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Journal of toe
Ropal microscopical Society
CONTAINING ITS TRANSACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS
AND A SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO
ZOOLOG-^2" J^JSTID BOTANY (principally Invertebrata and Cryptogamia)
MICROSCOPY, cScc.
EDITED BY R. G. HEBB, M.A. M.D. F.R.C.P.
WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE PUBLICATION COMMITTEE AND
J. ARTHUR THOMSON, M.A. F.R.S.E. A. N. DISNEY, M.A. B.Sc.
Regius Professor of Natural History hi the University of Aberdeen
FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY
A. B. RENDLE, M.A. D.Sc. P.R.S. F.L.S.
Keeper, Department of Botany, British Museum
HAROLD MOORE, B.Sc. G. H. K. MACALISTER, M.A. M.D. (Cantab.)
Woolwich Arsenal Assistant Bacteriologist Lister Institute
Minimis partibus, per totum Naturae campum, certitude- omnis innititur quas qui fugit pariter Naturam fugit. — Linnatis.
FO R THE TEAR 1911
TO BE OBTAINED AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS
20 HANOVER SQUARE, LONDON, W.
of Messrs. WILLIAMS & NORGATE, 14 Henrietta Street, London, W.C. and ok Messrs. DULAU & CO., 37 Soho Square, London, W.
Extra and informal Meetings are held on the 1st and 4th Wednesday evenings of the month. These Meetings are devoted to : — (1) Biology, Bacteriology, and Histology ; (2) Microscopical Optics and Microsope Construction.
2 ft.
THE
ogat IJtkpscapal
Established in 1839. Incorporated by Eoyal Charter in 1866.
The Society was established for the promotion of Microscopical and Biological Science by the communication, discussion, and publication of observa- tions and discoveries relating to (1) improvements in the construction and mode of application of the Microscope, or (2) Biological or other subjects of Microscopical Besearcb.
It consists of Ordinary, Honorary, and Ex-officio Fellows of either sex.
Ordinary Fellows are elected on a Certificate of Becommendation signed by three Ordinary Fellows, setting forth the names, residence, and description of the Candidate, of whom the first proposer must have personal knowledge. The certificate is read at two General Meetings, and the Candidate balloted for at the second Meeting.
The Admission Fee is 21. 2s. ; and the Annual Subscription 21. 2s., pay- able on election, and subsequently in advance on 1st January annually. The Annual Subscriptions may be compounded for at any time for 31/. 10s. Fellows elected at a meeting subsequent to that in February are only called upon for a proportionate part of the first year's subscription. The annual Subscrip- tion of Fellows permanently residing abroad is 1/. lis. 6<i. or a reduction of one-fourth.
Honorary Fellows (limited to 50), consisting of persons eminent in Microscopical or Biological Science, are elected on the recommendation of five Ordinary Fellows and the approval of the Council.
Ex-officio Fellows (limited to 100), consisting of the Bresidents for the time being of any Societies having objects in whole or in part similar to those of the Society, are elected on the recommendation of ten Ordinary Fellows and the approval of the Council.
The Council, in whom the management of the property and affairs of the Society is vested, is elected annually, and is composed of the Bresident, four Vice-Bresidents, Treasurer, two Secretaries, and twelve other Ordinary Fellows.
The Meetings are held on the third Wednesday in each month, from October to June, at 20 Hanover Square, W. (commencing at 8 p.m.). Visitors are admitted by the introduction of Fellows. (See preceding page.)
The Journal, containing the Transactions and Broceedings of the. Society, and a Summary of Current Besearches relating to Zoology and Botany (principally Invertebrata and Cryptogamia), Microscopy, &c, is published bi-monthly, and is forwarded post-free to all Ordinary and Ex-officio Fellows residing in countries within the Bostal Union.
The Library, with the Instruments, Apparatus, and Cabinet of Objects, is open for the use of Fellows daily (except Saturdays), from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. It is closed for four weeks during August and September.
Forms of proposal far Fellowship, and any further information, may be obtained by application to the Secretaries, or Assistant-Secretary, at the Library of the Society, 20 Hanover Square, W.
a 2
|)airxm
HIS MAJESTY THE KING.
^.1 a st-'jp residents.
Elected
•Sir Richard Owen, K.C.B. D.C.L. M.D. LL.D. F.R.S. 1840-1
•John Lindley, Ph.D. F.R.S 1842-3
•Thomas Bell, F.R.S 1844-5
* James Scott Bowerbank, LL.D. F.R.S 1S46-7
•George Busk, F.R.S 1848-9
*Arthur Farre, M.D. F.R.S 1850-1
•George Jackson, M.R.C.S 1852-3
•William Benjamin Carpenter, C.B. M.D. LL.D. F.R.S. 1854-5
"George Shadbolt 1856-7
•Edwin Lankester, M.D. LL.D. F.R.S 1858-9
*John Thomas Quekett, F.R.S 1860
•Robert James Farrants, F.R.C.S 1861-2
•Charles Brooke, M.A. F.R.S 1863-4
* J ames Glaisher, F.R.S 1865-6-7-8
•Rev. Joseph Bancroft Reade, M.A. F.R.S 1869-70
*William Kitchen Parker, F.R.S 1871-2
*Charles Brooke, M.A. F.R.S 1873-4
•Henry Clifton Sorby, LL.D. F.R.S 1375-6-7
•Henry James Slack, F.G.S 1878
•Lionel S. Beale, M.B. F.R.C.P. F.R.S 1879-80
•Peter Martin Duncan, M.B. F.R.S 1881-2-3
•Rev. William Hy. Dallinger, M.A. LL.D. F.R.S. 1884-5-6-7 •Charles Thos. Hudson, M.A. LL.D. (Cantab.), F.R.S. 1888-9-90
Robert Braithwaite, M.D. M.R.C.S 1891-2
Albert D. Michael, F.L.S 1893-4-5-6
Edward Milles Nelson 1897-8-9
William Carruthers, F.R.S. F.L.S. F.G.S 1900-1
Henry Woodward, LL.D. F.R.S. F.G.S. F.Z.S 1902-3
Dukinfield Hy. Scott, M.A. Ph.D. LL.D. F.R.S. F.L.S. 1904-5-6 The Right Hon. Lord Avebury, P.C. D.C.L. LL.D.
