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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
S UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.
Neolmnve <2O hv .
PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1902.
in “=~?
ADVERTISEMENT.
The publications of the National Museum consist of two series: Proceedings and Bulletins.
The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium of publication for newly-acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, descriptions of new forms of animals and plants acquired by the National Museum, discussions of nomenclature, etc. A volume is issued annually for distribution to libraries, while in view of the importance to science of the prompt publication of descriptions of new species, a limited edition of each paper is printed in pamphlet form in advance.
The present volume is the twenty-fourth of the series.
The Bulletin, publication of which was begun in 1875, is a series of elaborate papers, issued separately and based for the most part upon collections in the National Museum. They are monographic in scope, and are devoted principally to the discussionof large zoological groups, bibliographies of eminent naturalists, reports of expeditions, ete.
A quarto form of the Bulletin, known as the ‘‘ Special Bulletin,” has been adopted in a few instances in which a larger page was deemed indispensable.
The Annual Report of the National Museum (being the second vol- ume of the Smithsonian Report) contains papers chiefly of an ethno- logical character, describing collections in the National Museum.
Papers intended for publication by the National Museum are usually referred to an advisory committee, composed as follows: Frederick W. True (chairman), William H. Holmes, George P. Merrill, James E. Benedict, Otis T. Mason, Leonhard Stejneger, Lester F. Ward, and Marcus Benjamin (editor).
S. P. LAaneiry, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
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Tabi Or CONTENTS.
Banks, NarHan. Some Spiders and Other Arachnida from Pentigeiknico.—No,. 1253, October 4,,1901*. 22.2. 2 2 ee
New species: Pardosa porto-ricensis, Prostheclina signata, Cynorta obscura, Stygnus insulanus.
Buscx, Auacusr. A Review of the American Moths of the Genus Depressaria Haworth, with Descriptions of New Bpecies.— No. 1268. May 12, 1902* ...-._...---..--+..-
New species: Depressaria sanguinella, D. muricolorella, D. senicionella, D. canadensis, D. betulella, D. barberella.
CHAMBERLIN, RaupH V. Henicops Dolichopus, a New Chilo- ped irom Utah.—No.. 1270. May 24, 1902*.............
New species: Henicops dolichopus.
—. List of the Myriapod Family Lithobiidi. of Sait Lake County, Utah, with Descriptions of Five New Spe- cies.—No. 1242. September 27, 1901’__-_-_-_----------
New species: Lithobius utahensis, L. collium, L. socius, L. intermon- tanus, L. purpureus.
CoquitteTtT, D. W. New Diptera from Southern Africa.— Mommi2te,. eptember 27, 190k? 2.2 ss lL. 222 oo. 23 28
New genus: Zaprionus.
New species: Simulium nigritarsis, Dacus lounsburyii, D. brevis, D. sigmoides, D. immaculatus, Ceratitis rubivora, C. lycii, Zaprionus viltiger.
Dati, WixtuiAM Hearey. Illustrations and Descriptions of New, Unfigured, or Imperfectly Known Shells, Chiefly American, in the U. S. National Museum.—No. 1264. Perma ew 2 ok. ess) a5 82 aS oe. 2 oso 24 2
New genera: Toledonia, Antistreptus.
New section: Agriopoma.
New species: Conus stimpsoni, Daphnella eugrammata, Actxon ( Micro- glyphis) breviculus, Toledonia perplexa, Pleurotoma (Antiplanes) piona, P. (Antiplanes) thalea, P. ( Antiplanes) santarosana, P. calli- cesta, Tritonofusus (Plicifusus) herendeeni, Volutopsius trophonius, Antistreptus magellanicus, Trophon pelecetus, Boreotrophon maclaini, B. kamchatkanus, B. (Stuarti var.?) smithi, B. peregrinus, B. beringi, B. pacificus, B. tripherus, B. alaskanus, B. mazatlanicus, B. pana- mensis, B. avalonensis, B. rotundatus, Trophon pinnatus, Typhis martyria, Litorina atkana, Solariella carlotta, Ganesa? panamensis, Lepidopleurus mesogonus, L. halistreptus, L. luridus, L. farallonis, Ischnochiton stearnsii, I. sarcosus, Crenella megas, Limopsis pana- mensis, Cetoconcha scapha, Terebratalia hemphilli, Crania patagonica.
731-749
797-800
21-25
27-32
499-566
'Date of publication.
Wa TABLE OF CONTENTS.
JORDAN, Davip Starr, and Epwrn Cuapin Starks. A Re- view of ti.2 Atherine Fishes of Japan.—No. 1250. October 4. 19010. ee ‘See
New genera: Atherion, Iso. New species: Atherina woodwardi, A. tsurugx, Atherion elymus, Iso flos-maris.
——. and JoHN OTTERBEIN SnypER. A Review of the Discobolous Fishes of Japan.—No. 1259. February 1 KOR KS] ea ene MONE Renee ec omg PO ie eer ye Se
New genus: Crystallias. New species: Lethotremus awx, Crystallias matsushime.
A Review of the Gobioid Fishes of Japan, with Descriptions of Twenty-one New Species.—No. 1244. September-25, LOQL" 03.5 32 oe ee ee ee
New genera: Vireosa, Hazeus, Chloea, Suruga, Sagamia, Ainosus, Astrabe, Clariger, Euteniichthys.
New species: Vireosa hanex, Asterropteryx abax, Hazeus otakii, Gobius pecilichthys, Ctenogobius abei, C. nadropterus, C. campbelli, C. virga- tulus, Chloea mororana, C. sarchynnis, Pterogobius daimio, P. zacalles, P. zonoleucus, Suruga fundicola, Sagamia russula, Cheturichthys sctistius, Tridentiger bucco, Astrabe~ lactisella, Clariger cosmurus, Eutentichthys gilt, Trypauchen wake.
A Review of the Gymnodont Fishes of Japan.— No. 1254. November 30, 1901'
New species: Spheroides abbotti, S. exascurus, S. borealis, S. niphobles.
A Review of the Hypostomide and Lophobranchiate Fishes of Japan.—No. 1241. September 27, 19017 New genera: Zalises, Yozia. New species: Zalises wmitengu, Corythroichthys isigakius, Yozia waka- noure, Urocampus rikuzenius, Hippocampus kelloggi, H. aterrimus, HT, sindonis. A Review of the Labroid Fishes and Related Forms Found in the Waters of Japan.—No. 1266. May 2, 1902'- New genus: Verreo. New species: Stethojulis psacas, S. terina, S. trossula, Halicheeres tre- mebundus. A Review of the Salmonoid Fishes of Japan.— No. 1265. March 25, 19021
New species: Argentina kagoshime.
A Review of the Trachinoid Fishes and their Sup- posed Allies Found in the Waters of Japan.—No. 1263. March 28, 1902"
New genera: Pleropsaron, Ariscopus, Stalix.
New species: Parapercis ommatura, Pteropsaron evolans, P. verecun- dum, Ariscopus iburius, Gnathypops hopkinsi, G. evermanni, Stalix histrio.
wetter er et me ee ee Bm RM ee KH fe em wm we ew ew 2 ew oe ow oe = =
‘Date of publication.
199-206
345-351
33-132
1-20
595-662
567-593
461-497
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
JORDAN, Davip Srarr, assisted by Micniraro Sinpo. A Review of the Japanese Species of Surf-Fishes or Embioto- miees—_No. 1960. February 26, 1902* =: -..-_........--
~-———. A Review of the Pediculate Fishes or Anglers of
Senan.—No. 1961. February 26, 1902°...........----.-
New species: Lophiomus litulon, Antennarius scriptissimus, A. san- guifluus, A. nox, Malthopsis tiarella.
Lucas, Freperic A. A Flightless Auk, Mancalla Califor-
niensis, from the Miocene of California.—No. 1245. Sep-
© Bi SUSI O Ns eS ci APRR ceed ig coe apie poe
Lyon, Marcus Warp, Jr. An Annotated List of Mammals Collected in the Vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela.—No. SPREE MEOICEOMOI WOON oda BeBe, Sir ey 7 oe
(See also under Robinson, Wirt.)
Mearns, Epaar A. . Descriptions of Three New Birds from
the Southern United States.—No. 1274 June 2, 1902'___-
New subspecies: Colurniculus savannarum floridanus, Progne subis floridana, Sitta carolinensis nelsoni.
The Cacomitl Cat of the Rio Grande Valley.—
ene ee CkOUCE + LOOKS 222! Sete a ek. be
Merritt, Grorce P. A Newly Found Meteorite from Admire, Lyon County, Kansas.—No. 1273. May 31, 1902'-
On a Stony Meteorite, which Fell Near Felix, Perry County, Alabama, May 15, 1900.—No. 1249. October 7, uM Mere e te tee ee ts bey ee Ry iS Sy 0 eo Pt
Mitter, Gerrit $., Jr. The Mammals of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.—No. 1269. May 29, 1902°
New species: Sus nicobaricus, Mus stoicus, M. taciturnus, M. flebilis, M. pulliventer, M. atratus, M. burrus, M. burrulus, M. burrescens, Crocidura nicobarica, C. andamanensis, Pipistrellus camorte, Hippo- sideros nicobarule, Pteropus fawnulus, Macacus umbrosus.
New subspecies: Tupaia nicobarica surda.
OpBERHOLSER, Harry C. A Review of the Larks of the Genus Otocoris.—No. 1271. June 9, 1909'.._._._______-
New subspecies: Olocoris alpestris arcticola, O. a. enthymia, O. a. dia- phora, O. a. actia, O. a. ammophila, O. a. aphrasta, O. a. leucansip- tila, Otocoris longirostris perissa, O. l. argalea, Otocoris penicillata oreodrama.
——. Catalogue of a Collection of Hummingbirds from Ecuador and Colombia.—No. 1258. January 18, 1902" __- New species: Zodalia thaumasta.
New subspecies: Topaza pella pamprepta, Boissonneaua flavescens tinochlora, Heliangelus exortis soderstromi.
1 Date of publication.
Vit
Page.
3D3—300
361-381
133-134
135-162
207-210
907-913
193-198
(51-795
801-884
309-342
VIIlL TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Page. Rarnpun, Mary J. Descriptions of New Decapod Crusta-
ceans from the West Coast of North America.—No. 1272. May 03.1000) ek aoe ee 885-905
New species: Oregonia bifurca, Callianassa goniophthalma, Axius spinulicauda, Calastacus quinqueseriatus, Gennades borealis, Cran- gon holmesi, C. dalli, C. resima, C. abyssorum, C. acclivis, C. varia- bilis, C. spinosissima, C. spinirostris, Sclerocrangon alata, Nectocran- gon dentata, N. ovifer, N. californiensis, N. levior, Spirontocaris arcuata, S. murdochi, S. truncata, S. Snyderi, S. sica, S. dalli, 8. unalaskensis, S. vicina, S. washingtoniana, S. flexa, S. decora, S. tridens, S. townsendi, S. moseri, S. maxillipes, S. brachydactyla, S. kincaidi, S. biunguis, S. stoneyi, S. macrophthalma, Pandalus jor- dani, P. stenolepis, Pandalopsis aleutica, P. longirostris, P. dispar,
_ Pontonia californiensis, Palemonetes kadiakensis, Urocaris infraspinis, Hymenodora frontalis, Parapasiphe serrata, Pasiphxa spacifica, P emarginata, P. corteziana, P. affinia.
New subspecies: Crangon alaskensis elongata, Crangon franciscorum angustimana, Pandalus montagui tridens.
RicHmMonb, CHARLES W. An Annotated List of Birds Col- lected in the Vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela.—No. 1247.
October 3,.1901.). 2.2 263 eee 163-178 (See also under Robinson, Wirt.)
. List of Generic Terms Proposed for Birds During the Years 1890 to 1900, Inclusive, to which are Added Names Omitted by Waterhouse in his ‘‘ Index Generum Avium.”— Non 12607. “May 2.1902." _ 22 ee 663-729
Rogrnson, Wirt, and CHartes W. RicuMonp. An Anno- tated List of Birds Collected in the Vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela.—No. 1247. October 3, 1901.°__.-..--.------ 163-178
New species: Microcerculus pectoralis.
Rogrnson, Wirt, and Marcus Warp Lyon, Jr. An Anno- tated List of Mammals Collected in the Vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela.—No. 1246. October 3, 1901.'____.-- 135-162
New species: Oryzomys medius, Lophostoma venezuele.
