkee, Ba3ser County, Oregon. This land oould all support an abundant bunohgrass cover. It has been iruined by overgrazing# October 2, 1951+* Photo by A. L. Hafenriohter* XLLcJU c 6 -112i4.» Oregon, EROSION CONTROL - Gully Control, A graded-in gully on the Wildhorse project near Athena, Ifciatllla Coimty, Oregon, Lovr check dams were placed in the gully before the grading work was done; the spring-tooth harrow was used to smooth down the ground. The seed bed will be prepared and the entire water course seeded to perennial grasses, March 23, 1935» 6-1494 - P*ullinan, l&shingtcai EROSIOU CONTROL - Grasses Use of typical hill and north slope seedings on Project #6. Hilltops are eroded badly and are submarginal for vheat pro¬ duction. Steep north slopes average more than 40^ slope gradient. Erosion from these lands is reducing the value of the lesser slopes lying adjacent to and below them. Steep lands such as shown have been dedicated to permanent seedings of alfalfa and grasses, TShen dedicated to this new use, erosion is adequately stopped and run-off is greatly reduced. This mixture of grass yielded approximately two tons of hay per acre. June 13, 1935 h3~^ Washii^ton. EROSION - Sheet, Upper slope is sunnuer-fallow and lower slope is vdieat stubble where ■vdieat was cut ;)ust a few days before rain of July 30* 1931* The erosion on the wheat stubble was slight except -Bhere the concentrated runoff from the summer fallow crossed the com at these points. The erosion was only a sur¬ face wash with much less depth than onilie summei'-fallow aboTe, TIJhitman County, August 1, 1951 • dLe^'2> -To h3'‘3h “ Washington The braiding in this picture is dark bare ground above and deposited over below, Palouse Wheat Belt, soil washed from accumulated snow A- WAJ- Washington. Ervin E. King farm. Under cooperative agreement. 'WN-28 Whitman Coimty 10-10-36 This picture shows sheet erosion on top of the hill, with silt deposits on frozen drift. The soil above and below the drift is thawed out. Four miles southwest of Pullman, Sec. 21, R.i).5E, T.liOJ. fZiJL^cksL- ^-2 / Wn-29« Washington* FAEMING, This picture shows winter -adieat stubble disk-tilled September 1936 with a John Deei^ 26" disk tiller, George Swales farm, 1^ M, North of Johnson, Whitman County, Washington, IO/IO/ 56 , WN-52. Washington, Heavy snowbank accumulation on a north slope on the Pacific Northwest Soil and Water Conseirvation Experiment Station, three miles north of Pullman, Washington, Note the spots of soil on top the snow which was blovm from clean cultivated field adjoining. Snowbank accumulation such as this is the direct cause of soil slips, 6-94, Washington, Soil Slip on Roscoe Cox farm north of inches deep and 50 feet in diameter, northeast slope. Such land should be R,45E, Pullman, Whitman County, Washington, This slip is 42 It went out on December 22, 1933, 63 per cent^ seeded to peruainent vegetation, NWg of Sec, 29, T,15N, WN-50, Washington, The effect of the control of snow drifting is apparent in this pictiu'e. The right-hand side of the photograph shows how the snow has been held within the planting and on top of the ridgej whereas the left side of the photograph, which is at the end of the planting, shows how the snow has drifted over on the Slope where it was not held back by the trees. An observation of this planting on March 16, 1937 showed that all of the snovir contained within the planting had entirely melted with very little indication of run-off; whereas the drifts formed adjacent to this planting erosion had resulted. In one instance a small soil slip was apparent directly belovir the drift. Another advantage of planting a hilltop to trees for the control of snow drifting is that the snow will be held in and adjacent to the planting and thereby melt much sooner than snow deposited on the north slopes. Snow being held late in the spring on north