F.R.S., etc 1907-8
Sir Edwin Ray Lankester, K.C.B. M.A. LL.D. F.R.S.
F.L.S. F.Z.S 1909
J. Arthur Thomson, M.A. F.R.S.E 1910
* Deceased.
COUNCIL.
Elected 19th January, 1911.
^jresiuent. Henry George Plbdier, F.R.S. F.L.S. F.Z.S.
l)ire-|1rcstucrits. *A. N. Disney, M.A. B.Sc. R. G. Hebb, M.A. M.D. F.R.C.P. E. Heron-Allen, F.L.S. F.Z.S. F.R.Met.Soc.
J. Arthur Thomson, M.A. F.R.S.E., Regius Professor of Natural History in the University of Aberdeen.
Cn a surer.
Wynne E. Baxter, J.P. D.L. F.G.S. F.R.G.S.
&tttttlXXU&. J. W. H. Eyre, M.D. F.R.S.E. *F. Shillington Scales, M.A. M.B. B.C.(Oantab.)
(Drumarn 11 embers of Council.
F. W. Watson Baker. J. E. Barnard. *Frederic J. Cheshire. Chas. Lees Curties.
C. F. Hill.
John Hopkinson, F.L.S. F.G.S. F.Z.S.
P. E. Radley. *Julius Rheinberg. *Charles F. Rousselet.
D. J. Scourfield, F.Z.S.
E. J. Spitta, L.R.C.P.(Lond.), M.R.C.S.(Eng.). Sir Almroth E. Wright, M.D. D.Sc. F.R.S.
* Members of the Publication Committee.
LIBRARIAN.
Percy E. Radley.
CURATORS.
Charles F. Rousselet.
F. Shillington Scales, M.A. M.B. B.C.(Cantab.)
assistant secretary. F. A. Parsons.
CONTENTS.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY.
PAGE
I. — Some African Rotifers : Bdelloida of Tropical Africa. By J. Murray,
F.R.S.E. F.Z.S. (Plates I., II.) 1
II. — A Simple Method of Obtaining Instantaneous Photomicrographs. By
J. Edwin Barnard. (Fig. 1) 19
III. — On the Use of a Metallic Electric Arc in Photomicrography. By
J. Edwin Barnard 21
IV. — Aerator Suitable for Laboratory Aquaria. By F. J. Gemmill, M.A.
D.Sc. M.D. (Fig. 2) . .. .: .. .. 24
V. — Adaptation of Ordinary Paraffin Baths for Vacuum Embedding. By
F. J. Gemmill, M.A. D.Sc. M.D. (Fig. 3) 26
VI. — The President's Address : The Determination of Sex. By J. Arthur
Thomson, M.A 141
VII. — On the Measurement of Grayson's New Ten-Band Plate. By A. A. C.
Eliot Merlin 160
VIII. — Australian Rotifera : Collected by the Shackleton Antarctic Expedition,
1909. By J. Murray, F.R.S.E. (Plates IV, V.) 164
IX. — Anomalies in Objective Screw Threads. By F. W. Watson Baker.
(Fig. 24) 175
X. — Adams's " Variable " and the Evolution of the Modern Microscope. By
Edward M. Nelson (Figs. 25-30) 178
XI. — Canadian Rotifera : Collected by the Shackleton Antarctic Expedition,
1909. By J. Murray, F.R.S.E. (Plates VI.-VIII.) 285
XII. — On the Recent and Fossil Foraminifera of the Shore-sands of Selsey Bill, Sussex. — VII. Supplement (Addenda et Corrigenda). By Edward Heron-Allen, F.L.S. F.R.M.S., and Arthur Earland, F.R.M.S. (Plates IX.-XIII.) 298
XIII. — Rotifera of some Pacific Islands : Collected by the Shackleton Antarctic
Expedition, 1909. By James Murray, F.R.S.E. (Plates XIV., XV.) 429
XIV. — On the Recent and Fossil Foraminifera of the Shore-sands of Selsey Bill, Sussex. — VIII. Tabular List of Species and Localities. By Edward Heron-Allen, F.L.S. F.R.M.S., and Arthur Earland, F.R.M.S 436
XV. — A Report on the Grayson's Rulings presented by Mr. C. Beck to the
Royal Microscopical Society. By E. J. Spitta 449
XVI. — On some New Objectives and Eye-pieces by R. Winkel, of Gottingen.
By Edward M . Nelson 451
XVII. — Rotifera of New Zealand : Collected bv the Shackleton Antarctic Ex- pedition, 1907-9. By James Murray, F.R.S.E. (Plates XVI., XVII.) 573
XVIII. — South African Rotifera: Collected by the Shackleton Antarctic Ex- pedition, 1907. By James Murray, F.R.S.E. (Plate XVI.) .. .. 5S4
Vlil CONTENTS.
PAGE
XIX.— Apparatus for Photomicrography with the Microscope standing in any Position, especially in Inclined Position, Liy Domingo de Orueta, F.R.M.S. (Figs. 70, 71) 588
XX.— A Method of Disintegrating Bacteria and other Organic Cells. By J.
Edwin Barnard, F.R.M.S. (Plate XVDX and Figs. 72, 73) .. .. 592
XXI. — The Re-appearance of the Nucleolus in Mitosis. By E. J. Sheppard.
( Plate XIX.) 598
XXII. — I. On the Structure of Scales from Thermobia domestica (Packard). ii. Description of a Model Producing an Optical Effect similar to the Cuneate Markings on Insect Scales. By James Strachan. (Plate XXIV.) 717
XXIII. — Instantaneous Exposure in Photomicrography. By "Walter Bagshaw.
F.R.M.S. .. 721
XXIV. — The Structural Detail of Coscinodiscus asteromphalus. By T. W.
Butcher, M.B. CM. F.R.M.S. (Plates XXV.-XXVII.) 722
XXV.— New British Enchyirreids. By The Rev. Hilderic Friend, F.L.S. F.R.M.S.