Scuaus, WituiamM. Descriptions of New American Butter- fies; —— No, 1962! March 1, 19027!" °o > 2 eee 383-460
New genus: Eucora,
New species: Dircenna hugia, Leucothyris manora, Episcada pascua,
E. carcinia, Pteronymia minna, P. calgiria, P. carlia, P. ilsia,
Ithomia saleata, Calloleria tosca, Euptychia ocelloides, E. castrensis,
KE. narapa, E. moneca EE. burgia, E. morima, E. pallema, E.
borasta, Lymanopoda varola, Narope marmorata, Acrea ozinta, A.
dognini, A. mitama, A. surima, A. quadra, Eresia crina, Phyciodes
' Date of publication.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
fellula, P. sejona, P. brancodia, P. orticas, P. carigia, Adelpha goyama, A. barnesia, Chlorippe laurona, Eurygona cucuta, E. micela, E. rasonea, E. tarinta, Mesosemia mathania, M. friburgensis, Lymnas pelta, Symmachia eurina, S. satema, Eucora sanarita, Charis incoides, C. dukinfieldia, Chamelimnas joviana, C. similis, Mesene strigulata, M. martha, Bexotis bacenita, Calydna zea, Caria tabrenthia, Apodemia multiplaga, Hamearis dovina, Lepricornia tristis, Lemonias malca, Ithomeis lauronia, Stalachtis sontella, S. stellidia, Lycena griqua, L. cogina, Thecla giapor, T. xorema, T. carla, T. nugar, T. atrana, T. talama, T. normahal, T. malta, T. vomiba, T. vieca, T. rickmani, T. zurkvitzi, T. epopeoides, T. conoveria, T. curtira, T. tella, T. chaluma, T. taminella, T. rana, T. muattina, T. binangula, T. bolima, T. polama, T. foyi, T. aritides, T. echinita, T. guadala, T. tigonia, T. illex, T. hostis, T. gentilla, T. guzanta, T. fosteria, T. farmina, T. lanckena, T. chilica, T. humber, Leodonta marginata, Pieris sublineata, Papilio socama, Jemadia paulensis, J. brevipennis, Eudamus callicina, E. janita, E. pithys, Thymele subvirescens, T. grenadensis, Telegonus janeira, T. hurga, Nascus orima, N. orita, Telemiades megalloides, Cecropterus ochrilinea, Graius choricus, LTignyostola cydana, Pellicia bipuncta, P. vecina, P. capitans, Cyclosemia trigonilla, Eudamidas obscurior, Gorgythion beggoides, G. marginata, Anisochosia subpicta, Staphylus scoramus, S. anginus, S. minor, S. tadus, S. terrens, S. alicus, S. subapicatus, Heliopetes purgia, H. sublinea, Chiomara marthona, Thanaos austerus, Butleria arpia, Atrytone urqua, A. paranensis, A. brasina, Thymelicyus bahiensis, Augiades chalcone, A. anita, A. tania, A. turbis, A. aligula, Prenes diduca, Niconiades merendula, Phemiades jamaicensis, Cobalus fortis, C. rastaca, C. arita, Eutychide astiga, E. petrouna, E. barnesi, Thoon lugens, Rhinthon bomax, R. tanaris, Euroto etelka, E. purgis, E. coler, E. ritans, Phlebodes chittara, P. gulala, P. metonidia, P. fartuga, Honus garima, Phanis cumbre, P. tavola, Mucia matalma, Catia minaya, Euphyes menopis, Mnasalcas amatala, Papias tristis- simus, P. ctyanus, P. sobrinus, Lerodea tesera, Vehilius almoneus, V. carasta, V. chinta, Megistias eorius, M. ranesus, M. polistion, M. monestes, M. miaba, M. chula, M. vanilia, M. gispara, M. vorgia, M. sancoya, M. carinna, M. jamaca, M. corescene, Lerema coyana, L. stacara, L. elgina, Padraona sartia, P. calcarea, P. radiata, Hes- peria sucova, H. altama, H. caligula, H. misera, Callimormus dizses, C. verames, Mnestheus petrovna, Cymenes nux, C. dubitans, C. inter- media, C. occulta, Flaccilla coatepeca, F. ergola, Thracides orusca, T. bajula, T. biserta, Perichares triplaga.
Stnpo, Micuiraro. <A Review of the Japanese Species of
Surf-Fishes or Embiotocide.—No. 1260. February 26,
(See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
——. A Review of the Pediculate Fishes or Anglers of
Japan.——No- 1261. February 26, 19021. _.-/.-.--......- (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
IX
Page
353-359
361-381
1 Date of publication.
EP. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS.
SNYDER, JOHN OTTERBEIN. A Review of the Discobolous
Fishes of Japan.-—No. 1259. February 10, 1902*__-_____- (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
A Review of the Gobioid Fishes of Japan, with
Descriptions of Twenty-one New Species.—No. 1244.
September 25; 1901S i. 225 oes ee Se ee ee (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
A Review of the Gymnodont Fishes of Japan.— Nola... Noventber 30,190 S55. ieee ae ae ore (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
A Review of the Hypostomide and Lophobranchiate
Fishes of Japan.—No. 1241. September 27, 1901?-_----- (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
A Review of the Labroid Fishes and Related Forms
Found in the Waters of Japan.—No. 1266. May 2, 1902*_- (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
A Review of the Salmonoid Fishes of Japan.— No: 265. = IManeh, 25. sl O02 tiie we pees eee ae paths 2 Bit (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
A Review of the Trachinoid Fishes and their Sup-
posed Allies Found in the Waters of Japan.—No. 1263.
Mareh-28 31000 tees ce WE Ae ae ee ee (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
Stanton, Trmorny W. Chondrodonta, a New Genus of Ostreiform Mollusks from the Cretaceous, with Descrip- tions of the Genotype and a New Species.—No. 1257. December. 30, 19012 on se Be ees eee
New genus: Chondrodonta. New species; Chondrodonta glabra. Srarks, Epwin Cuaprn. <A Review of the Atherine Fishes of Japun.—No. 1250. Octobercie looses a= ees (See also under Jordan, David Starr.)
STEARNS, Ropert E. C. The Fossil Fresh-Water Shells of the Colorado Desert, their Distribution, Environment, and Variation.—No. 1256. December 28, 1901*.__...__._-.-
STEJNEGER, LeonHarD. A New Species of Bullfrog from Florida and the Gulf Coast.—No. 1252. October 4, 1901'-
New species: Rana grylio.
1 Date of publication.
Page.
343-351
33-132
229-264
1-20
595-662
567-593
461-497
301-307
199-206
271-299
211-215
TABLE OF CONTENTS. XI
STEJNEGER, LEoNHARD. An Annotated List of Batrachians and Reptiles Collected in the Vicinity of La Guaira, Vene- zuela, with Descriptions of Two New Species of Snakes.— Meee CO Nor eet ede oe Se 179-192
New species: Phrynonax lyoni, Pseudoboa robinsoni. Wuitr, Davin. Two New Species of Alge of the Genus
Buthotrephis, from the Upper Silurian of Indiana. No. Pare OVeMiero. 100K. . oe So OS ede oe ae 265-270
New species: Buthotrephis divaricata, B. newlini.
' Date of publication.
iS On thbnUstRA TIONS.
TEXT FIGURES.
Page (0 ESE TGER ATES Eas ane SS iia ae A gc ee a pay AOE er 38 MEER DCR CRED Ge, AR) eee We iatale cs ciccis Seteetee oe ie ecieiek See Meee Sacee -aemoee 40 [SESS UMASS OS SSO Ce ROE Se nS ee a a ae 51 Oc ye RSI ee ete SR pa oe eae eg ee 53 SME IPERINAL Se io oh. oe aL ise awa cis nasa See one hota en eta ceoeee ase s 5d MOURNE TINUE are ee oe Oe eo SiS Sees cee a noe no eeeeie s Sern 59 IE EOE IIL tL CLUGE eos tS ee SS ones meta greee earee etwas 60 © ECE 0010 a eRe I py a li a ae ee ee 62 SPST RR ENMU TPIS ete esate aon oi nie raise Aas Sosy x 80m alas ae I ee GS a nw aha alan Shela, 3 Sve 64 MMIII CR et cg Pe oe ia ES esas Se clt as at ece slew as th yoses 68 SNR (UE OOTIE? SSeS eee Sarees ied Ae eee re See eee eae 70 MRE i Lit s ewer 2e.n ice ocaee = ae Se ciaw Ha Sotho sec sest see. tessa 73 WMeenOGOULUSMOACTOONGINOS — 2-2-2 c0ce = 22--- 2 eee ae ese ayes Sere eee aa (ET EEA E 2 CG Re a eg er ee 81 ds Re SRO YDS Sea ESE ee op ees i ee A oe ee ee ne PLE SE 83 BE OG CROU RMI US crs Re air aca ooe Jos ove Saienica aes cceeccesneees 85 EUS POU ISS en ee er ree 92 IPE ICT CN ee Se Be cies eto eiSe= ace sce mee.cee <emses ae one 94 ES COLON PLCS oe tat Sis ee = aa nia a eo Sain nels Se Refine Siac ceawe ewe 95 MM ITIZONCOIOS 2. amare enc Spies ares sm am wo See eiie ooe cecnclewiew cence ooh cece sie 97 (TURRETS (RACUIIILD Re os SS SR Oe Pres A sa a fer eee ee ne eee oe 100 0 MLN, GGT TEES a ae SR ae ee eee ore ere 108 REESE AT VALU SEL ey eine Ses mols oat aie ta line elo sen hes A een Aaa tae 111 OMS a Rm mail tee as anit wa clf eases oases 1 eS a eRe OS ciseee 116 MADRE RC LONE a mn ata a at ae ai Permian einer ania Slee sei ala ore eee 118 oes TBE yeh LE Re SS eR ae gy Ae I eS ee ee eee ee LO) ETRE UES Ae ee a OA Sa eee ae 2 ea eRe ate iears 121 pS OE OL SAS GBA a OS IOC Ee SEE a SEE IIe te eR ees 122 Ma OL ere 2 Soa ae ae ieee = Be ei oon ea aie win ee 124 meunfosobius guiaius (elongate example)... ...-..----=--..---------+-------- 124 ERAN ECS AC aan sme eon eee e None Sansa anos ce eens 126 arte eer a eis ioe oiale a ne aia. = See tn iain seni =e 127 DML ECP CUE ee a toe omen ab ais cose ny Reins cs aseen alec - seme ss 129 Superior and inferior views of type specimen of Mancalla californiensis (figs. 1 and 2); corresponding portion of left humerus of Lomvia troile californica, BeEeannnenarced (tO) G))2o. sone. ee o ea oss en nec o scot -S-5 ee eeesie 134 MUA Crp RA a 2a. fsa amos seas dota scone cee set! 183 Leite l00U CLMALED SS BE Bee oO ae Cee eae ee eee 184 PRE ORMC Mae POH! ee kee See eters eer ae aierainins eo wicie aS seisaie en cie'os > = 05 185 Renn riees) 8 25 Paes i 2 fob eet ge ccegcaciee toes 32 estes 186 BeMeeRran eo (otivna eos 858 a5 boon c nk thi wade evden btesce ++ -se8 187
XIV LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page. Cletig dohata (8. figs.) oscsscscsccdeeccstoweeen meee use as een sence ase ee 187 Gletia semiaiicla (8 figs.) scscancoacestsSoeceeweeeeeseaecee=eesa— eee 188 Pseudoboa newwiedtt (5 figs) oo. co~ceaeneeencwseasen en aieeesanemedcans see ae 189 ‘Pseudovoa.robinsont:. (Sihigs:))- Soe soas oe aeo eet ewicceeenee aac erecee seers 190 Onybelis acuminoius (3 BGs.) 2 2s. os<2asies aoe en eee ae eoe een eee Sane 191 Leplognathus variegaius (3 figs.) 22.22. 252s. cescoecctenn eases sense e a eee 192 Athering woodward = 2.6 << non oes sipasc acct camcete acs pee canes eeeeee see 200 PAT ENUNG ISUTUGE sos 2 own Soc e scicee <ieoe «soe aeee cine sie maie seals Sees eee 202 cAtherionClyMUS 25. asta con dese sece wal oan aie Seeee See eee eee see eee eee 204 WSO flOS-MGT8 5 2s Sede sees c's ace a See eee ise ele rae ee eee ee 205 Diagrammatic ontlines of hind feet of Rana catesbeiana and Rana grylio, the former in solid lines:and. the latter’ dotted/ “<= 22 --- 2.2. 52.--e5-s25 5-5 eee 213 Spheroides stictonotus ( Nagasakt ) 22.2 2. aes oe see = ee ee ee ee 236 Spheroides stictonotus (Hakodate))...-.-,- cess ss —= + <sose ea eee 236 Spneroules Qb0Nt--c 222 ieee aeons eee st ebisc. sasue aogeet eee ~ 240 ISPRETOLACS CROSCUTUS 2.2 ccae sec oenesae . comin sae eeaeee eS ee eee 242 Sphenoides Dorcalig. 2-22 = o-oo a a a a ee eee 245 Sphercides niphobles 2... LosSeee sea jas caan selec eae ee ae eee ee 247 Spheroides chrysopsyo. <5 22a so 3. score cae sees eee ase ne eae eee 249 Hetraodon Meleagriss. 2s cacews oa ~~ soso s niece sieitinc sce siete ee eee eee 253 PAT HIUGOUCO TOLEO) a asave tater a\arate ace oe mere = ee 276 Amnicola longingua. (Gould)... s- 522.52 s2an- nS osss oases ee 285 Huminicola-coumibiang (temphill) oo. 502.52-sceecenser ==) en ae eee eee 285 Ammnicoia micrococcus (Pilsbry ) \..<c222s-5<chaeee aos esse as - == ee eee 286 Fluminicola merriami (Pilsbry and Beecher) ....--.-.---------------2s--s4-- 286 Anodonta californiensis (Lea) somewhat reduced -.-...-.-------------------- 287 Panorbis trivoivis Say (original)... 22-22-20 obsess eees eee 296 Planorbis trivolis Say distorted (original) ...:.-- 2-222 -----2<s-552-ee ea ee 296 . Pianorbisammon: (Gould) 2.222.222.5252 -555.1-6 jane eecee=e =. ee ee 296 SIGENOMNEIMUS OWE aoe ca es ons Sosioe ae eee Ses eae ots se ome eiae nate ee ete eee eee 345 Crystuas MASUSMIML. «- =o. oon s See oes wens manlanemes siecle Sane e a eee 550 UNCOGUTEMIG, TORBONNEN om. 5 coce moos tock. ceases eacate eee aE Ee ee 356 TAME LEMUMUNENY sania io = aan ins aia cinco w nie nin Sloe Siela esata ere 308 TE OPTAOMUS TLULON «02.052 sccie oe cee newee cess teecesccseees ese en ee eee eae 365 JEU NOLO ES SS Ene Se omec Sade Ao So 7 368 CrOBRYNE TONING «<2 = <= = on cata om ales Syria ye eee lee a epee 370 ARON TOPTUS SCYUPUSSINUS .... J20cssecet aan eee oe See eee ne ae eee 374 PAT CHNETUUS SONQUILUUS...-- o- -'5 so css sono ee ake ae oe ee ee 375 ANECNNONUUS NOU 2 Cobo soon seco abe ces aee se coe eee ee oe eee eee eee 376 IMEMRODSIS POTCUG clos oo 5-2 saws tecsonemen eee «oedebmnied ccaeecns sauce eee 379 IRGROMERCISOMMOLUN OS 2 xo a -.n3 ooo ne fone ae See eee eee eee 465 PIER ODSATON. CUOLONS =. = oan =o 3 ove ese ooo eee aoe eee ee eee eee 471 SPICROPSUTON VERECUNGUM... 2-020 5-ce ccece eco eae eee ee ee Maemo. 472 VAGISCOMUSDUTTUS <.— oo.os = oo on 2 wn oe lols Seni e ee eee ae ale ee 479 GROIN PODS ROPKINSL. << oo... -c0cs So - See nce cone eee neat eee 493 CROLRY PODS CVE MOBI «0. 0. ow eo cee cee nee ects eee ee eee eee 494 ILQUAMMSUMIO Sone mixin sno soni = ss oo = 3s Hoe cee ee oee oe eee eee eee eae 495 Qncorlnjmchus masou . 5222-222 +See aso ose ee ee eee eee 572 OnCOTRYNCNUS Ct... cosa = rs 05 oo 3 Scion Soin te eae ae ee ee eee eee eee eee 573 EIUGCHO DIGCKIStONY.- = 5 = << 50 22 53s once ss os See eee See ae eee ee eee 580 Pleeogiossus altiwels (from Formosa). ....2: -cssasccseeeneseen-eeeeeees = eee 585 PA MERTIIL MAGOSNUNE <2 5 aot a car 5 = 35 25 cas An ee ee re ee 590
IPOMUACERETUS. CLOSES boinc cs eo dees ec eee oe ee eee ee 603
* LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XV
Page EE CRN ee ole ere oo me Siainin inicio ve cicchaaecin/aaeinwie ec cce cess 618 AIRES RE ee ee ae a 620 memmcossphus reiculatus (very young)..-.-..------------.-=-------s---e see 622 I MEIERLER Se ere ee ee eye omain ew casis Paces s nine a cecae =o SiS Jecnkes 630 ETE no sla eine el wie aoe ee neste sete Seca eases 632 INTL Ore et oe ae ia emaitae akan soca ocles cic oe ctehe= ses 633 REED CU LPEMPCOMMUUUSE aioe ae sete oe sae sean nicl ne mcioee sce etal aes eee 640 0S CGT SASS Re SESE 8 See See ea ee ee a a aera ee aes ee ee eS 642 SMM UACHUTUNCKU ae Naa eae Meee ahem es eSu aS be Coke Selec eek 652
Outline map of the Andaman and Nicobar islands and neighboring regions... 753
PLATES.