slopes prevents farming operations until all the snow has melted. Wn-66 IMtman County 6-4-37 7 strains of Agropyron spicatum b eing grown in the observational nursery at Pullman, Washington. Each these has proved to be a distinct "ecological strain" collected from the native vegetation of the Palouse climax prairie in Region 11. These strains differ in growth habit, relative develop¬ ment of the different stages in the life cycle, leafiness, width of leaf, date of maturity, seed production and habits, ground cover, and specific adaptation to different erosion problem areas in the Pacific Northwest. The fourth row from the left is being increased as especially desirable. (W-2617) Rows 147-153 Wn-60 T/'ihitinan County 5-31-37 4 ecological strains of Poa nevadensis grown in the Pullman Unit of the Soil Conseivation Nurseries at Pullman, Washington. 411 conditions uniform except location where selections were made from the native vegetation of the Pacific Northwest. This species is one of the more promising. Selection of ecological strains from the native vegetation is a promising field of work. Growing the strains in the observational bring out the differences shown here. 1-3/4 mi E of Pullman, Washington, ys// a r ^ e. :2 ^ 5/, j^ Wn-5007« Washington. FARMING. Field gully which is the result of con¬ tinuous summer-fallow-winter wheat farm¬ ing in the adjoining fields. C. J. Broughton farm, 1-^ miles north¬ east of Dayton, Golximbia County, Washi ngton . XXL^dHe. C - 7-S Wn-5027. Washington. EHDSION CONTROL - Gully Control. This is an after picture of Brou^ton Gully. The gully was sloped by hand labor and grader, then seeded to alfal¬ fa, grass, and locust trees. See before picture Wn-5007. One mile east of Dayton, Columbia County, Washington, 10/29/36. I (X ge ^ i- ^ 2.L o VJm- 10017. Washington, PAEJilKG. This field was fall chiseled. Chiseling is a rou^ tillage method designed to control nin-off and give better moisture penetration due to the incorporation of crop residues. No sign of run-off was apparent in this field after a three- inch rain which occurred in January, Compare this field with those shown in WN-10016 and WN-10018, dLa.- - / m -■} i Ji liirn-15050 Garfield County Winter Tsheat on straw-jaulch type of trashy fallow, is indicated. Compare isith ?/h-1505l» Mayview silt loam operator, 21 miles northeast of Pomeroy, Washington. 3-6-40 Practically no loss of soil Oscar Victor, owner- S/. c^e ^ ^ IS Ytar-lSOSl Garfield Gcmnty 3--6-40 Severe erosion due to lack of surface protection* Field plowed with moldboard plow following winter i/^eat crop. Summer fallowed in 1939 and planted to winter wheat. 8.3 tons per acre soil loss. Mayview silt loam. Roy Kimball, ovmer- operator, 21 miles northeast of Pomeroy, Washington. A-lNN-10,020 Walla Walla Cotiirby 7-16-37 Whirlwinds in finely-tilled summer fallow. This field is badly infested with morning glory. The weeding operations have pulverized the soil finely, aggravating wind erosion. Although fairly flat this land blows readily. Cornwall Estate operated by life. Vollmer, Walla Walla County, Washington. Wn-10,028. Washington# EHDSION CONTHDL - Gully Control. In tha foreground is shown a field of spring udieatj in the background a field of sununer-fallow. Note the gully which has been filled and seeded to a grass-alfalfa mixture. Delbert Barger farm, six miles east of Walla Walla, Walla Wa3>la County, Jime 18, 1936# yCL4-<-^cL<L €. I ^ A-M-35,005 6-14-37 Sheet erosion on north and east slopes seeded to sprirg iidieat. Foth* miles southwest of Waitsburg, Washington. OJ^dU € -97 A-lN-35,006 August 1937 Following the hai^est season, the farmer has vrorked this field by plowing in the gullies and leaving the loose soil in gully bottcms without seeding, or using any other method of control to prevent the wash of thds loose soil from his field. This photograph was taken five