(Plate XXVIII.) , 730
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES
Relating to Zoology and Botany (principally Invertebrata and Cbyptogamia), Microscopy, &c, including Original Communications from Fellows and Others.* 29, 185, 344, 453, 603, 737
ZOOLOGY.
VERTEBRATA.
a. Embryology-
Guyer, M. F. — Accessory Chromosomes in Man 29
Molle, J. van — Mammalian Spermatozoon 30
Davenport, Gertrude C, & Charles B. — Inheritance of Skin-pigmentation in
Man 30
Morse, Max — Sterility 30
Mironescu, T. — Islands of Langerhans in the Human Embryo 31
Kuntz, A. — Development of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Mammals . . .. 31
„ Development of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Birds 32
O'Donoghue, Chas. H. — Duplicity in Chick Embryos 33
Pearl, R., & F. M. Surface — Inheritance in Hybrid Poultry 34
„ „ „ Inheritance of Colour-pattern in Hybrid Poultry .. 34
Schmalhausen, J. J. — Development of Limbs in Salamandrella kayserlingii .. .. 35
Hefford, A. E. — Toleostean Ova and Larvae 35
Thomson, J. Arthur — The President's Address : The Determination of Sex .. .. 141
Hektwig, O. — Influence of Radium Rays on Ova. and Sperms 185
Rlckert, J. — Polyspermy 185
Gregoire, Victor — Unity af Meiotic Process in Plants and Animals 186
< rEDDES, A. ( '. — Abnormal Bone-growth in Absence of Functioning Testes .. .. 186 Tschiuwinsky, N. — Influence of Malnutrition and Castration on Development of
Sheep's Skeleton 186
Staoh, J. — Development of Babbit's Teeth 186
Bruni. A. C — Development of Vertebral Column in Iteptiles and Birds 186
* In order to make the Contents complete, the papers printed in the ' Transactions ' and the Notes printed in the 'Proceedings' are entered here.
CONTENTS. IX
PAGE
Reese, Albert M. — Development of Enteron in American Alligator 187
Wunderer, Hans — Development of Alpine Salamander 187
Lissitsky, Eugen — Production of Supernumerary Limbs in Amphibians 187
Reis, Caroline — Development of Teleosts .. .. 187
Bolk, L. — Development of Pigment-cells in Teleostean Embryos 187
McIlroy, A. Louise — Oogenesis in Mammals 344
Sieglbauee, F. — Development of the Extremities in Birds 345
Rosenberg, F. T. — Development of the Limbs in Grebes 345
Mietens, H. — Origin of White Blood-corpuscles and Spleen in Bufo vulgaris .. 346 Stromsten, Frank A. — Structure and Development of Posterior Lymph-hearts of
Turtles 346
Goodale, H. W. — Blastopore Closure in Amphibia 347
Brownlee, J. — Inheritance of Complex Growth-forms 347
Regaud, Cl., & Th. Nogier — Castration by X-rays 347
Th. Nogier & Cl. Regaud— Sterilization by X-rays 347
Mazzetti, L. — Interstitial Testicular Cells and Secondary Sex Characters .. . . 348
Smith, Geoffrey — Injection of Testis-extract into Hens 348
Warren, Ernest — Mammalian Sports 348
Punnett, R. C. — Mendelism 453
Plate, L. — Heredity and Evolution 453
Bataillon, E. — Experimentally Induced Parthenogenesis in Toad 454
„ Artificial Parthenogenesis of Toad's Egg 454
„ „ Artificial Parthenogenesis in Toad 454
Dehorne, A. — Number of Chromosomes in Parthenogenetically produced Larvse of
the Frog 454
Romieu, M. — Plasmic Reduction in Spermatogenesis 454
Doncaster, L., & F. H. A. Marshall — Effects of One-sided Ovariotomy on Sex of
Offspring 454
Hickson, Sydney J. — Origin of Sex 454
Iwanoff, E. — Fertility of Hybrids of American and European Bison 455
Chappelier, A. — State of Ovary in Hybrids of Goldfinch and Canary 455
Bonhote, J. Lewis — Webfoot Character in Pigeons 455
Gaskell, J. F. — Action of X-rays on Developing Chick 455
Stromsten, F. A. — Lymph-hearts of Turtles 455
Goodrich, E. S. — Occipital Region of Vrodela 456
Jorgensen, Max — Ovarian Ovum of Proteus 456
Kusch akewitsch. Sergius — Development of Gonads in Frog 456
Marcus, Harry — Development of Head in Hypogeophis 456
Makuschok, M. — Development and Evolution of Lungs 457
Arldt, Th. — Evolution-centres 457
Schaffer, J. — Post-natal Remains of the Notochord in Mammals 603
Athias, M. — Maturation of the Mammalian Ovum 603
Sobotta, J. — Early Development of White Mouse 603
Bluntschli, H. — Teeth of Two Dentitions in a Dermoid Cyst 604
Poll, Heinrich — Ovary in Hybrid Birds 604
Smith, Geoffrey — Fluctuations in Growth of Fold's Comb 604
Kunkel, B. VV. — Development of Turtle Skull 605
Kuntz, A. — Sympathetic Nervous System in Turtles 605
„ ,, Sympathetic Nervous System in Fishes 606
Kopsch, Fr.— Early Development of Trout 607
Heronimus, Ch. — Development of Pectoral Fin in Amia 607
Agar, W. E. — Spermatogenesis of Lepidosiren 608
Broesike, G. — Nature of Seminal Fluid in Man 608
Daniel, J. Frank— Gestation in White Mice 737
Bataillon, E. — Factors of Traumatic Parthenogenesis 737
Berger, A. — Alleged Lactation of Male Lepusbairdii 737
Bonhote, J. Lewis, & F. W. Sm alley — Colour Inheritance in Pigeons 738
Peebles, Florence — Interchange of Limbs of Chick by Transplantation 738
Bianco, Salvatore Lo — Influence of Environment on Reproductive Period .. .. 738
Wintrebert, P. — Involution of Tail in Alytes obstetricans 738
Dakin, W. J. — Physiology of Fish-eggs and Larvse 738
Williamson, H. Chas. — Retarding Development of Herring's Eggs 739
X CONTENTS.