Facing page. a2, BOIS CTT GTNG Ll ee See oR Se Re Re 20 EISOLEROSLOMUS CYONOPUCTUS, <2.0.ca'< <cJonn nana ace ce cne csc ee ees So Hemel 20 PMO IIIS DO OCOOLUS -= 5am oreo bose Soe wee soc ee eeoSesccSee dees 20 MEM LOUCRULYS ISIS RUS 2 a cca nan See eats acs ees esl eh tee snes 20 RE ORME aa mca eis So elace aise sewas ace aoe ~ veee ce esc oS 20 SE MCA MIS TIRUCENUUS 2 = = sic a tse ona s sats se esac ceed tens soces 20 ES NRRATCE CIC] SUN GY2 [0 Oi > ERLE ke er 20 ERI MNNAMN DUS HETTVMNUS 3c 2-2 35-32 co 0 Sass see Soc see eesti stn seete 20 REMUS IOPONICUS = 2-22. 5 Siac ake eeecsad onc ccacs. oka ns- 2s 20 SEE PNINE DIES SURMONIS a= oa tia as oh ee ete eee aes bccesccssena ss 20 SPER NV UCHMUUS ORONMICEY (a2 ay So Ses eas seme cachet ni towels 20 SNE OR Clie NCLEOM CG 35-25. 5255806 = oo 2 Sone ss 2552 b 2 sie kes ees 2s 198 femoome aracknida irom Porto Rico. -.< 222 52.525..h.ccnsliecsene esse 228 imaenuinomrepms divaricata. David White. ...-2..=-.--2+-.--+--25-+--.06 270 meee buthoircphisnewlint. David White ..:.-..-...-::.2-----ss2i--0.-2-- 270 av aricties Of Paludestrina protea. Gould .--..-...:.:.:-.--2---.------ 300 SEEN RICAN IS PCCION OFF MY Ss < .tocehc-5-sheeseee Sec aSose net-seGeteeee 300 PEEUAriAIOHS GL GeSerb PRYSIAG. ooo s5= o> <2 asi ges ee eee ccc ole ce cecee 300 memeronaroaomea munsont..(HHaill’) .. 3. 2 5222222 eth tee eee ects tee. 308 emenondragane-guaeord.s.- Stanton. ....-2-<-2.5<---s2--22222-2cbn nee ece 308 meruimonata, chietly North American. ......------+-s--.-+--2-<------- 566 PESO CREA. PUMNONA t= \o55 occ cseaec sme sost neces sS sane cect edeceseces 566 SME at A MEeTrICatl! SAStrOPOdS...--o20-n-S2-~'2~.-254-5-0--osc----- chee kee 566 Serbia; American pelecy pods =. 22... ..----2---sc0c-i 84-2 2 5eene- eee 566 33. Argonauta expansa, Dall, Gulf of California ....-....-......--------.- 566 DEES American: PASLTOPOUS <=. 2see soc cso dtwe eco sable nce l ye bde wane 566 (8 PSTRCN SAT CG Ta 010 A ee a eg 566 See en american castropods —. 23... 52----s-s6--24-3-----5-5-0cseene 8 566 Pest American pelecy POUSa. soso. s. <2soca--sshsol-.e- see oce else ce 566 ae eamdaman and Nicobar Mammals ......-...-:-------------.<-2-+---- 796
43. Homes of (1) Otocoris alpestris praticola, Wooster, Ohio; and (2) O. a. leucolema, Staked Plains, near Dimmitt, Texas ............-.....-. 884
44. Homes of Ofocoris alpestris leucolema. (1) Near Stillwater, Nevada; ipwoyape Mountaims, Nevada. 52-520 s-22.2522602..2.).2.2-.-5--- 884
45. Homes of (1) Otocoris alpestris giraudi, shore of Matagorda Bay, Texas; and (2) O. a. adusta, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona ....-.--------- 884 46. Mapi. Distribution of the genus Otocoris .......-:.--------.------- 884 47. Map 2. Breeding areas of new world Otocoris -.....-........-------- 884. 48-49. Maps 3-4. Breeding areas of old world Otocoris ........-....-------- 884 BEENCIA TONING MIGHEOTILE§ 952 oo ks oe ee ok cece ee eons ene ie ihe Bae 914
56. Outline map of Kansas, showing meteorite finds and falls.........-.-- 914
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A REVIEW OF THE HYPOSTOMIDE AND LOPHOBRAN- CHIATE FISHES OF JAPAN.
By Davip Starr JORDAN and JOHN OTTERBEIN SNYDER, Of the Leland Stanford Junior University.
The present paper contains a review of the Hypostomide and Lopho- branchiate fishes of Japan, the families Pegasidee, Solenostomide, Syngnathide, and Pegasidee. It is based on specimens obtained in Japan by the authors in the summer of 1900, a series of duplicates being in the United States National Museum, and upon the collection of Japanese fishes in the United States National Museum, as well as upon specimens collected by the United States Fish Commission Steamer ° Albatross.
In this work we have had the efficient aid of Mr. Michitaro Sindo, who has carefully compared and measured all the recorded specimens.
Suborder HYPOSTOMIDES.
Body covered with bony plates, anchylosed on the trunk, movable on the tail. Gill cover formed by a large plate corresponding to the opercle, preopercle, and subopercle. One rudimentary branchiostegal. Gills four, lamellated: Ventral fins abdominal. Dorsal and anal short, of soft rays only. No pseudobranchivw or air-bladder. This group contains a single family; fantastic little fishes of the Asiatic seas. [
(v0, below; @TO“a, mouth.)
Family 1. PEGASID.
Body broad, much depressed, covered with bony plates; mouth small, below a prolonged snout, its margin formed by the premaxil- laries; no teeth; suborbital ring well developed, forming a suture with the gill cover. Pectorals broad, very laree, placed horizontally; ventrals well behind the pectorals, not far from the vent, of one or two rays, one of them very long; tail four angled, the short dorsai
PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VoL. XXIV—No. 1241. rou. WN. MM. vol. xxiv—01——1 mt
2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
and anal placed on it opposite to each other. Caudal small. Vertebree few; no ribs. Intestinal canal short. East Indies.
a. Pectoral! rays equally slender, none of them spine-like; tail short, of stout rings, not taperine and tlattenedsposte no rly aes eee Zalises. 1
1. ZALISES Jordan and Snyder, new genus Zalises JORDAN and SNYDER, new genus (draconis).
The genus contains those species of Pegasidw which have the tail short and not attenuate and compressed toward the tip, and in which the pectoral rays are all slender and simple, none of them spine-like. East Indies. (Ca@An, surf; ons, moth. )
1. ZALISES UMITENGU Jorddn and Snyder, new species. UMITENGU. (Plates bp 0) Pegasus draconis IsaikAwa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p.5, Boshu Kii (not of Linnzeus).
Head 2% in length; width, posterior to pectorals, 33. D.5; A. 5; P.10; V.2. Vent midway between front of eye and base of caudal fin. Tail of 8 rings. Trunk gibbous, the median depressed part divided by three cross-ridges; obtuse tubercles at the meeting points of the lengthwise and cross ridges of the back; nape with two deep pits; first, second, fourth, and fifth tail rings each with a compressed spine directed backward; pectoral 3 in body, as long as from tip of snout to nuchal pits; fifth pectoral ray not enlarged; snout prolonged, longer than in any other species, its length from eye 5 in body, the part before the mouth more than twice as long as broad, with a finely serrated edge on the dilated blade on each side; distance from middle of shoulder girdle to tip of snout, 24 in total length (84 in P. draconis).
Color brownish, finely marked with darker. The snout and the last two caudal rays black; pectoral with fine brown dots on the rays, the outer part of the fin paler.
Seas of Japan, here described from a dried specimen, 75 millimeters long, from the province of Kili (Wakanoura), presented by the Imperial Museum of Tokyo.
Type.—No. 6518, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum.
The species closely resembles 2. draconis of the East Indies, but differs from descriptions and figures in the longer and narrower snout, and rather longer tail. Other specimens supposed to be the same are in the collection from Boshu (near Misaki), and another from Kii.
(Umi, sea; Tengu, a long-nosed god of a humorous nature, in Jap- anese mythology.)
'The fifth pectoral ray is enlarged and spine-like in the genus Pegasus (P. volitans Linneeus). The tail is elongate, the posterior rings flattened and compressed in the genus Parapegasus Dumeéril, type, P. natans Bloch.
NO. 1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 3)
Order rOrnOB RANE Ell: THE LOPHOBRANCHS.
Gills tufted, not laminated, composed of small rounded lobes attached to the gill arches. Interclavicles well developed. Scapula suspended to the cranium by a post-temporal. Superior branchihyals and pharyn- geals, and basal branchihyals wanting or not ossified. Mouth very small, bounded above by the premaxillaries. Post-temporal simple, codssified with the cranium; basis of the cranium simple. Pectoral fins with elevated bases. Anterior vertebrae modified, the diapophyses much expanded. Air bladder simple, without air duct. Snout pro- duced, bearing the small toothless mouth at the end. Gill covers reduced to a large simple plate. Skin with bony plates. Muscular system little developed.
(Aodgos, crest: Bpayx, gill.)
FAMILIES OF LOPHOBRANCHII.
a. Spinous and soft dorsal present; ventral fins present; gill openings wide. SoLENOSTOMID.E. 2 aa. Spinous dorsal fin wanting; no ventral fins; gill openings narrow. SYNGNATHIDA. 3 Family 2. SOLENOSTOMID. Body compressed, the tail very short, the snout long, compressed. All parts covered with thin skin, below which is the dermal skeleton with star-like ossifications. Spinous dorsal short; soft dorsal and anal long, with elevated base; caudal long. Ventrals close together, inserted opposite spinous dorsal, each of seven rays; the fins free in the male; in the female adnate to the body forming a large pouch for the reception of the eggs. Branchiostegals 4, very thin. Intestinal canal very simple. Singular fishes of the Kast Indies, constituting a single genus.
2. SOLENOSTOMUS Laecépede. Solenostomus LAcEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1808, p. 36 (paradoxrus.)
Characters of the genus included above. (@@ANY, razor; TTOMA, mouth. )
a. Snout rather stout, its median depth 43 in its length; color pink, everywhere with fine brown spots; first dorsal with two large ovate black spots; caudal with SPE? fC) gk eee Ps Ge i aoa att te OT a ea cyanoplerus. 2
aa. Snout elongate, its median depth 6% in its length; color brownish, irregularly
mottled with orange; membrane of dorsal and caudal blotched with darker, the spots on first and second membranes of dorsal most distinct -.paradowus. 3
4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
2. SOLENOSTOMUS CYANOPTERUS (Bleeker). (Plate IL.)
Solenostomus paradoxus BureKker, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., Ill, p. 308, Hawaii, Ceram.—Kaup, Lophobranchiates, 1856, p. 2, Ile of France, India, New Guinea (not of Pallas).
Solenostoma cyanopterum BiEEKER, Nat. Hist. Ned. Ind., VI, p. 506, Hawaii, Ceram.—GitnTHeER, Fishes of Zanzibar, p. 137, pl. xx, figs. 2, 3, Zanzibar; Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 151, Zanzibar, Ceram, China.—DumeEriz, Hist. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 497, New Guinea.
Head 24 in length; depth 5. D. V.-20; P. 27; V. 7; A. 19; C. 15. Depth of snout at middle 43 in its length. Eye 64 in snout; dorsal spines 2 in head; ventral equal to snout or a little more; caudal a little shorter than head. Caudal peduncle shorter than base of second dor- sal. Color pink, with small black dots like ink specks, scattered over head and upper part of body; eye red; fins pale, the spinous dorsal with two long black ocelli (said to be dark blue in life) on membranes of first and second spines, besides black dots, caudal with small inky spots like those on body, but more elongate, several of them drawn out into lines.