miles north of Central Ferry, Washington, and is a typfical example of the fam method used by many farmers in this area. ^ -9 g WN-35,007. ferch 3, 1936. Incipient gullyins: to plow sole and severe muddy inundation in a fine tilled summer fallowed field. Mellinger farm near Seltice Station, south of Tekoa, iiVhitman. county, Washington. Mr. Mellinger said that this field had been cultivated throughout 1lie siammer (in fact, seventy-two or seventy-five times) in an effort to control noxious weeds. The ground was therefore pulverized to a fine ashy condition before being seeded to witter wheat late in ttie fall. The entire broad hilltop to the right of the picture has intermittent clay outcrops. The ten or fifteen acre hilltop, even though relatively level, presented a network of anastomosing, tiny, clay-cut and ciay- filled channels. The larger incipient washes shown back center were cut frctn the run-off from this relatively level hilltop. Where drill rows ran up and down the slope, each disc track had been cut to plow sole. Mr. Mellinger is now starting a program of crop rotations over his 400-acre farm by dividing it into five or six fields and using a six*^year rotation involving Jregianes. A-i?m-3502i 3-2U-38 Davenpoirt-Wilbur proposed work area. Sheet and gully erosion on sloping agricultural lands. This erosion caused by rains and melting snow is increasing as the organic matter and fertility of the soil are lowered by erosion and cropping. Bluestem, Washington. Locations 5 miles northeast of ( eo-£ Cov/ 0 jLCxi^ £- 3 ( 0 "^ TiVM-35065* Kittitas County, Washingtonj May 21, 1936* Photograph showing results of overnight irrigation of peas on a 10% slope* The water did not remain evenly distributed all night* This was the first irrigation* M-3b064* Kittitas Countyj May 21, 1936* Erosion in irrigation furrows from irrigating peas. The silt deposit in a road barrow pit is shown in the immediate foreground* Sec* 9, T.16N, R.20E* Kittitas Comty, Washington* Yi?N-35096, Whatcom County, Washington; August 22, 1936. A view of the coniferous seed beds at the Bellingham, Washington, nursery. Section of Nurseries, Soil Conservation Service, Region 11. This photograph shows approximately 80% of the area devoted to seed beds in 1936. Note the over-head sprinkling system and the shade frames used to cover the seed beds. Approximately 12,000,000 seedlings are being produced in the beds shown. In tte background is the greenhouse, plant shelter, hot house, and seed house. /vJlx-dU c -37 Wn~35»100, Washington, CROPS - Crass, Picture showing a stasad. of native bunohgrass within the city limits of Spokane, Washington, The average height of this grass is about 18 inches, Spokane County# Rovember 5» 1936# Photo by J, G, James# yO-4-OciLe C Tli-SSjlSS Spokane Coxmty 4-13-37 Proper conservation methods on forest, range, and farm lands do much to sustaii the clear flow of water in streams and rivers, benefit wildlife, protect breeding places of fish and fowl, and increase recreational opportunities for mankind. Nine miles north of Spokane, Spokane Coutity, Tifeshington, e~‘=^o JE/v! ac. I'^cn ^ I (a f C' c /~e \aJ i''f~h I^A/- ¥n-35,274 Spokane County 10-21-39 portable sprinkler irrigation system for Ezra A. Eickmeyer, 5 miles south of Deer Park, Washington, installed under the Yfater Facilities program. He is shc^m here examining one of the 15 hammer-head sprinklers operating in his dry alfalfa field. Kis farmstead is seen in center background. (L«. 