PAGE
WAGNER, K. — Colouring of Trout 739
Geoboi, W. — Origin of Notochord Epithelium 740
Sunier, A. L. J. — Development of Myotomes 740
Mazzktti, L. — Hole of Interstitial Testicular Cells 740
6. Histolog-y.
Hirschler, J. — Interstitial Tissue of Striped Muscle 35
Mkncl, E. — Direct Division of Red Blood Corpuscles in Scorpxna 35
Toyofuku, Tomaki — Cartilage in Thymus of Rat 35
Curtis, M. — Ligaments of Oviduct of Domestic Fowl 35
Burrows, Montrose T., & others — Culture of Tissues outside the Organism .. 13S
Dantschakofp. Wera — Blood -formation in Grass Snake 188
Patella, Vincenzo — Endothelial Genesis of Leucocytes 188
( auwenberghe, A. van — Giant-cells of Mole 's Placenta 188
Schaffer, Joseph — Chordoid Tissue 188
Kolmer, Walthek — Eye of Pteropus 189
Loewenthal, N. — Thread-like Structures in Epidermic Cells of Tadpoles .. .. 189
Samssoncw, N., & F. Meves — Threads and Granules in the Cytoplasm 189
Rosenstadt, B. — Protoplasmic Fibres in Epidermic Cells 189
Kulmer, W. — Supporting Elements in Sensory Epithelium 189
Faure-Fremiet, M. E. — Continuity of Mitochondria through many Generations of
Cells 190
Karl, Joseph — Reticular Apparatus in Cells of Corpus Luteum 190
Cilimbaris, P. A. — Pigment-cells in Sheep's Cornea 190
Kohn, A. — Pigment in the Human Neurohypophysis 190
Zarnik, B.— Kidney of Gecko 190
Schultze, Oskar — Direct Connexion between Muscle-fibrih and Tendon-fibrils .. 348
Loginoff, \V.|J. — Tracheal Epithelium in Domestic Mammals 349
Mollier, S. — Structure of Spleen Capillaries 349
Oppel. Albert — New kind of Cell in Br unner's Glands 349
Dubreuil, G. — Mitochondria of Adipose Cells 349
Schultze, Oskar — Origin of Granules in Gland Cells 349
Jolly, J. — Mitotic Figures in Isolated Tissues 349
Pettit, A. — Mitosis in Grafted Tissue 350
Magitat, A. — Survival of Excised Cornea 350
Erhabd, H. — Trophospongia and Chrcmidia .. 457
Schneider, Karl ( amillo — Study of Chromosomes in Salamander 457
Howard, W. T.— Nuclear Budding in Tumor-cells 458
Barbieri, N. A. — Physical Nature of Neuroplasm 458
Retterer, E., & A. Lelievre — Union of Muscle-fibre and Tendinous-fibre .. 458
Jolly, J. — Involution of Bursa Fabricii 458
Firket, Jean — Epidermic Fibrils in Chick 458
Fedele, M. — Innervation of Heart in Reptiles and Batrachians 458
Foot, J. S. — Minute Structure of Femoral Bones 608
Retteker, E., & Aug. Lelievre— Red Blood Corpuscles of Mammals 609
Zimmermann, K. W. — Epithelial Cells of Mammalian Kidney 609
Retterer, E., & Aug. Lelievre — Tendons of Whig and Leg in Bats 609
Schaxel, Julius — Cytoplasm, Chondriosomes, and Chromidia 609
Edin<;er. L. — Path of Hypophysis-secretio 610
Vibchow, Hans — Conjuctival Epithelium in Man 610
Ditlevsen, Christian — Nuclear Budding in Corneus Epithelium 610
Fritsch, Gustav— Retina of Birds 610
Jacobson, L. — Grouping of Nerve-cells in Spinal Cord of Tench 610
^chiefferdecker, P.— Muscles of Lamprey till
Jolly, J. — Survival of Isolated Leucocytes 611
Neumann, E.— Spindle-cells of Amphibian Blood 740
Fritsch, Gustav — Eye of Pteropus 740
Grynfeltt, E. — Eye of Protopterus 741
Sala, Luigi — Distribution of the Muscle-fibres in Heart of Fislies 741
Sanzo, L. — Cutaneous Pa pillx in Gobius 741
CONTENTS. XI
General.