Japan to Zanzibar, occasionally northward in the Kuro Shiwo, doubtfully recorded from Hawaii. Known in Japan from a single adult female, taken at Boshu (Awa) by Dr. Kishinouye, and by him presented to Stanford University.
(xvaveos, blue; 7TEpor, fin.)
3. SOLENOSTOMUS PARADOXUS (Pallas).
(Plate IV.)
Fistularia paradoxa PALuas, Spicilegia, VIII, p. 32, pl. tv, fig. 6, Amboyna.— ScHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 1807, p. 114, pl. xxx, fig. 1 (copied).
Solenostomus paradoxus LAckPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1803, p. 36, copied.— Ricnarpson, Ichth. China, 1846, p. 203, Canton, after Chinese drawings.— DumeértL, Hist. Poiss., IJ, 1870, p. 497, Mauritius.
Solenostoma paradoxa GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 152, Amboyna.
Head 22 in length; depth 54. D. V.-21; P. 24; V. 7; A. 22. Depth of snout at its middle 6} in length. Eye 7 in snout; dorsal spines 14 in head; ventrals a little longer than snout; caudal a little longer than head; caudal peduncle a little more than 2 in base of second dorsal.
Color light brown, with irregular oblong spots of orange brown, each with a paler center, one series of these forming an irregular stripe from eye to caudal;-some darker blotches on snout and on ven- trals; two dark blotches with pale center between the dorsal fins; an oblong blackish blotch on each membrane of spinous dorsal, the first two most distinct, besides numerous other blotches; soft dorsal and anal mottled; caudal clouded with blackish.
7yo.1241. CHRTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 5
~ =
East Indies, north in the Kuro Shiwo to Japan. One fine adult female specimen presented to us by Dr. K. Kishinouye, taken at Boshu (Awa) with the preceding species. It is not certain that this species is the original paradowus of Pallas, but it is obviously nearer to it than the preceding.
(zapado&os, paradox.)
Family 3. SYNGNATHID. THE PIPE FISHES.
Body elongate, usually slender, covered with bony plates which are firmly connected, forming a bony carapace. Head slender, the snout long, tube-like, bearing the short toothless jaws at theend. Gill open- ings reduced to a small aperture behind the upper part of the opercle. Tail long, prehensile or not, usually provided with a small caudal fin. Male fishes with an egg pouch, usually placed on the under side of the tail, sometimes on the abdomen, commonly formed of two folds of skin which meet on the median line. The eggs are received into this pouch
and retained until sometime after hatching, when the pouch opens,
permitting the young to escape. Dorsal fin single, nearly median, of soft rays only; pectorals small, or wanting; ventrals, none; anal fin minute, usually present. Small fishes, found in all warm seas, some- times entering fresh waters.
Syngnathine:
a. Tail not prehensile, usually with a caudal fin; axis of head usually in line with axis of body. b. Humeral bones united. c. Pectoral fins present; caudal present. d. Male with the egg pouch under the tail, formed by lateral membranes which become connected along the middle, forming a closed pouch. e. Dorsal fin inserted over or just before the vent. jf. Base of the dorsal fin not raised above the level of the back. g. Opercle not crossed by a horizontal ridge; form slender. Syngnathus. 3. gg. Opercle crossed by a horizontal ridge; form rather robust, the Keehn er Tanyas ea gs) ee Dae Se Corythroichthys. 4. Sf. Base of dorsal fin raised above the level of the back. h. Snout elongate, not serrated nor spinulose; body slender; oper- Cletwithoubmridee .. 2 2os3sght asset obs. se Se Yozia. 5. hh. Snout short, rough or serrate above. i. Opercle without prominent ridge; body slender, without
heshivstlaps sis se Ss cee eel a3 195) Trachyrhamphus. 6 vi. Opercle with a prominent ridge; body stout, with fleshy flaps; forehead elevated; nape crested. - - - - Halicampus. 7.
ee. Dorsal fin placed at a considerable distance behind the vent; pec- toral and caudal fins very small; base of dorsal not elevated. Urocampus. 8.
6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Liippocampine: aa. Tail prehensile; caudal fin small; head shaped like that of a horse, placed at a large angle with axis of body; egg pouch at base of tail. i. Body depressed; shields smooth. .....-.---- Gasterotokeus. 9. vi. Body compressed.
j. Occiput without coronet; shields without tubercles. Acentronura. 10. jj. Oceiput with a narrow bony crest, surmounted by a coro- net; shields with tubercles or spines - -. Hippocampus. 11,
3. SYNGNATHUS! Linnaeus.
Syngnathus Lixnagus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1758, p. 337 (acus). Siphostoma RAFINESQUE, Caratteri Nuoyi Generi, 1810, p. 18 (pelagicus). Syngnathus Swarnson, Nat. Hist. Class’n. Anim., If, 1839, p. 332 (acus), and of authors generally; not of Linnaeus, as first restricted by Rafinesque. Dermatostethus Gruu, Proce. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 283 ( punctipinnis). ‘Body elongate, very slender, 6 or 7 angled, not compressed, taper- ing into a very long tail; the dorsal keels of the trunk not continuous with those of the tail. Head slender, tapering into a long tube-like, subterete snout, which bears the very short, toothless jaws at the end. Opercle without distinct ridge. Humeral bones firmly united with the ‘‘ breast ring.” Body covered with a series of bony, keeled, radi- ated plates, arranged in linear series. Dorsal fin distinct, rather short, inserted before or after the vent. which is near the middle of the body, its base not elevated above line of back; caudal fin present,
‘rather small; anal fin minute, close behind vent; pectorals developed,
short and rather broad. Male fishes with an egg pouch along the under side of the tail, formed by two cutaneous folds, and splitting lengthwise to release the young fishes. Species very numerous, inhabiting all warm seas; abounding in bays among the seaweeds, and entering the rivers. The females in most species are deeper than the males, with more robust trunk, with longer snout, and a more distinet ventral keel. (ovr, together; yvados, jaw.)
a. Snout slender, 13 in head; body rings about 19+ 40; dorsal rays about 37; body
slender; coloration plain! 22202 2225 Se 5 foe we ee te C1 AO cL mmet
1The genus Syngnathus of Linnaeus, originally equivalent to the modern family of Syngnathide, was first subdivided by Rafinesque in 1810. The name Siphostoma was given to S. pelagicus and its relatives, the Syngnathus of late writers; that of Tiphle to S. typhle, the Siphonostoma of late writers; while Syngnathus was retained for S. aequoreus and its relatives, the group now usually called Nerophis, the type of Nerophis being Syngnathus ophidion Linnaeus. This arrangement has been previously adopted by us, but it is open to two very serious objections besides the fact that it is contrary to the general usage, which makes acus the type of Syngnathus, in accord- ance with Swainson’s arrangement. These objections are (1) that Artedi, from whom Linnaeus accepted the genus Syngnathus, did not know of the existence of Syngnathus xquoreus, and (2) the statement of Linnaeus (which we have been unable to verify), that the type of each of his genera is the ‘‘ best known European or officinal species.” Syngnathus acus would meet this requirement, but not Syngna- thus equoreus, which had not then been found in Europe.
no.1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AN] SNYDER. 7
4. SYNGNATHUS SCHLEGELI (Kaup). YOJI-UWO (CHOPSTICK OR TOOTHPICK FISH).
Syngnathus tenvirostris SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 273, pl. cxx, fig. 5, Nagasaki (not of Rathke). Syngnathus schlegeli! Kaur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 46, Nagasaki, after Schlegel.— DumeritL, Hist. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 554. Siphostoma schlegeli JoRDAN and Snyper, Proc. U. S$. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 350, Tokyo. Syngnathus griseolineatus IsH1KAwa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 5, Kagoshima (not of Ayres). Head 2+ to 24 in trunk; head and trunk 14 to 12 in tail; rings 19+ 40 (18 to 20+ 39 to 48); dorsal rays 37 (85 to 41). Snout slender, 2 in head (12 to 1%). Egg peouch 1% to 1} in tail. Dorsal inserted opposite the vent, or very slightly in sdganee of it, covering 8 or 9 rings; depth of body 43 to 4% in head. The specimens from Aomori are more slender, the depth 5 to 6 in head. Color light or dark brownish, frequently with small whitish dots. Bays of Japan. Exceedingly common from Hokkaido to Nagasaki. Our many specimens from Otaru, Mororan, Hakodate, Aomori, Mat- sushima, Tokyo, Misaki, Wakanoura, Tsuruga, and Onomichi. North- ern examples are slightly slenderer, with rather longer snout, and the number of rings more often approaches the maximum. No tangible distinction is, however, apparent. (Named for Professor Schlegel, of Leyden, the learned author of the volume on fishes in the Fauna Japonica.) AZ CORY Li RO ETS) Kearuip:
Corythroichthys Kaur, Lophobranchiates, 1856, p. 25 (albirostris).
This genus is composed of stout-bodied roughish pipe-fishes, in which the opercle is crossed by a horizontal ridge, and the base of the dorsal fin is not elevated. Top of head keeled; dorsal rays and body rings rather few. Tropical.
(kopvdpos, crown; tyOUs, fish.)
a. Snout short, about 2 in head; body rings about 17 + 35; dorsal rays about 29; body
robust with marked angles; color olive, with dark bars; sides of head with black Mireaksulinodi with blacks bardi222 aes oe sn sees esse San seoe ets ol isigakius. 5.
5. CORYTHROICHTHYS ISIGAKIUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate V.)
Head 7% in length; 24 in trunk; depth 23 in head; snout 24; eye 5; dorsal 27, on 6 rings; anal 4; rings 16+-35.
Body short, rather thick; snout very slender, about as long as rest of head, straight, subterete in form ae not eu a crest on each
ee schlegeli Gites ts ein seems to be a different fish. D. 40; osseous rings 19 + 44 to 46; tail more than thrice length of trunk, ete.
8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
side of head above eyes; interorbital space deeply concave; a promi- nent median crest of 3 lobes; opercle with a keel and a covered ridge above it; ridges of body strongly developed; neither the dorsal nor the lateral keels of body connected with dorsal keels of tail.
Dorsal inserted just- posterior to anal opening; caudal contained 3 times in head.
Color light gray, with numerous diffuse dark cross bands, arranged in pairs, a black dot at edge of each plate on dorsal keel; sides of head with three black longitudinal streaks, the lowest below eye; throat below with a black median streak, behind which are three black cross bars, these bars wanting in one specimen. Described from the type, No. 6519, Leland Stanford Junior University collection, taken at Yaeyama, Ishigaki Island, Riukiu group, by Capt. Alan Owston.
Other examples from the same locality measure as follows: Head 2} to 22 in trunk; head and trunk 11 to 14 in tail; rings 16+34 to 36; D. 27 to 29. Length 110 to 150 millimeters.
(Ishigaki, stone-fence in Japanese.)
5. YOZIA Jordan and Snyder, new genus: Yozia JORDAN and SNYDER, new genus (wakanoure).
This genus is closely allied to Zrachyrhamphus, with which it agrees in the elevated base of the dorsal fin. The snout is, however, essentially as in Syngnathus, elongate and without serrations above.
( Yoj/-wvo, or toothpick tish, the Japanese name for all pipe-fishes. )
6. YOZIA WAKANOURZ Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate VI.)
?Syngnathus coarctatus BuEEKrER, Fischf. Amboyna, 1857, p. 99, Amboyna.— DumeriL, Hist. Poiss, II, 1870, p. 569, Amboyna.
? Syngnathus zanzibarensis GUNTHER, Fishes Zanzibar, 1866, p. 140, pl. xx, fig. 5, Zanzibar; Coll. Lieut. Playfair; Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 168, Zanzibar, China.
Head 24 in trunk; head and trunk 14 in tail; rings 24+59. D. 27; P. 16; C. 5. Snout more than half head, equal to distance from front of eye to posterior edge of front ring, which is very near tip of pectoral. Eye 4 in snout, 2 in postorbital space. Snout slender, its upper edge smooth. Interorbital space rather broad, concave; occiput and nape with a low, roughish median ridge, or keel, posteriorly; a low keel above opercle; trunk rather deeper than broad, slightly swollen at the middle under the elevated base of dorsal fin; depth of body 43 in head, 47 in total length. No spines. Vent below middle of dorsal, which stands on six rings.
Color very dark brown, with lighter and darker marblings.
One female specimen, 265 millimeters long, taken by Jordan and Snyder at Wakanoura. (Type, No. 6517, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum.) We describe it as new with some doubt, as the East Indian forms coarctata and zanztharensis are very close to it.
.
no.1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 9
It agrees very ploceh: oe Bie Ganiher s Sascounit of zanz Hbrirens Be itictanding the wide difference in locality. From Duméril’s account of coarctata it differs in the slightly longer snout and greater nuchal keel. Duméril regards Zanzibarensis as identical with Syngna- thus coarctatus from Amboyna, which may be correct. In)” coarctata the rings are 22 + 59 to 63; D. 30; P. 19; occiput not keeled.
6. TRACHYRHAMPHUS Kaup.
Trachyrhamphus Kaur, Lophobranchiates, 1856, p. 25 (serratus Kaup, not of Schlegel. )
This genus is very close to Syngnathus, from which it-differs in hav- ing the base of the dorsal elevated, forming a slight protuberance on the back, and in having the upper edge of the snout serrated. Japan.
(rpayxvs, rough; paugos, snout.)
7. TRACHYRHAMPHUS SERRATUS (Schlegel).
Syngnathus serratus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 272, pl. cxx, fig. 4, Nagasaki.—B.erKker, Verh. Bat. Gen., Nalez, X XV, p. 55, Japan.—Gin- THER, Cat. Fishes, VIII, 1870, p. 167, North China, Siam.—Dumertin, Hist. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 5388, Macao.—Day, Fishes of India, p. 677, pl. cLxxim1, fig. 4.—Nysrrom, Handl. Svensk. Vet. Akad., 1887, p. 47, Nagasaki.—Day, Fish. Brit. India, IJ, p. 461.