5/,w.s ’^133 CLor^ t=^ f\/ An <A/\/f^^^'^ v^/V- bSs.nr' Wn-35,295 Stevens County 9-20-39 Field seeded to fall ^'sheat wheat being irrigated by newly constructed border irrigation system, on Stephen H. Ross farm, six miles north of Chewelah. Mr, Ross is seen removing earthly material to permit an even distribution of flow over border strip. This is the first year that irrigation practices have been in operation on this field. Wn-35,275 Spokane County 10-21-39 Electric pumping unit for portable sprinkler irrigation system of Ezra A. Eickmeyer, Deer Park, Washington, installed under the mter facility program. The compact 5 H. P. "close- ctipld” centrifugal pump and electric motor unit capable of delivering 100 gallons per minute, is showi in center foreground and the control panel in upper left-hand corner. (2oi^pos,t~e i/f'fl-, (/vVy/- a Uj/^-SS^yuf. Wn-35,290 Stevens County 9-20-39 Stephen H. Ross, Cooperator, six miles north of Chewelah, lashington. Wooden flume for transporting -water from pipe system to irrigable lands seeded to fall -wheat and alfalfa with companion crop of smooth brome and crested wheat. This was installed under the Water Facilities program during the summer of 1939. S/icl^^ Wn-35,312 Sheet erosion highly contrasted by light snovrfall remaining on north slope of this svimmer fallow field. Several days of heavy rainfall had riddled this field to an average rill depth of 6 inches. YJhr-35,311 Ibitman County 2-14-40 Roadside silt deposition. Such deposits averaged 12 tons to mile along road between Moscow, Idaho and Spangle, Washington in the Spring of 1940. 1 mi N of Rosalia, Washington. ''5 c e A/r Wn-35,312 Sheet erosion hi^ly contrasted by light snotrfall remaining on north slope of this summer fallow field. Several days of heavy rainfall had idddled this field to an average rill depth of six inches. ✓ C-6o66, (Pardee 199} :•(». -(Pardee 199) : 1912 ■ '~'\Ji3^'''Z‘'f’’' .=»'■.■ MS’ "T Surface of OkknogaB Plateau west of 3uley s^^x^tai^oa alkaline poad# 1^* 31 N» R. 26 W, 14, CoiTlllft-ife6§S>* nation, fashingtol», Okanogaa County. Buncijgraaf pr^otic^ljy except for scattered Jiyiiaa ^assij^. , Sarfee, Sua?irey. ■*"* ' 1 ^ •• plat (pau west * 27ig,;f. M. Sec, X4/||^iiilie «asliingt<^, ¥itichgrass eife#-|;;f»r spattered ia$fli\iDa&^l'''feedli»«^/«Q ‘Mdly 'eta^i^azed ran^ O-L^ciL VEshingtdn, Oka&ofaa County* ‘s; . ’ :• Siacsial i^J^ldor Basalt plain. Virgin bundhgrass except fpr ■,?3Ebdii^'>^asing* si^liotogpaph ^aJc^i-ty 'J* T* Par^oo, of U» S* (Jeolbgio^ *tf^:'Surw*''*^il9 surv^it^ iQ,'tlils territory* •''■ ■:--^4!»'r''i. ,'•^v, ■■»,■ ■■■.., ciLua^ j:>-si (Itodea l&S)’. • , , ,, ■I'-isw'j..;®'' - ‘ .' ■- ‘ ^alX@y idit QoXvaSiik River near mou-tKiSof Ihitestone Ofeek, loolcing down |atr^ia|t<»^d'Eellgate Rapids. Bold odtcro|>s%f porpityry, Colville jEeservation#'^ Kotd stand of bimohgrass. ^-EliOtograpb; by J. T* Pardee, r"-' XUU^-cU G-»6079 (Pardee 142) M- G-luciai bowlder basalt lying on grand ®la^, miLe west of B^falo Lajs», ^;),yille!...RsiserTation., Pkanogaa. Cpt^aty, 7i^|n grass .eaicept^fot iadisa grastog*Pliotogra:^ by J. f. Pardee, ©eo- logical 3urwy. _ ■*-' -- C-6082. Pullman, Washingtonj 3-8-37, issn) Observational row-plantings of native and introduced plants at the Pullman, Washington Nursery, Plantings of this mture are made at a few selected locations throughout the cottntiy to observe and study the habits, drought-resistance, erosion control efficiency, forage value, etc, of grasses and other plants which appear to be of special value for the purposes in mind. Outstanding species are subsequently used on the vratershed areas for revegatation and other eooncanio purposes. cJLsx ^ " 3 ^ e A7 C-6813 Se pi- Trees and st^umps remaining after forest fire. (Negative to come in from field later. 10-22-40). R<zce\ii secoA/d loui't-, h) P? ^ i r-i C.ta.^'i ^orjf^e i? ^e e nj ^ I a d , O r & ■ ~/^ <z- o a^~f. ^^ 34 . 5 Aje * 1 'Wn- 181 Ihitraan, Washington A shelterbelt on a typical Palouse hilltop -which consists of a long gently sloping south slope and a con 5 )aratively short steep north slope. Planing this shelterbelt well away from the steep north slope will assure deposition of snow on top of the ridge rather than on the north slope. Photo Byj Wayne B. P.ead July, 1939 < 2 _