Douville, Henri — Evolution of Man 36
Trouessart, E. L. — European Mammals ., 36
Miller, Gerritt S. — Six New European Mammals 36
TiANKESTER, E. Ray — Atlas of the Okapi .. .. 36
Danois, E. — Spermaceti-organ of Kogia breviceps > .. 37
Perkins, G. H. — Fossil Cetacea 37
Stapeley, Walter — Guttural Pouches of Horse 37
Hofherr, Otto — Relative Immunity of Birds to Anthrax 37
Guerin-Ganivet, J. — Grass Snake in the Sea 37
Leger, Louis — Muddy Taste in Fresh-water Fishes 37
Cockerell, T. D. A. — Scales of Fishes 38
Chaine, J. — Variations in Ureters of Weever 38
Fowler, H. W. — Variation of Species of Notropis 38
Haejipel, O. — Growth of Salmo hucho 38
Juday, Chancey — Biological Stations 38
Thomson. J. Arthur — Outlines of Zoology 39
IIii.zhei.mer, M. — Atavism 191
Clark, Austin Hobart — Interesting Structural Analogy 191
Leduc, Stephane — Osmotic Growths .. 191
Kaudern, W. — Male Genital Organs in Inseclivora and Lemuridx 191
True, Frederick W. — Beaked Whales 192
Sterling, S. — Musculature of Pectoral Girdle and Flipper in Cetacea 192
Gaupp, E. — Homology of Mammalian Lachrymal .. 192
Bardeleben, Karl von— Right- and Left-handedness 192
Versluys, J. — Birds and Deinosaurs 192
Lelievre, A., & E. Retterer — Ileal Csecum of Birds 192
Beebe, C. W. — Account of the Boatzin 193
Billard, G., & E. Maublant — Immunity to Viper Venom 193
Stehli, Georg — Evolution of Reptilian Scales 193
Okajima, K.— Ear of Urodela 193
Fischer, H.— Total 'Closure of Gut in Healthy Frog 193
Popta, C. M. L. — Function of Swim-bladder 19 +
Dammermann, K. W .—Structure and Function of the Saccus vasculosus in Fishes 194
Knauer, K. — Ventral Musculature of Fishes 19-4
Elmhirst, Richard— Yawning in Fishes 194
Derjugin, K. — Pectoral Girdle and Fins of Teleosteans 195
Stead, David G.— Fisheries of New South Wales 195
Colomina, A. de — Large Sun-fish 195
Spillman, L., & L. Bruntz — Elimination by Leucocytes 195
Daday, E. von — Fresh-water Microfauna of German East Africa 195
Mayer, A. G. — Converse Relation between Ciliary and N euro-muscular Movements 350
Pocock, R. I. — Cutaneous Scent-glands of Ruminants 351
Ewart, J. L'ossar — Descent of Cattle .. 351
Danvis, Ed. — Head of Kogia Breviceps 351
West, James A. — Food of Shrew-mole 352
Wood, F. E. — Habits of Shretv-mole 352
Tracey. H. C— Directive Markings of Passerine Birds . •• 352
Magnan & De la Riboisiere — Size of Spleen in Birds 352
Trawinski, A.— Penis of Drake and Gander :!:,3
Grinnell, Joseph — Linnet of Hawaiian Islands 353
Wilson, E. A.— Changes of Plumage in Red Grouse 353
Annandale, N. — New Burmese Frog 353
Schlesinger, G. — Electric Eels 354
Fage, Louis— Study of Specie* of Gadus 354
Regan, C. Tate — Synopsis of Lampreys 354
McDermott, F. Alex. — Photogenic Function in Marine Organisms 355
Hess, C. — Sense of Light in Animals 355
Vialleton, L. — Morphology of the Vertebrates 459
Livon, Ch., & Peyron — Pigmentation of the Nervous Lobe of the Hypophysis .. 459
Lonnberg, Einar — Pelvic Bones of some Cetacea 459
Xll CONTENTS.
TAGE
Km ii.sky, D. — Natural Immunity of White Mice to Trypanosoma lewisi 459
Legendre, R., & H. Pieron — I'hysiology of Sleep 459
Jolly, J. — Hiemapoietic Function of Spleen in Embryo Bird 160
„ Function of Bursa lrabricii 460
Streckek, John K., jun. — Notes on the Robber Frog 460
Dehaut. E. G. — Heart of Lungless Urodela 460
Stromer, Ernst — Fossil Lepidosirenidx 460
Frisch, Karl von — Colour-change in Fishes 460
Tracy, II. C. — Swim-bladder of Teleosts 461
Chambers, Helen, & S. Russ — Action of Radium Radiations on Blood 'ill
Bouchard, Ch. — Sleeping and Waking 611
Truschel — Sense of Direction in Blind 612
Bartels, Paul — Flica semilunaris in Hereros and Hottentots 612
Gaupp, E. — Vertebrate Lower Jaw 612
Allan, Glover M. — Mammals of West Indies 612
Curl, H. C. — Digestive System of Hornbill 612
Spdlski, B. — New Species of Odontopteryx , 613
Juillet, A. — Air-sacs in Birds 613
Delezenne, C, & S. Ledebt — Snake-poison and Yolk of Egg 613
Smallwood, W. M., & C. G. Rogers — Effects of Starvation on Necturus maculatus 613
Kennel, Pierre — Corpora adiposa of Amphibians 613
Wintrebert, P. — Lateral Line System in Tadpoles of Alytes and Rana 614
Wolff, Gustav — Regeneration in Newts 614
Franz, V. — Function of Cerebellum in Fishes 614
Unna, P. G. — Reduction and Oxidation in Animal Tissues 614
Bethe, Albrecht — Equilibration in Aquatic Animals 614
Herdman, W. A. — Summer Plankton of West of Scotland and Irish Sea .. .. 614
Heinis, Fr. — Moss- fauna of Central America 615
Petersen, C. G. Joh., & P. Boysen Jensen — Animal Life of Sea-bottom .. .. 741
Manderh, N. — Validity of some Forms of Mimicry 741
Toldt, K. — Different kinds of Hair 71-
Gaupp, E. — Composition of the Lower Jaw .. .. 742
Trouessart, E. L. — Origin of Domestic Dog 743
Schmaltz, R. — Reproductive Organs of Domestic Animals 743
Virchow, Hans — Mobility of Penguin's Vertebral Column 743
Thomson, A. Landsborough — Migration of Birds 743
Curtis, Maynie R. — Weighing Parts of Eggs 744
Phisalix, Marie — Bite of Heloderma 744
Arthis, M , & B. Stawska — Toxins and Antitoxins 744
Kennel, P. — Corpora Adiposa of Frog 744
Reymond, C. du Bois — Tadpoles with strongly developed Lips 745
Oshima, Hiroshi — Luminous Organs in Fishes 745
"Williamson, H. Chas. — Ichthyological Notes 746
Elmhirst, Richard — Ambi-coloured Flatfish 746
Tunicata.
Daumezon, G. — Tenacity of Life in Ciona intestinalis 461
INVEETEBRATA.