Trachyrhamphus cultrirostris Prerers, Monatsber, Ak. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, p. 710 (said to be a young example).
Head 4 to 44 in trunk; head and trunk 12 in tail. Rings 23 or 24+ 46 to 48. Dorsal rays 26 to 28; pectoral 15 or 16; caudal 9. Snout 24 in head. Eye 14 in snout, 2 in postorbital part of head.
Snout strongly serrated above, on its basal two-thirds. Interorbital space broad, with the orbital ridges prominent, smooth; occiput and nape witha median ridge. Opercle finely radiated. Lateral line bent downward, passing into the edge of abdomen. Body scarcely deeper than broad; shields without spines. Vent nearly below middle of dor- sal fin, which stands on six rings. Base of dorsal elevated; egg pouch 14 to 2 in tail. Color dark brown, plates with paler edges; body faintly banded in rings; neck below with dark cross-bands. Length about 300 millimeters.
Coasts of Japan and China; rather common. Known to us from numerous specimens from Yokohama, Wakanoura, and Nagasaki; the present description from specimens from Wakanoura (Serratus, serrate.)
7. HALICAMPUS Kaubp. Halicampus Kaur, Lophobranchii, 1856, p. 22, (conspicillatus Kaup, not of Jenyns. ) This genus agrees with Zrachyrhamphus in the serrated snout and in the elevated base of the dorsal fin. The snout is thin and short, set
10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
with rows of small spines distinctly separated from the high forehead and elevated orbits. Nape and breast with comb-like crest. Dorsal fin short. Angles of body rough, furnished with fleshy tags. East Indies.
(@As, sea; Kapros, caterpillar.)
8. HALICAMPUS KOILOMATODON (Bleeker).
Halicampus conspicillatus Kaur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 22, ‘‘India,’? New Holland (not of Jenyns).
Halicampus grayi Kaur, Manuscript British Museum, ‘‘India,’’ (noted by Kaup in synonymy).
Syngnathus koilomatodon BuEEeKer, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Nederl., Japan, V. p. 10, pl. 1, fig. 1, Nagasaki. Specimen 4 inches long.
Syngnathus grayi GéNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 169, after Kaup’s type of uncertain locality, possibly Australia.
D. 20. Rings 18+ 35. Base of dorsal fin elevated. Snout less than half head, with series of minutes spines; forehead high, its pro- file abruptly descending toward snout. Occiput and neck elevated into a crest; eyes large, prominent; edge of orbit rough. Opercle with radiating striz and a strong ridge bent upward; humerus with a trihedral prominence. Body not deeper than broad; shields without spines, but the ventral edges of the caudal rings forming a pouch horizontally dilated. Tail half longer than the body. Vent below middle of dorsal, which stands on four rings. Caudal very small. Egg pouch half length of tail. A deep brown spot on side of fourth body ring. (Giinther.)
Coasts of Japan and southward, rare; recorded from Nagasaki by Bleeker. Not seen by us. We use the name o7lomatodon as being prior to the adoption of gray by any author, and also as its type is certainly of Japanese origin. (KoiA@pa, a hallowed place; odors, tooth.)
8. UROCAMPUS Gunther: Urocampus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p.179 (manus).
Pipe-fishes, with the dorsal on the tail far behind the vent. Body elongate, compressed, with distinct longitudinal ridges; upper edge of trunk continuous with that of tail; lateral line continuous with lower caudal edge. ‘Tail elongate, very slender, quadrangular, tapering, the last rings very small; pectoral developed. Dorsal entirely on the tail.
g 2 ] ] J
(ovpa, tail; Kapzros, abbreviation for Hippocampus. )
g. UROCAMPUS RIKUZENIUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate VII.)
Head 113 in length, 24 in trunk; depth 23 in head; snout 24; eye 63; dorsal 16, on 5 rings; anal rings 11+ 59. :
Body short; the depth anterior to anal opening about equal to length of snout; tail long, very slender, tapering to an extremely small caudal
no.1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 1
peduncle. Snout scarcely lower than forehead; its depth equal to diameter of eye; chin with two slender barbels, slightly longer than diameter of eye. Supraorbital ridges converging to median ridge of snout; lateral ridges of snout converging above at the tips. Opercle with divergent strizw, a ridge near the middle and one along its upper edge. Occiput with a low, three-lobed, median ridge. Dorsal keels of body continuous with those of tail; lateral keels of body continuous with the ventrolateral keels of tail; median line of belly with a high, narrow keel; under part of tail with a low ridge.
Distance from dorsal to vent 5% times in tail; the height of dorsal about equal to depth of tail at base of fin; its base with a low ridge. Length of pectoral somewhat greater than the diameter of eye. Anal very small. Caudal minute, scarcely discernible.
Color dark brown, with white spots along the edges of each ring, these more conspicuous on tail, forming cross-bands; a dark streak along median line of belly.
A single-specimen 119 millimeters long, type No. 6520 Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, taken in Matsushima Bay. It is very close to Urocampus nanus, described from a single female speci- men from Manchuria; but that species has the rings 11+ 50, appar- ently no barbels, a smooth operculum, and no anal fin, characters which, if authentic, may be of generic value.
(Rikuzen, the province in which Sendai and Matsushima are located.)
9WGAS TH ROTOK EUs) Heekel.
Gasterotokeus Hecke, in Kaup, Lophobranchiate Fish, 1856, p.18 (biaculeatus). Syngnathoides Burrxer, Nat. Tydskr. Ned. Ind., I], p. 259 (bloch7).
General form of Syngnathus, but the tail finless and prehensile. Body depressed, the lateral line running along the margin of the abdomen. Shields smooth. Tail shorter than the rest of the body. Pectorals present. Males carrying the eggs embedded in the soft membrane of the abdomen without a pouch.
(vaornp, belly; ToKos, foetus.)
10. GASTEROTOKEUS BIACULEATUS (Bloch).
Syngnathus biaculeatus Buocn, Ichthyol., IV, 1787, p. 10, pl. cxxt, figs. 1, 2, Kast Indies.
Gasterotokeus biaculeatus Kaur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 19, Canton, Malayan Fishes, 1850, p. 387.—GtnrneEr, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 194, Zanzibar, Seychelles, Singapore, Amboyna, Celebes, Philippines, *China Sea, Cape York.— Dumerit, Hist. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 528; Amboyna, Nias, China, Red Sea, Zanzibar, Madagascar.—GiLL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, p. 149; Shimoda.—Isuikawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 4, Miyakoshima.
Gasterotoceus biaculeatus, Day, Fish. India, pp. 6, 81, pl. cixxiv, fig. 5; Fish. Brit. India, II, p. 467.
Syngnathus tetragonus GMELIN, Syst. Nat., I, 1788, p. 1453, after Bloch.
Syngnathoides blochii Buerxer, Nat. Tydskr. Ned. Ind., II, p. 259.
Solegnathus blochii BLerKer, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXV, p. 24.
1? PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Rings 18 + 45 to 55. D. 40 to 45; P. 17 to 28. Head 2 in trunk; tail shorter than trunk. A more or less distinct space on upper margin of orbit. A blunt prominence on occiput. Origin of dorsal nearly opposite vent, its base covering ten rings; usually a small barbel on mandible; adult sometimes with minute filaments along lower side of head, body, and tail. (Giinther.)
Color pale green or brown, orange below, a pale spot edged with vermilion on each body-ring; lower side of head with dark markings. (Day.)
East Indies, common, rarely north to Japan; one specimen taken at Shimoda by Commodore Perry’s expedition; a specimen from Miyako- -shima in the Imperial Museum of Tokyo; none taken by us. (07s, two; aculea, spine. )
10. ACENTRONURA Kaup. Acentronura Kaur, Lophobranchiates, 1856, p. 18 (gracilissima) .
Small slender sea-horses, without coronet. Trunk slightly com- pressed; tail prehensile and finless. Occiput compressed into a crest, without coronet. Shields without spines. Pectoral fins present. Edge of trunk continuous with that of tail. Egg pouch as in //ppo- campus, at base of tail.-
(a—, without; Kévtporv, spine; oupa, tail.)
11. ACENTRONURA GRACILISSIMA (Schlegel).
Hippocampus gracilissimus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., p. 274, pl. cxx, fig. 6, Nagasaki.
Acentronura gracillima Kaur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 18, Nagasaki (rings 42 to 45).— GinrueR, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 198, after Schlegel.—Dumerit, Hist. Nat. Poiss. II, 1870, p. 527, after Schlegel.—? Day,! Fish. India, p. 681, pl. cLxxv1, fig. 1; ? Fish. Brit. India, II, p. 467, Andamans.—Nysrrom, Hand]. Svensk. Vet. Akad., 1887, p. 47, Nagasaki.
Head 1% in trunk; head and trunk 1$ in tail; rings 13+ 45 or 46°
(41 to 45, Day). _D. 16; ‘P. 12; A.3.” Snout 25 1m head; eye 13.0 snout; 2 in postorbital part of head. Egg pouch on 13 plates; dorsal on 4 rings; two on tail; its base with a prominent elevation. Dorsal ridges of body continuous with those of tail. Suborbital ridges very prominent, joining above the snout to form a triangular crest, then spreading out to form a triangular figure above snout. Occiput divided by a depression; body slightly thicker than head.
Color brownish, with small pale dots and dark markings; dorsal with groups of small blackish dots, forming a dark crossband.
Coast of Japan, rare; one fine male specimen 62 millimeters long obtained off Misaki in the Kuro Shiwo (gracilimus, very slender).
'The two specimens from the Andamans dredged by Mr. J. Wood-Mason :re described by Dr. Day as having 13 + 41 to 45 rings.
——
no.1241. CHRTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. is
11. HIPPOCAMPUS Rafinesque. SEA-HORSES.
Hippocampus RAFINESQUE, Indice d’Ittiologia Siciliana, 1810, p. 37 (hippocampus). Hippocampus Leacu, Zool. Mise., 1814, p. 103 (hippocampus).
Body strongly compressed, the belly gibbous, tapering abruptly to a long, quadrangular, prehensile tail. Head with a distinct curved neck, placed nearly at a right angle with the direction of the body, surmounted by a compressed occipital crest, on the top of which is an angular, star-shaped coronet; top and sides of the head with spines. Physiognomy remarkably horselike, like that of a conventional “knight” at chess. Body and tail covered with bony plates, forming rings, those on the body each with six spines or tubercles, those on the tail with four. Pectoral fins present, short and broad; anal min- ute, usually present; dorsal fin moderate, opposite the vent. Egg pouch in the male a sac at the base of the tail, terminating near the vent. Species numerous in all warm seas. They attach themselves by their tails to seaweed and other floating substances, and are often carried to great distances by currents.
(ixz0Kap7os, the ancient name, from izzos, horse; KQMTOS, % wriggling sea monster, or a caterpillar.)
«a. Dorsal fin long, of 15 to 18 rays. b. Snout long, 2 to 24 in head; coronet low. c. Spines of neck ai body cre much lower than coronet; size large. d. Spines on body not enlarged at intervals, the rings being each similar to its neighbor; rings 114-39; color brown, with white streaks and specks. kelloggi. 12 dd. Spines on body enlarged at intervals, the rings being not uniform; rings 11+ 38 to 36. e. Snout equal to postorbital part of head; spines obtuse; color jet black, Wien Pra vIsh Wands ang, spots) 2525s. S22 2S Jose ss see aterrimus. 13 ee. Snout longer than postorbital part of head; spines rather sharp; color brown, variously blotched and spotted.............-.------- kuda, 14 cc. Spines of neck and body very high, the longest as high as coronet; color brown, with white dots; snout with brown rings --.------------ histria. 15 bb. Snout short, nearly 3 in head; size small. f. Coronet very low, compressed, without filaments; spines very low, blunt; tail very slim; color brown, plain or irregularly banded. japonicus. 16 ff. Coronet high, compressed, first laterally then longitudinally, with fila- ments; spines all high, many of them filamentous; color greenish : Crave wilordarker MAGKIMGG == \= eee eee ate cteclie ce — = SUUCOIISs Ly, aa. Dorsal fin short, of 10 to 13 rays; size small; coronet high; spines high, some of them filamentous. g. Snout short, nearly 3 in head; coronet compressed, notched, the an- terior part with long filaments. No small spine before each large supraorbital spine; body and tail banded with dark~..-mohnikei. 18 gy. Snout long, slender, about 24 in head, as long as postorbital part of head; coronet very high, pedunculate, not notched crosswise, its tip ending in about 6 lobes or spines; color various, usually with small lehtion darkidots on streaks ......0:.--.---.-- coronatus. 19
14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
12, HIPPOCAMPUS KELLOGGI Jordan and Snyder, new species. O-UMI-UMA (GREAT SEA-HORSE). (Plate VIII. ) Hippocampus longirostris SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 273, Naga- saki, (not of Cuvier).—Gtnruer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 202, China,
Formosa.—Nysrrom, Hand]. Svensk. Vet. Akad., 1887, p. 47, Nagasaki.— IsHixawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 4, ‘‘Japan.”’
Head 14 in trunk; trunk 2 in tail. D.17; P.18. Rings 11+39,
each of them essentially similar to its neighbors, none of them espe- cially enlarged. Snout long, as long as from posterior margin of orbit to knob above gill opening. Eye about 3 in snout; supraorbital spine simple, not divided; no spine on median line before eye. Depth of body at tenth ring 1} times snout. Dorsal on 35 rings (1§+2). Egg pouch on 7 rings. Coronet low, about as high as eye, slanting back- ward and with 6 diverging blunt spines; spines of body all low and obtuse; no filaments.
Color uniform yellowish brown or leather-color; with small seat- tered spots and short streaks of white on sides of head and trunk, most numerous about eyes; dorsal with a dark cross shade.
Coasts of Kiusiu, not common, and known to us from a large dried example, 8 inches long, from Kagoshima.
Type.—No. 6521, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, presented by the Imperial University, and collected by Professor Mitsukuri.
This is evidently the //ippocampus longirostris of Schlegel, but not of Cuvier, whose species is based on a figure of Willughby. It is close to //. kuda, but differs, at least, in the greater number of rings and in their uniformity. (Named for Prof.. Vernon Lyman Kelloge, of Stanford University.)
55?
13. HIPPOCAMPUS ATERRIMUS Jordan and Snyder, new species. KURO UMI-UMA (BLACK SEHA-HORSE). (Plate IX. )
Head 14 in trunk; tail twice as long as trunk; D.17. P.16. A. 4. Rings 11+36. Ege pouch of male on 9 rings. Length of snout equal to postorbital part of head; eye 3 in snout, equal to depth of snout. Body very deep, the depth of tenth ring twice snout. Spines low and blunt, without filaments, those on first, fourth, and seventh body rings more prominent, also on first, fifth, eighth or ninth, and twelfth or thirteenth rings of tail. This character variable. Spines below dorsal not higher than others. Supraorbital spines blunt and low, pointing outward and slightly backward, notched or rather with a low
yo.1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. LS
protuberance before each. A small blunt spine before eye. Coronet low, obliquely truncate, with three knob-like processes posteriorly, pointing backward. Base of dorsal elevated on 13-+-1% rings.
Color purplish black, almost inky; grayish marblings along the prominent rings on body and tail, forming irregular crossbars. Gray- ish streaks on gill covers and other parts of head; tips of spines and warts grayish; dorsal with a blackish terminal band; dark streaks along each ray; pectoral and anal with a dark cross band.
East Indies north to Japan. Known to us from six specimens, all alike, black, taken by Capt. Alan Owston, at Yaeyama, in the Ishigaki Islands, Riukiu. These are from 90 to 140 millimeters long.
Type.—No. 6516, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum.
This agrees in general with the accounts of //ippocampus huda Bleeker, from the East Indies (wrongly called //. guttulatus), but that species has 11+33 rings, and typical specimens differ greatly in color from our specimens. The original account of //. melanospilus by Bleeker differs equally. We may therefore provisionally regard our examples as distinct. ;
(Aterrimus, very black.)
14. HIPPOCAMPUS KUDA Bleeker.
Hippocampus kuda Burekur, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., III, 1852, p. 82, Singapore.— BLeekeEr, Verh. Bat. Gen., X XV, p. 26.—Dumenit, Hist. Nat. Poiss., I, p. 506, after Bleeker.
Hippocampus moluccensis BLEEKER, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., III, 1852, p. 305, Molucea.
Hippocampus teniopterus BLEEKER, Nat. Tyds. Ned» Ind., III, 1852, p. 306.
Hippocampus polytenia BLEEKER, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., III, 1852, p. 338, Floris.
Hippocampus comes Kapur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 10 (not of Cantor).
Hippocampus punctulatus, guttulatus and monicket GtUnruer, Fish. Zanzibar, p. 139, Zanzibar (not of authors). ;
Hippocampus guttulatus (part of authors) Gitnruer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 202 (Zanzibar, Amboyna, Red Sea, Floris) (not of Cuvier, H. hippocampus from Venice).—IsHikawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 4, Kagoshima, Miyakoshima.
Head 14 in trunk; trunk 1% in tail; rings, 11-+35. D.17; P. 16. Snout as long as from eye to knob above gill opening. Eye 3 in snout; snout 1} in depth of body; dorsal on, 15+ 13 rings. Supraorbital spine simple, pointed outward and slightly backward. Body more slender than in //. aterriémus, the snout longer. The spines much more prominent and somewhat acute, arranged much as in //. ater- rimus, with enlarged one on first, fourth, seventh, and eleventh body rings, and first, fifth, sixth, ninth, twelfth, and fifteenth tail rings; no filaments.
Color light-brown, with gray streaks and blotches; white lines radiating from eye and white streaks on snout and side of neck; the pale markings on side of body in our specimen suggest coralline patches; dorsal with a dark cross-shade.
16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Kast facies: widely disueibure d, north to Riu Kiu Islands. This description is from a specimen 115 millimeters long, from Ishigaki, Yaeyama Island, Riukiu. We identify this specimen with //. huda with some doubt, and we are not sure of the synonymy of the species, even if the identification be accepted. According to Dr. Day, the number of rings in //. huda (guttulatus) is 11 + 33. The relations of this species to the other large-sized and long-nosed sea horses are still obscure.
(Kuda, a tube, in Japanese. )
15. HIPPOCAMPUS HISTRIX Kaup. Hippocampus histriv Kaur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 17, pl. 1, fig. 5, Japan. Hippocampus hystrix G&énrHer, Cat. Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 206, Zanzibar.— DumertL, Hist. Nat. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 514, Nagasaki, Ile of Reunion.
Dorsal rays 17 or 18. Snout thin, elongate, longer than rest of head, as long as distance from front of orbit to first nuchal spine; all the tubercles of body developed into long, slender, acute spines, those on certain rings longer than the others. Color pale, with numerous white dots; snout with broad dark rings; each spine black at tip. Length, 25 inches. (Giinther, Zanzibar specimens.) Kaup does not count the fin rays, and says that his specimen is uniformiy colored.
In his figure the spines along the back are higher than the coronet. and 24 to 3§ in length of snout; the coronet is very low, bifurcate at tip; spines on back of tail especially prominent; body slender.
East Indies: a few specimens known, recorded from Japan, Zanzibar and the Isle of Reunion, not seen by us.
(Llystrix, porcupine.)
16. HIPPOCAMPUS JAPONICUS Kaup. KITA-NO UMI-UMA (NORTHERN SEA HORSE). (Plate X.)
Hippocampus japonicus Kaur, Lophobr., 1856, p. 7, Nagasaki, Leyden Museum.— Dumerit, Hist. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 505, same type.
Head 132° (1$ to 13) in trunk; trunk 2 to 23 in tail; D. 16 or 175 P. 11 o0r12. Rings 11+ 39. Snout 23 to 3 in head. Eye 13 to 2 in snout. Snout 2 to 24 in depth of bales Coronet from gill-opening, 14 to 14 in snout. Teel covering 2+ 14 rings. Prominent rings
1,4, 7, 11 on the body; 5, 10, 15 on tail, these subject to considerable |
variation.
The body moderately deep, the tail very slim, the snout very short. Spines on body blunt and short. Coronet low, compressed, keel-like; supraocular spine low; no Splat before eye. Spines at base of dorsal little enlarged. Length 23 inches.
Color various. A specimen from Tokyo is light brown, with two black cross bands on body and four of different widths on tail; head
no.1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. I 4
mottled; a dark bar at base of snout. Dorsal usually dusky with a pale median band. A specimen from Hakodate is leather brown, with dark markings on head; middle line of breast black; tail dark. A specimen from Onomichi is nearly uniform livid gray. One from Hakodate has almost no coronet.
The combination of low, keel-like coronet with the short snout and 16 dorsal rays at once distinguishes the species. Our numerous specimens are from Hakodate, Matsushima, Tokyo, Onomichi, and Wakanoura. The range of the species is farther to the northward than the others.
17. HIPPOCAMPUS SINDONIS Jordan and Snyder, new species. (Plate XI. )
Head 14 in trunk; trunk 2 in tail. D. 15; P. 14. Rings 10-4 37. Snout short, its length 24 times in head. Eve 1% times in snout. Depth of trunk 1% times snout. Coronet high, almost as high as the length of snout. It is laterally compressed up to its middle, ends anteriorly in an acute triangular spine with a filament, also terminates posteriorly in an acute spine, without filament. From the middle up it is longitudinally compressed, giving rise to a laterally expanded, fan-like process, with five spines, pointing upward; the one next to each end with a filament. Supraorbital spines very prominent, with filaments and a distinct minor spine inthe immediate front of each, all pointing anteriorly, large ones slightly outward as well; a well-marked spine on median line before eyes. Tubercles on body rather high, those in first, fourth, seventh, and tenth body rings, and second, fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, and thirteenth tail rings enlarged and with filaments. The raised dorsal fin on 143+ 4 rings. Pectorals very much developed.
Color greenish gray, with irregular darker markings on body and tail. Head mottled with dark gray on greenish ground, interspersed with light cross bars and streaks. Middle line of belly black. Fins dusky, unmarked except the dorsal, which has a dark band longi- tudinally. Egg pouch occupies seven rings, greenish and covered with prickle-like processes.
This species is known from one small specimen, an adult male 38 millimeters long, type No. 47930 U. S. National Museum, dredged by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross in Totomi Bay, off Hamamatsu, in the province of Totomi, Japan. The species is allied to 1. mohnikei, but differs in the form of coronet, the number of fin rays, and slimness of body, and also its size, which is much smaller than the smallest specimen of mohniker.
(Named for Michitaro Sindo, late of Yamaguchi, assistant curator of fishes in Stanford University.)
Proc. N. M. vol. xxiv—01
2
18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
18. HIPPOCAMPUS MOHNIKEI Bleeker. (Plate XIT. ) TATSU-NO-OTOSIGO (DRAGON’S CHILD).
Hippocampus brevirostris ScHiecEL, Fauna Japonica, p. 274, Nagasaki, not of Cuvier (H. hippocampus).
Hippocampus mohnikei Burrker, Verh. Ak. Met. Amst., 1851, pp. 7, 16, Kamino- seki Island, Prov. Suwo, Inland Sea.—Kavp, Lophobr., 1856, p. 8, Nagasaki, coll. Von Siebold.—Gitnruer, Cat. Fishes, VIII, p. 206, after Bleeker.— Dumertt, Hist. Nat. Poiss, I], 1870, p. 521, after Bleeker.—Isuikawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p.4, Boshu (Awa), near Tokyo.
Head 14 in trunk; trunk 14 to 2 in tail. D. 11-13; P. 10-12. Rings 10+ 36 or 37. Egg pouch on 6 rings. Eye 24 in snout. Snout 23 in head, 2 to 24 in depth of body, as long as from front of orbit to postorbital spine. Coronet 2 to 2} in snout; dorsal on 24 rings. First, fourth, seventh, and tenth body rings, and third, sixth, tenth, and thirteenth tail rings prominent. :
Coronet high, compressed, divided; the anterior part with long fila- ments, the posterior with 5 or 6 spines. Supraorbital spines simple, high, each with a long filament, and with or without a small spine before the large one; a median spine before eye. Snout short, thick. Spines on body high, the long ones on back and tail each with a long filament.
Color gray, with 8 to 10 faint, dark cross bands; snout pale; dorsal with a dark band anda pale edge. Young with the band more dis- tinct. Southern Japan, north to Tokyo. Known to us from two specimens from Misaki, about 83 and 55 millimeters long; and one, 90 millimeters long, from Enoura on Suruga Bay, presented by the Imperial University. This latter and the smaller one from Misaki are both light brown in color, with the dorsal bands, body bands, and median line on belly colored dark brown. In size the small Misaki specimen is less than two-thirds of the Enoura specimen, although both are full-grown adults.
The species isallied to Z/. coronatus, but has the snout much shorter. and the coronet lower and of a peculiar form.
(Named for the discoverer, Dr. O. G. B. Mohnike.)
19. HIPPOCAMPUS CORONATUS Schlegel.
TSUNO-UMIUMA (HORNED SEA-HORSE).
od
Hippocampus coronatus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poiss., 1847, p. 274, pl. cxx, fig. 8, NagasakiimKaup, Lophobr., 1856, p. 16, Nagasaki.—Gitnruer, Cat. — Fish., VIII, 1870, p. 205, after Schlegel.—Dummrit, Hist. Poiss., II, 1870, p. 520, after Schlegel.—Isnrkawa, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 4, Tokyo.
Head 14 to 13 in trunk; trunk 12 to 2 in tail; D. 13 or 14; P. 11. Rings 10+ 38 to 40. Snout slender, about as long as postorbital part
no.1241. CERTAIN FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. ibs)
of head; eye 3 in snout; snout 1} to 1% in greatest depth or body. Coronet very high, pedunculate, not divided into two parts at the top; varying in form, its length from gill opening about equal to snout; its tip usually with six lobes or spines. Spines of head and body promi- nent, the coronet usually with a long filament; other spines occasion- ally prominent. First, fourth, and tenth body rings prominent, and usually the fourth, sixth, tenth, fourteenth, and sixteenth of the tail. Spines at base of dorsal especially long and eee Dorsal short, inserted on 13 + 1 = 24 rings; egg pouch on 7 rings.
Color various, usually light brown with dark dots and mottlings, sometimes with pale dots and streaks, sometimes with dark brown streaks, the ground color sometimes almost black; usually light or dark streaks on opercle. Dorsal generally with a blackish band and pale edge, sometimes streaked like the body.
Coasts of Japan, very common, in clear waters near shore. <A small, slender sea-horse, varying considerably in form, and much in coloration, but always readily known by the very high coronet, the sculpture of which is subject to great variation. Our many specimens, 90 to 115 millimeters long, are from Matsushima, Tokyo, Misaki, Ono- michi, and Wakanoura. They would seem at first glance to compose five or six different species.
(Coronatus, crowned.)
RECAPITULATION. Suborder HY POSTOMIDES. Family 1. PreGasip2.
1. Zalises Jordan and Snyder.
1. wmitengu Jordan and Snyder Wakanoura.
Order LOPHOBRANCHII.
Family 2. SoLENOSTOMID. 2. Solenostomus Lacépéde. 2. cyanopterus (Bleeker); Awa. 3. paradoxus (Pallas); Awa. Family 3. SYNGNATHID®. 3. Syngnathus Linneeus.
4. schlegeli (Kaup); Otaru, Mororan, Hakodate, Aomori, Matsushima, Tokyo, Misaki, Wakanoura, Tsuruga, Onomichi.