Daday, E. v. — Fresh-water Microfauna from German East Africa 39
Broch, Hjalmar — Plankton of Spitzbergen 39
Herdman, W. A. — Scottish and Irish Plankton 355
Daday, E. von — Micro-fauna of the Nile 355
Mollusca.
Nobre, A. — Molluscs of Portuguese East Africa 355
Stelfox, A. W. — Molluscs of Ireland 356
Colgan, Nathaniel — Marine Molluscs of Clare Island 461
Horwood, A. R. — Layers of the Molluscan Shell 746
CONTENTS. XU1
a- Cephalopoda-
PAGK
Hoyle, W. E.— Genera of Dibranchiate Cephalopoda l^fa
WiJLKEB, G. — Japanese Cephalopods ". ]•■
Berry, S. Stillman — New Cephalopods from Hawaiian Islands /4b
y- Gastropoda.
Odhner, Nils — Genus Cumanotus 39
Vessichelli, N. — Structure of Phylliroe bucephala 39
Bergh, R. — Opisthobranchs of South Africa 39
Trojan, E. — Glands and Luminescence of P kyllirhoe 196
Born, Ernst — Minute Structure of PhyUirhoe bucephala 196
Rolle, H. — Abnormal Shells of Achatina < 196
Dreyer, Thos. F. — Blood-vessels and Nerves of JEolididie and Tritoniadas .. .. 196
Germain, L. — Cavernicolous Gastropods 356
Wood, Elvira — Phytogeny of Cerithiidx 356
Lang, Arnold — Beating of the Heart in Hibernating Snail 462
Lee, A. Bolles — Reduction in the Spermatogenesis of the Snail 462
Quintaret, G. — Abnormality in Snail 462
Reed, F. R. Cowper — New Fossil Chiton from Gir van 615
Perrier, Remy. & Henri Fischer — Mantle-cavity and Pallial Organs of Bulleidse 747
Spiro, J. — Alimentary Canal of Helix pomatia 747
Petersen, C. G. Joh. — Damage to Plaice-fishing by Whelks 747
5. Lamellibranchiata.
Dakin, W. J. — Visceral Ganglion of Pecten 40
Fabre-Domergue — Cleansing Oysters r-> .. 40
„ „ Feeding Habits of Oysters 40
Drew, G. H., & W. De Morgan — Reaction of Tissues of Pecten to Implantation of
Foreign Bodies 356
Tur, Jan — Influence of Radium on the Development of Pholas Candida 462
Israel, W. — Notes on Fresh-water Mussels 462
Southwell, T. — Avicula and Gorgonid Association 463
Poyarkoff, E. — Incubation of Cyclas Embryos .. 463
Kostanecki, K.— Artificial Parthenogenesis in Mactra 615
Ewald, W. F. — Contraction of Adductors in Fresh-water Mussels 616
Arthropoda.
a. Insecta.
Lovell, John H. — Colour-sense of Hive-bee 40
Bugnion, E., & N. Popoff — Scelioiiid Parasite of Spider's Eggs 41
Holste, Georg — Nervous System of Dytiscus marginalis 41
Silvestri, F. — New Termitophilous Staphylinid 41
Kirchhoffer, O. — Eye of Dermestes 41
Deegener — hitestinal Secretion in Dytiscus 41
Lea, Arthur M. — Beetles in Ants' Nests 42
Meijere, J. C. H. de, & Hj. Jensen — Insects in Nepenthes Pitchers 42
Perez, Ch. — Beginning of Muscular Phagocytosis in Larval Muscids 42
„ Metamorphosis of Intestinal Musculature in Muscid Larvse 42
Brindley, H. H. — Habits of Procession Caterpillar 42
Cook, Margaret Harris — Spermatogenesis in Lepidoptera 43
Dampf, Alfons — New Flea from Jerboa 43
Russ, E. L. — Head-glands of Caddis-worms 44
Carpenter, George H. — Injurious Insects in Ireland 44
Marchal, Paul — Notes on Chermes pin i 44
Neeracher, Ferdinand — Insects of the Rhine 197
Zander, Enoch, & F. Stellwaag — Studies on Bees 197
XIV CONTENTS.
PAGE
Metzer, Christian — Junction of Fore-gut and Mid-gut in Hive-bee 1 97
Friese, II., & F. von Wagner— Species and Varieties of Humble-bees 197
Mast, S. O. — Blow-fly Lame and Gratify 198
Perez. C. — Metamorphosis of Blow-fly 198
Roubaud, E. — Oviparity and Viviparity in Dung-fly I 'AS
Torne, Oskar — Suctorial Di*ks of Male Dytiscids 198
Gunthert, Thomas — Oogenesis in Dytiscid as 198
Deibel, Johannes — Respiration in Donacia and Macro-plea 198
Jusbaschjanz, Simeon — Post-embryonic Development of Stratiomydas 199
Bottgee, Otto — Brain of Lepisma , 199
Hagemann, J. — Study of Corixa 199
Pocock, R. I. — Mimicry of Ant by Larval Mantis 356
Wheeler, W. M. — North American Species of Camponatus 357
Poiovici-Baznosanu, A. — Study of Sphegidm 357
Doncaster, L. — Spermatogenesis iii Currant-moth 357
Paiva, C. A. — Carnivorous M.squito Larvae, 358
Crosby, C. K. — Apple Red Bugs .. . . 358
Hooper, David — Secretion of Ghost Bug 358
Andrews, E. A., & A. R. Middleton — Rhythms in Termite Communities .. . . 463
Mercier, Yj— Insects as Disseminators of Enjot 463
Schiberg, A. — Dissemination of Disease by Stomxys calcitrans 463
Leon, N. — Roumanian Mosquitos 463
Kieffer, J. J. — East Indian Chi ronomidai 463
Popoff, M. — Chromidia in Cells of Museidas 464
Purtier, P. — Digestion in Wood-eating Caterpillars 464
Conte, A., & C. Vaney — Acephalous Lepidoptera 464
Schwangart — Grape Sloths _ .. 464
McUermott, F. A., & C. G. Crane — Photogenic Organs of Lampyridas 464
Sasaki, C. — Life-history of Schlechtendalia chinensis 465
Gravely. F. H. — Degenerate Cockroach 465
Neumann, L. G. — Mallophaga from Southern Birds 465
Lewis, R. T. — Larva of Mantispa 465
Krauss, H. A. — Monograph on Embidse 465
Shelford, R. — Blattidse in Amber 465
Handlirsch, Anton — New Palaeozoic hisects 466
Felt, E. P. — Injurious Insects 466
Hollande, A. Ch. — Blood of Insects 616
Sulc, Karel — Symbiosis of Yeasts and, Insects 616
Demoll, R. — Migration of Iris-pigment in Compound Eye 616
Board of Agricultire — Bee Disease 616
- Meek, C F. U. — Spermatogenesis of Stenobothrus viridulus 617
Waterston, J. — New Flea from South Africa 617
Hufnagkl, A. — Fatty Body during Metamorphosis 618
Ritter, Wolfgang — Flying Apparatus of Blow-fly 618
Summers, Sophia L. M. — Oriental Species of Stomoxys 618
Bezzi, M. — Gave Diptera 618
Llhmann, N., & ('.Vaney — Occurrence of Ox-warbles 619
Alcock, A. — Classification of Culicidas 619
Marchal, Paul — Parasites of Olive-fly 619
Bounoure, L. — Digestive Ferments of Beetles 619
Bugnion, E. — Buccal Parts of a Ceylonese Staphylinid 619
Jeannel, R. — Revision of Bathysciinx 620
Lesne, Pierre — Nutritive Habits of Bostrychidie *'.^0
Zacher, Fr. — Position and Classification of Protodermaptera 620
Shoebotham, J. W. — New Collembola in England 620
Bolton, H. — Insect Remains from South Wales Coalfield 620
Strachan, James — 1. On the Structure of Scales from Thermobia domestica (Packard). 2. Description of a Model Producing an Optical Effect similar
to the Cunate Markings on Insect Scales. (Plate XXIV.) 717
Berlese, Antonio — Studies on Injurious Insects 747
Kapzov, Serge — Minute Structure of Cuticle in Insects 747
Verson, E. — Moulting in Silkworms 748
CONTENTS. XV
l'AGE
Lea, Arthur M. — New Stag-beetles 748
Rungius. H. — Alimentary Canal of Dytiscus .. .. 748
Gravely, F. H. — Large Egg Laid by a Beetle 748
Dubois, R. — Fluorescence in Luminous Insects 748
Doncaster, L. — Gametogenesis of Gall-fly 748
Bruce, David, & others — Tabanids and Trypanosomas 749
Ricardo, Gertrude — Revision of Oriental Species of Tabanus 749
Lehmann, N., & C. Vaney — Influence of Weather Conditions on Frequency of
Warbles 749
Brown, J. M. — Respiration and Circulation in Tipula maxima 749
Gravely, F. H. — Mosquito sucked by Midge - 750
Tileyard, R. J. — Experiments with Dragon-fly Larvx 750
Zanarzin, A. — Histological Study of the Innervation of the Heart of Larval Dragon- fly 750
Bugnion, E., & N. Popofp — Buccal Apparatus of Hemiptera 750
Buffa, Pietro — Study of a Thrips 750
Wesenberg-Lund, C. — Study of Phryganea qrandis 750
Mjorerg, Eric— Studies on Mallophaga and Anoplura 751
@- Myriopoda.
Brolemann, H. W. — Cavernicolous Myriopoda 44
Reinecke, Georg — Study of Polyxenus 199
Baldwin, W. — British Carboniferous Myriopods 200
Hirst, S. — New Termitophilous Millipede 621
Chalande, Jules — Doubling of Segments in Myriopods 621
Verhoeff, Karl W. — Studies on Millipedes 752
d'Hercclais, J. Kunckel — Habits of Scutigera coleoptrata 752
7- Prototracheata.
Andrews, E. A. — Jamaica Peripatus 466
Brues, Charles T. — New Species of Peripatus from Grenada 752
5. Arachnida.
Comstock, J. H. — Palpi of Male Spiders 44
Neumann, L. G. — Neio Ixodidx 44
Elmassian, M. — Salivary Glands of Ticks 45
Sweet, Georgina — New Species of Argas 45
Cole, Leon J. — Pacific Pycnogonids 45
,, „ Notes on Endeis spinosus 45
Petrunkevitch, A. — Circulatory System of Lycosa carolinensis 200
Reuter, Enzio — Mites and\Tumours 200
Soar, Charles D. — Hydrachnids of East African Lakes 200
Elmhirst, Richard — Pycnogonids of Clyde Area 200
Bugnion, E. — Pentastomum of Python 200
Freund, Ludwig — Ear Mite of Cattle 359
Kew, H. Wallis — False Scorpions of British Isles 359
Johnston, E. A. — New Species of Linguatula 359
Murray, James — Antarctic and other Tardigrada 359
Ludaiila & Wladimir Schimkewitsch — Development of Tetrapneumones .. .. 466
PocoCK, R. I. — Carboniferous Arachnida 467
Schtschelkanowzew, J. P. — Male Reproductive Organs of Chelifer and Chernes .. 467
Carpenter, G. H. — Sudanese Pycnogonids 467
Bocvier, E. L. — New Decapod Pycnogonid 467
Shipley, A. E. — New I'entastomid 468
Murray, J ames— Notes on Tardigrada 468
Ludmilla & VV. Schimkewitsch — Development of Ischnocolus 621
Halbert, J. N. — Fresh-ivater Mites of Clare Island 621
xvi CONTENTS.