4. Corythroichthys Kaup. 5. isigakius Jordan and Snyder; Ishigaki Island. 5. Yozia Jordan and Snyder. 6. wakanoure Jordan and Snyder; Wakanoura.
6. Trachyrhamphus Kaup. '
20
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
od f.
8.
9.
10.
Ae
serratus (Schlegel); Yokohama, Wakanoura, Nagasaki.
7. Halicampus Kaup.
koilomatodon ( Bleeker) .
8. Urocampus Ginther. rikuzenius Jordan and Snyder; Matsushima. 9. Gasterotokeus Heckel. biaculeatus (Bloch). | 10. Acentronura Kaup. gracilissima (Schlegel); Misaki. 3
‘11. Hippocampus Rafinesque.
2. kelloggi Jordan and Snyder; Kagoshima.
. aterrimus Jordan and Snyder; Ishigaki Islands.
. kuda Bleeker; Ishigaki Islands.
. histrix Kaup.
}. japonicus Kaup; Hakodate, Matsushima, Tokyo, Onomichi, Wakanoura. . sindonis Jordan and Snyder; Hamamatsu.
. mohnikei Bleeker; Misaki, Enoura.
. coronatus Schlegel; Matsushima, Tokyo, Misaki, Onomichi, Wakanoura.
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FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 16.
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIV PL. Xl
HIPPOCAMPUS SINDONIS.
FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 17.
PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIV FL. XII
U. §. NATIONAL MUSEUM
HIPPOCAMPUS MOHNIKEI.
FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 18.
LIST OF THE MYRIAPOD FAMILY LITHOBIIDAD OF SALT LAKE COUNTY, UTAH, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FIVE NEW SPECIES.
By Rateu V. CHAMBERLIN, Of the Latter-day Saints’ College, Salt Lake City.
The five new species of Lithobius described in this paper are based upon material in collections made by the author from June to October, 1900, and in February, March, and April, 1901. Types of these new species have been deposited in the United States National Museum. Inasmuch as nothing upon the Myriapoda of Utah has been heretofore published, some notes are also given on the other species of the Litho- biide found within the limits of Salt Lake County.
ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LITHOBIUS DESCRIBED.
A. Posterior angles of none of the dorsal plates produced. a, Anal feet each armed with a single claw. b,. Coxal pores in several series, round. c. Posterior coxze armed beneath with a stout spine. d. Antenne long, articles 20; prosternal teeth, 9-9; spines of anal legs, 1, 3, 2, 1. bipunctatus Wood 1 h,. Coxal pores in a single series, round. c. Posterior coxee unarmed beneath. d,. Articles of the antenn, 20-22; coxal pores; 2, 2, 2, 2—2, 3, 3, 3; ocelli, 5-11; spines of anal legs, 1, 3, 2,0; length, 7.5-11 mm. -wtahensis, new species 2 d,. Articles of the antennee, 20-23; coxal pores,3, 4, 4, 5—3, 4, 4, 4; ocelli, 18-22; spines of anal legs, 1, 3, 2,0; length, 13-15.8 mm_- - -colliwm, new species 3 a,. Anal feet each armed with two claws. b. Coxal pores in a single series, round. c.” Posterior coxze unarmed beneath. d. Articles of the antenne, 20-25; coxal pores, 4,5, 5, 4—4, 6, 6,6; spines of the first legs, 1, 3, 2; of the anal, 1, 3, 2, 0; length, 12.2-13.8 mm. socius, new species 4 B. Posterior angles of the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth dorsal plates produced. a,. Coxal pores in several series, round; anal feet with a single claw. b. Posterior coxze armed beneath with a stout spine. c. Antennz long, articles 20; prosternal teeth, 12 to 18; spines of anal legs, 1 Nes cays ing Ua tg, ie I Sale EE OS ee ae vanti Wood 5
PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXIV—No. 1242.
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
a,. Coxal pores in a single series, transverse; anal feet with a single claw. }. Posterior coxze unarmed beneath. c. Articles of the antenne, 33-48; prosternal teeth, 10 to 14; spines of anal
99
17S [PS a ee ee es es a me ese oe Se forficatus (Linneeus) 6
a,. Coxal pores in a single series, round.
b. Posterior coxee unarmed beneath.
c,. Articles of the antennze, 20; coxal pores, 3,3,3,3; ocelli, 10; prosternal teeth o-o; Jenethe 7-5—Oimime 32 2252 eee one intermontanus, new species 7 c,. Articles of the antennze, 28-32; coxal pores, 2, 3,3, 2—3,4,4,4; spines of first legs, 0, 0, 1; of anal, 1, 3, 3, 0—1, 3, 1, 0; length, 7-8.5 mm: purpureus, new species 8
1. LITHOBIUS BIPUNCTATUS Wood.
It has seemed well to include a description of this form,as it has nov before been rediscovered or redescribed since Wood established the species in 1863.
Description.—Color, dark amber brown, the head lighter; legs mostly pale, posterior pairs and the antenne: somewhat darker. Antenne, length, 16.5 mm, reaching to the eighth segment; pilose, articles 20. Ocelli, 18-22, in 7 series. Prosternal teeth, 9-9, black; the space between the second and third from the outer side much wider than between the other teeth. SHiney of the legs, first, 2,3, 1; penult, 1, 8; 3, 2—1, 3, 3, 3; anal, 1, 3, 2, 1. The anal legs are long and slender, not at all crassate. Coxal pores round or eee oval; arranged in 3-4 series in an oval patch. Genital forceps, claw long and pointed, tripartite, the middle lobe largest, the outer lobe nearer apex than the inner; basal spines 3-3, the outermost largest. Length of body, 28.7 mm; width of tenth dorsal plate, 3.9 mm; length of theanal legs, 16 mm.
Habitat.—Emigration Canyon, near the mouth. A number of speci- mens were taken in the dirt-filled crevices of the rock in a limestone quarry.
2. LITHOBIUS UTAHENSIS, new species.
Diagnosis. —This species is related to Lithobius obesus Stuxberg, but the claw of the genital forceps is tripartite, the spines of the anal legs are 1,3,2,0, and the size is always smaller. It is also near Lathobius Deniidn ni Bollman, from which it is distinguished by the coxal pores, which are small and less in number, by the number of spines of the anal legs, and by the ocelli, which are fewer.
Description. yellow to brown, legs and antennz paler. Antenne, length 2.6—3 mm.; hirsute; articles 20-22, gradually decreas- ing in length from the first few to the end. Ocelli 5-11, but mostly 5-8, arranged in 4-5 series. Prosternal teeth 2—2, small, Lay Spines of the first legs 1, 2, 1-2, 3,2; of the penult 1, 3,3, 1—1, 3,3, 2; of the anal 1, 3, 2, 0. _ The posterior coxv laterally armed. The coxal pores small, round, 2,2, 2, 2—2, 3,3,3. Genital forceps, claw tripartite, the middle tobe longest, the outer smallest; basal spines 2-2, rather stout, the outer usually thickened upward and somewhat bifid at apex.
No, 1242. FIVE NEW LITHOBITDA—CHAMBERLIN. 93
Anal legs of male, tibia swollen and excavated within near its anterior joint, at which it, together with the femur, is produced inward into a lobe which is often very conspicuous. Length of the body 7.5-11 mm.; width 0.8-1.2 mm.; length of the anal legs 2.5-3 mm.
Habitat.—Common along all mountain streams, loving particularly the damp beds of decaying leaves and vegetable loam.
Type.—U.S.N.M., No. 782; collected in Neff’s Canyon, Salt Lake County, Utah, July 15, 1900.
3. LITHOBIUS COLLIUM, new species.
Diagnosis.—Joints of the antenne 20-23; ocelli 18-22, in 7 vertical series; spines of anal legs 1,3,2,0; claw of genital forceps wide, lobes short, the middle one not much longest.
Description.—Color brown, head and dorsal plates with a tendeney to red brown, which may be strong; antenne and legs yellow or light brown. Head smooth. Antenne, length 4-5.5 mm.; articles 20-23, gradually decreasing in length toward the end; pilose. Ocelli 18-22, in 7 nearly vertical series. Prosternal teeth 2—2, small. Spines of the first legs 1, 3, 2—2,3,2; penult 1, 3,3,2; anal 1,3,2,0. Posterior cox laterally armed. Coxal pores 3,4, 4,3—3,4, 4,4, small, round. Genital forceps, claw rather long, wide, tripartite, the lobes short and rounded, the middle one but little longer than the lateral, or the claw subentire; basal spines 2-2, moderate, the outer spine on each side somewhat stouter. Length of body 13-15.8 mm.; width 1.6-1.7 mm.; length of the anal legs 4-5 mm.
Habitat.—Common over the foothills about Salt Lake City during the spring and autumn months.
Type.—U.S.N.M.; No. 783.
4. LITHOBIUS SOCIUS, new species.
Diagnosis. —This species is to be separated by the following points: Coxal pores 4, 5,5, 4—5, 6, 6,5; articles of the antennze 20-25; spines of the anal legs always 1, 3, 2, 0; characters of genital forceps; and size, 12.2-13.8 mm.
Description.—Color, head and posterior dorsal plates brown; other dorsal plates mostly dark brown to brownish black; antennz and legs yellow to light brown. Head smooth, wider than long. Antenne, length 5-5.7 mm., but mostly near the lesser limit; articles 20-25; first 7-12 joints long, others short; pilose. Ocelli 16-22, arranged in 6-8 series. Prosternal teeth variable in size and number, 0—0 to 2—2 and 3—3 (as common) or even to 5—5. Spines of the legs, first 1,3, 2; penult 1, 3, 3, 2; last 1, 3, 2, 1. Posterior coxe laterally armed. Coxal pores 4,5, 5,4—5,6,6,5; large, subcircular, or in part trans- verse. Genital forceps, claw normally tripartite but by obliteration of the outer lobe often bipartite or subentire, and on the other hand
94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vot. xx1v.
sometimes possessing as many as 6 aa lobes or crenulations; basal spines 2—2, short, stout, usually widening upward to the middle and conical or pointed above. The head in the male is proportionately wider than in the female. The inner claw of the anal feet is also larger in the male, being often indistinct in the female. Length of the body 12.2-13.8 mm.; width 1.8-2 mm.; length of the anal legs 5—5.6 mm., mostly near the lesser limit.
TTabitat.—With the preceding form over the foothills shone Salt Lake City, but less abundant. :
Type.—U.S.N.M., No. 784.
5. LITHOBIUS XANTI Wood.
TTabitat.—Common along alk mountain streams. ‘This species and Lithobius utahensis are the forms by far most abundant in the canyons.
6. LITHOBIUS FORFICATUS (Linnzus).
TTabitat.—In and about Salt Lake City, where it is much the com- monest species, but not found in the mountains. The antenne are most commonly either 36 or 39 jointed.
7. LITHOBIUS INTERMONTANUS, new species.
Diagnosis. —Separated from other species previously described by the following points: Posterior coxee unarmed; articles of the antenne 20: papster dal teeth 5—5; coxal pores 8, 3, 3, 3, round; ocelli 10, in 6 series ; length ic a ) mim.
Deser chestnut brown; antenne and legs paler. Antenne, length 2.65-2.75 mm.; articles 20; sparsely hirsute at base, elsewhere nearly glabrous. Ocelli 10, arranged in 6 series in a linear patch. _ Prosternal teeth 5—5. Spines of the first legs 2, 3, 2. Last tarsal joints of the first pairs of legs more densely hirsute beneath than the inner ones. Posterior coxe unarmed. esa pores 3, 3, 3, 3, round. Length of the body 7.5-9 mm.; width 0.8—-1 mm.
Tlabitat.—Branch of Mill Creek Canyon. The eight specimens obtained have all lost the posterior pairs of legs.
Type.—U.S.N.M., No. 785.
8. LITHOBIUS PURPUREUS, new species.
Diagnosis.—Anal feet each armed with two claws; articles of the antenne 28-32; spines of the first legs 0,0,1,o0f the last 1,3, 3,0 or 1, 3, 1, 0; coxal pores 2, 3, 3,2 ;
Description.—Color, dark purple brown, the purple tint often con- spicuous and unmixed; head and legs yellowish brown, the tarsal joints of the last pairs of legs commonly lighter; antenne dark, yel- low or rufous at ends. Antenne, length 2.3-3 mm.; articles, except
) ot
No. 1242, FIVE NEW eee ee 25
the first few, short or very short. Oc Ale 12- 1B in 5—6 series. Pro- sternal teeth, normally 2—2, rather large, pale, poe SS atte) 4—4. Spines of the first oa 0,.0, 1; of the penult 1, 3, 3,1; of the anal 1;.3,3, 0, or less cal 1,3,1,0. Posterior coxe armed laterally with a small, indistinct spine. Coxal pores 2, 3,3, 2—8, 4,4, 4, small or moderate. Genital forceps, claw rather long, tripartite, lobes pointed, the middle longest, the outer smallest, often nearer base and incon- spicuous; basal spines 2—2, short and stout, widest at the middle, the outer largest. Length of the body 7-8.5 mm.; width 1—1.2 mm. Length of the anal legs 3-3.3 mm.
Habitat.—Not very common under sticks, boards, and logs laid on fine, loose soil in and near growths of willows on the anke of the Jordan River, Salt Lake City.
Types.—U.S.N.M., No. 786.
g. HENICOPS FULVICORNIS Meinert.
Habitat.—Not uncommon in several canyons at middle and upper elevations in very damp and cool places. Many were found under the bark and between the fibers of decaying logs, and two were taken under the body of a dead skunk, which lay at a considerable distance from water.
This species, first discovered in Europe, has been heretofore reported from the United States as occurring in New York (Mount Lebanon), Arkansas (Little Rock), and Minnesota (Winona).
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diate
NEW DIPTERA FROM SOUTHERN AFRICA.
By D. W. CoqumLteEtt,
Custodian, Section of Diptera.