PAGE
Kew, H. Wallis — Pseudoscorp ions of Clare Inland 621
Theiller, A. — Transmission of Amahebe by Brown Tick 622
Babtabelli, E., & V. Paranhos — Alleged Importance of Demodex in Spreading
Leprosy 622
Henneke, J. — Structure and Hahits of Macrobiotics macronyx 622
Murray, James — Clare Island Water-bears 622
Walcott, Charles D. — Middle Cambrian Merostomata .. 622
Johnston, T. Harvey, & J. Burton Cleland — Pentastomes in Australian Cattle 623
Bonnet, A. — Caverniculous Gamasids 752
Guercio, Giacomo del — Studies on Injurious Mite* 752
Paoll, Guido — Monograph on Tarsonemidie 752
«• Crustacea.
Kemp, S. — Photophore* of Decapod Crustacea 45
Cole, Leon J. — Abnormal Cheliped of Lobster 46
Calman, W. T. — Heterocuma 46
Dees, Eugene Daday de — Monograph of Phyllopoda Anotfraca 46
„ „ „ Neio Antarctic Phyllopod 47
Quidor, A. — Affinities of Philichthydx 47
Calman, W. T. — Parasitic Copepod, from Cephalodiscus 47
Chapman, Frederick — Ostracods from Funafuti 47
Birge, E. A. — Notes on Cladocera .. .. , .. 47
McIntosh, D. C. — Genital Pores in Norway Lobster 201
Racovitza, E. G., & R. Sevastos — Fossil Idoteid 201
Defner, A. — Maxillary Glands of Cirripedes 201
Tollinger. M. Annunziata — Geographical Distribution of Diaptomidx .. ■■ 201
Marsh, C. Dwight — Revision of North American Species of Cyclops 201
Zulueta, Antonie de — Copepods Parasitic on Alcyonarians 202
Tattersall, W. M. — Schizopods from North-east Atlantic Slope 359
Williamson, H. C. — Larval Stages of Decapods . . 468
Weymouth, F. W. — Calif omian Crabs 468
Calman, W. T. — New and Rare Cumacea 468
Beresford, Denis R. Pack, & Nevin H. Foster — Woodlice of Ireland 469
Calman, W. T. — New Carboniferous Crustacean 469
Annandale, N. — Barnacles from Irish Seas 469
Chatton, E., & E. Brkment — Neiv Ascidicolous Copepod 469
Doflein, F. — Behaviour of Prawns 623
Marcus, Kurt— Olfactory Structures in Galatheids 623
Gruvel, A. — Classification of Rock Lobsters 623
Wege, W. — Anatomical and Experimental Study of Asellus aquaticus 623
Gravier, Ch. — Cirripede and other Commensals of Madrepores 624
Andrews, E. A. — Sperm Transfer in certain Decapods 753
Schlegel, C. — Development of Maia squinado 753
Sollaud & Tilho — Palasmo7i niloticus in Lake Tchad 753
Chiltern, Charles — Crustacea of Kermadec Islands 753
Mercier, L., & R. de Drouin de Bouville — Crayfish Plague 753
Chilton, Charles — Dispersal 'of Marine Crustacea by Sliips 754
„ „ Studies on New Zealand Crustaceans 754
Sollaud, E. — Primitive Fresh-uater Prawn 754
Sexton, E. W. — Genus Leptocheirus 754
Richardson, Harriet — New Parasitic Isopod 755
„ „ Spiny Terrestrial Isopod 755
Stewart, F. H. — Development and Minute Structure of Scalpellum and Ibla.. .. 755
Annandale, Nelson — Rhizocephalous Crustacean from Fresh-water 755
Wilson, C. B. — New Parasitic Copepods 755
„ „ North American Ergasilidx 756
„ „ Development of Achtheres 756
Esterly, C. O. — Diurnal Migrations of Calanus finmarchicu* 757
Brady, G. Stewardson — Ostracods from Madeira 757
Wolteeeck, R. — Sex- determination in Daphnids 757
CONTENTS. XV11
Annulata. page
Perez, Ch. — Guticular Warts of Pilargis verrucosa 47
Elwes. E. V. — Littoral Polyckseta of Torqua y 48
Hurwitz, S. H. — Reaction* of Earthworms to Acids 48
Michaelsen, W. — Caucasian Earthworms 48
Martiis, Luigi Cognetti de — Internal Fertilization in Pareudrihts 202
Honig, Josef — Neurochords of Criodrilus 202
Staff, Franz — Development of Criodrilus lacuum .. 202
Ashworth, J. H. — Studies on Arenicolidse 202
„ „ Arenicola loveni 203
Michel, Aug. — Precision of Regeneration in Polynoids 203
Hacklov, L. — Sensilli and Eyes of Medicinal Leech .. .. '.. 203
Ritter-Zahony, Rudolf von — Chxtognatha from Ireland 203
„ „ West Indian Chxtognatha 204
( oventry, A. F. — Theory of Dwarf Males in Myzostoma 204
Southern, R. — Pelagic Polychxts of Irish Seas 360
McIntosh, W. O. — Notes on Polychxts 360
Dershawin, A. — Polychxt from the Delta of the Volga 360
Shearer. Oreswell — Development of Trochophore of Hydroides 360
Sollas, Igerna B.J. — Parasitic Castration of Earthworms 360
Johannson, L. — Extra-enteric Aperture in a Leech 361
Stephenson, J. — Oligochset Commensals in Spongilla carteri 469
„ Bothrion iris 469
Harding, W. A. — New Leech from Egypt 470
Scriban, J. A. — Adipose Cells of Pont obtlella muricat a, 624
Buchanan, Gwynneth, & others — Studies on Australian Earthworms .. .. 624
Bialkowska, Wanda, & /ofia Kulikowska — Nerve-cells of Leech and Earthworms 624
Heinen, Adolph — Nephthyidm and Lycoridm of the North Sea and the Baltic . . 624
Mesnil, F., & M. Caullery — Papillomatous Neo-formati n in an Annelid .. .. 625
Sokolow, Iwan — New Species of Ctenodrilus Q25
Friend, Hilderic, The Rev. — New British Enchytrseids 730
Nanni,