During a visit to the United States National Museum last year, Mr. Charles P. Lounsbury, the government entomologist of Cape Colony, Africa, brought with him a small but very interesting collection of Diptera which he wished to have identified, permitting the retention of specimens representing species new to the Museum coltection and requesting that the new forms be duly named and described. As this task has now been completed, the descriptions are offered herewith.
SIMULIUM NIGRITARSIS, new species.
Black, the bases of the antennee, humeri, halteres, front coxee, femora except apices of the middle and hind ones, and the tibiee except their apices, yellow; front femora and their tibize sometimes wholly yellow; usually a yellow spot below the humeri; hairs of head and body pale yellow; wings hyaline, the costa, first three veins and first section of the fourth robust, yellowish, the others nearly transparent; length 2.5 to 3 mm. Six female specimens. Paratypes have been returned to Mr. Lounsbury.
Habitat.—Cape Colony, Africa.
Type.—Cat. No. 5785, U.S.N.M.
DACUS LOUNSBURYII, new species.
Head yellow, occiput, except the upper and lateral margins, reddish brown, frontal vitta except its lower end reddish brown, an ocellar spot, one near center of front and one on the lunule, blackish, a row of four blackish dots along each orbit; a broad reddish stripe in mid- dle of face,a black spot on either side near its middle, an oblique reddish line near each orbit, and a large black spot below each eye; antenne nearly twice as long as the head, brownish red, the extreme base yellow, the third joint black; palpi and proboscis brownish red, apex of the latter largely yellow; body reddish brown, indistinctly
PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXIV—No. 1243.
28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV,
marked with blackish, mesonotum marked behind the suture with three yellow vitte, a yellow fascia extends along the suture, crosses the mesopleura and encroaches on the sternopleura; a spot on the hypopleura, hind margin of the scutellum and of the second abdominal segment laterally yellow; abdomen three times as long as wide, the third segment in the male bearing a row of black bristles extending from the venter half way to the middle of the dorsum, situated a short distance in front of the hind margin; wings hyaline, a brownish band along the costa, filling apex of subcostal cell beyond auxiliary vein, the whole of the marginal and submarginal cells, apical three-fourths of the first posterior and upper edge of the second posterior cell, faintest in basal portion of submarginal cell and darkest in the pos- terior cells, that in first posterior cell sometimes having a subhyaline median streak; anal cell filled with yellow and brown, its lobe and the vein extending beyond its apex bordered with brown; base of first basal cell to forking of second and third veins yellowish; legs reddish brown, first tarsal joint except apex, and broad bases of hind femora, white; halteres whitish, bases of the stems reddish brown; basal seg- ment of ovipositor of female greatly flattened, shorter than the pre- ceding abdominal segment; length 11 mm. Three males and seven females. Paratypes returned to Mr. Lounsbury, for whom this fine, large species is named. Habitat.—Capetown and Wynberg, Cape Colony, Africa. Type.—Cat. No. 5786, U.S.N.M.
DACUS BREVIS, new species.
Head yellow, frontal vitta sometimes tinged in places with reddish yellow, the occiput except along the eyes yellowish brown, a dark brown spot above center of front, a small black spot on the ocelli, three along each orbit, one on the frontal lunule, and one on either side of center of face, a brown spot below each eye; antenn shorter than the head, yellowish brown, becoming dark brown at the apex, arista black, the base yellowish, proboscis and palpi brownish yellow; body reddish brown, mesonotum and abdomen with a mediodorsal black line, and sometimes with blackish markings; humeri, a stripe along the thoracic suture crossing the mesopleura and encroaching on the sternopleura, a rounded spot on the hypopleura, and the scutellum except its extreme base, yellow; abdomen one and a half times as long as wide, the third segment in the male bearing a row of black bristles extending from the venter nearly halfway to the middle of the dorsum; wings hyaline, the subcostal and marginal cells, base and usually the very narrow upper edge of the submarginal cell beyond apex of the marginal about halfway to tip of third vein, where it expands and fills the entire apical portion of this cell and encroaches on the first pos- terior cell, brown, a brown cloud on distal part of anal cell; apex of
No, 1248. DIPTERA FROM SOUTHERN AFRICA—COQUILLETT. 99
fourth vein not or very slightly approaching toward the third vein; legs yellow, apices of middle and hind femora and bases of middle tibize yellowish brown, hind tibizw largely and last four joints of all the tarsi reddish brown; tibiz and apices of femora sometimes yellowish red; halteres yellow; ovipositor of female almost cylindrical, the basal seg- ment shorter than the last abdominal segment; length 5.5 to 6.5 mm. Two males and four females. Paratypes returned to Mr. Lounsbury. Habitat.— Bathurst, Cape Colony, Africa.
Type.—Cat. No. 5787, U.S.N.M.
DACUS SIGMOIDES, new species.
Differs from the above description of brevis only as follows: The dark brown spot above center of front is connected with the upper two spots in each of the orbital rows, no brown spot below each eye, no mediodorsal black line on the abdomen, apical section of fourth vein strongly bisinuous, the apex strongly approaching toward the third vein, legs yellow, the apices of the femora, bases of the tibize and last four joints of the tarsi slightly darker, more brownish yellow, knob of halteres yellowish brown, ovipositor greatly flattened, the basal see- ment one and one-fourth times as long as the last abdominal segment; length 7 mm. <A female specimen.
Habitat.—Island of Mauritius, Africa.
Type.—Cat. No. 5788, U.S.N.M.
DACUS IMMACULATUS, new species.
Differs from brevis as follows: The spot above center of front scarcely darker than the reddish-yellow frontal vitta, no black spots on the face, bases of palpi pale yellow, yellow spot on each hypopleura nearly twice as long as wide, abdomen almost twice as long as wide, brown in marginal cell not connected with that in apex of the submarginal, the latter extending one-third of distance from apex of third vein to apex of second, ovipositor of female greatly flattened, legs yellow; length 5 to 6.5 mm. Four males and four females. Paratypes returned to Mr. Lounsbury.
Tabitat.—Kast London, Cape Colony, Africa.
Type.—Cat. No. 5789, U.S.N.M.
Near dinotatus Loew, as | identify it, but with much paler legs and flattened, instead of cylindrical, ovipositor.
CERATITIS RUBIVORA, new species.
Head yellowish, a gray spot streaked with black above the neck and sending a wide stripe to each eye, a black ocellar dot; mouth parts and antennz yellow, the arista short plumose, brown, the base yellow, antenne three-fourths as long as the face, front in both sexes bearing only normal bristles; thorax yellowish brown, largely grayish prui- nose, mesonotum marked on each side with a broad, interrupted, black,
30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
polished stripe and with three narrow, indistinct, black, median lines which at their posterior ends expand so as to meet each other; between this point and the scutellum is a transverse pair of polished, whitish spots, humeri whitish, upper part of mesopleura yellow; scutellum yellow, the outer margin marked with three black spots, metanotum polished black, crossed in the middle by a broad, transverse, opaque, grayish pruinose fascia emarginate in the middle of the lower edge, two yellow spots on each side of the metathorax; abdomen yellowish, the third and fifth segments, except a large triangular spot in middle | of each, black; wings hyaline, a brown crossband on a line with the humeral crossvein, followed by about ten brown dots; a second brown crossband, yellowish in the vicinity of the small crossvein, extends from the costa beyond apex of auxiliary vein to apex of the sixth, including the smali crossvein in its outer portion; a brown stripe, yel- lowish in the central part, extends close to the costa from beyond apex of first vein to beyond apex of the third, its margins marked with 4 or 5 darker brown dots; an elongated, oblique, brown spot on the fourth vein before its apex, and a larger one bordering the hind crossvein; legs yellow, in the male the front femora marked with a black streak - on the upper and another on the posterior side, middle femora on the broad apex, except a streak on the anterior side and the extreme apex, black; hind femora with a black spot before apex of under side pro- longed as a streak in the middle of the anterior side; middle tibiee, except the extreme ends, black; in the male the under side of middle femora on the apical half, also the inner and outer sides of the middle tibix, densely fringed with long flattened bristles; halteres yellowish; ovipositor of female greatly flattened, the basal piece as long as the last two abdominal segments; length 4 to 5 mm. Fifteen males and ten females. Paratypes returned to Mr. Lounsbury. Tlabitat.—W ynberg, Cape Colony, Africa. Type.—Cat. No. 5790, U.S.N.M.
CERATITIS LYCII, new species.
Head yellow, a black spot above the neck, sending a branch to each eye, a black spot in the middle of upper part of face; antenn yellow, three-fourths as long as the face, proboscis brown, the palpi yellow; body black, mesonotum opaque, grayish pruinose, the margin, pro- duced inward at the front and hind angles and in the middle in front, also a pair of round dots behind the suture, polished; a spot on the humerus uniting with a broad stripe on upper edge of pleura, also a sinuous, interrupted line at base of scutellum, light yellowish; abdo- men polished, the posterior portion of the first and third segments opaque, whitish pruinose, remainder of third segment opaque, brown- ish pruinose; ovipositor flat beneath, convex above, the basal portion
NO. 1245, DIPTERA FROM SOUTHERN AFRICA—COQUILLELT. D1
as long as the last two abdominal segments; wings hyaline, a broad brown crossband on a line with humeral crossvein, followed by 8 or 4 longitudinal brown streaks and about 9 brown dots, a second brown crossband extends from beyond apex of auxiliary vein to apex of last vein, at the costa united with a broad brown stripe that extends along the costa to midway between apices of third and fourth veins, filling the costal margin to the third vein and near middle of last section of the latter sending a branch obliquely to the wing margin below apex of fourth vein; the second crossband also sends a branch from the small crossvein obliquely to the apex of the fifth vein, covering the hind crossvein; the costal margin is very narrowly hyaline betweeen apices of the first and third veins, except a pair of brown dots between apices of first and second veins; extreme base of wings yellowish; legs, including the front coxe, yellow; length 4 mm. Two female specimens.
[abitat.—Cape Colony, Africa.
Type.—Cat. No. 5791, U.S.N.M.
ZAPRIONUS, new genus, DROSOPHILIDA.
Near Drosophila, but the head longer than high, the front femora of the male with tubercles on the under sides, the bristly hairs of mesonotum arranged in distinct rows, and the front and thorax marked with silvery white lines. Front noticeably longer than wide, narrow- ing anteriorly, two pairs of vertical, one pair of ocellar, and one of postvertical bristles, two pairs of reclinate and more anteriorly one proclinate pair of orbital bristles, vibrissee stout, middle of face with a very high, broad, rounded carina, antenne three-fourths as long as the face, the third joint one and a half times as long as broad, arista bearing five long bristles on the upper side and two on the lower, clypeus projecting far beyond the oral margin; proboscis robust, labella fleshy, palpi large, eyes slightly higher than long, densely pubescent; thorax bearing two pairs of dorsocentral bristles, the bristly hairs between the two dorsocentral rows arranged in six dis- tinct rows; five supra-alar bristles, the anterior one in front of the suture, two humeral, two posthumeral and two sternopleural bristles, scutellum bearing four bristles, otherwise bare; auxiliary vein distinct at its base only, small and hind crossveins present, second basal cell confluent with the discal, anal cell present, the vein at its apex reach- ing about halfway to the wing-margin, axillary angle distinct; front femora of male somewhat thickened, on the apical two-thirds of the under side bearing a row of four short, black, forwardly directed tubercles, each of which bears at the base of the posterior side a back- wardly directed spinous bristle; middle and hind femora and ail tibiz without bristles except one at apex of inner side of each middle tibia.
oD PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Type, the following species:
ZAPRIONUS VITTIGER, new species.
Head and its members yellow, front opaque, dark reddish yellow,
a silvery white line along each eye and next to this a dark brown line, a black ocellar dot, several short bristly hairs on lower half of front, eyes bordered with whitish, outer side of second antennal joint largely white, the third joint and the arista brown; mesonotum and scutellum rich dark reddish brown, opaque, the former marked with four nearly equidistant silvery white lines bordered with dark brown, the median pair prolonged over the scutellum, the others passing just above the posthumeral bristles; pleura marked with a median white line, the portion above it yellowish brown, that below it yellow; metathorax brownish yellow, abdomen polished, yellowish brown; legs yellow; wings grayish hyaline; length, 2.5 to3 mm. ‘Three male specimens.
Habitat.—Cape Colony, Africa.
Type.—Cat. No. 5792, U.S.N.M.,
_ —.
A REVIEW OF THE GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWENTY-ONE NEW SPECIES.
By Davip Starr JorpDAN and JOHN OTTERBEIN SNYDER, Of the Leland Stanford Junior University.
In the present paper is given a descriptive catalogue of the species of gobies found in the waters of Japan. it is based primarily on the large collection made by the authors in Japan in the summer of 1900, under the auspices of the Hopkins Biological Laboratory of Stanford University. Numerous additional specimens have been presented by the Imperial University of Tokyo through Dr. Kakichi Mitsukuri, and by the Imperial Museum of Japan through Dr. Chiyomatsu Ishi- kawa. The gobies collected by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross in 1900, the collections in the United States National Museum, and the collections of Professor Keinosuke Otaki in 1895 and 1896 have also been considered, as well as the collections made by Mr. Pierre Louis Jouy in 1885.
A series of typical specimens are in the U.S. National Museum and in the Imperial University of Tokyo. Duplicates have been presented to several other institutions. 5
The accompanying drawings are the work of Mrs. Chloe Lesley Starks, artist of the Hopkins laboratory, and of Mr. A. H. Baldwin.
MEASUREMENTS.
The measurements given in the tables were made by means of dividers and a proportional scale. In some cases they will be of great value as an aid in discriminating between closely related species. It is believed also that they will show, in an approximately definite way, some of the variations of certain characters useful in the determination of relationships.
They are expressed in hundredths of the length of the body, which is measured from the tip of the snout to the end of the last vertebra. The depth of the body is measured at its deepest part; depth of caudal peduncle at its narrowest place; length of caudal peduncle from base of last anal ray to end of last vertebra; length of head from tip of snout to posterior edge of opercle; length of snout from its tip to anterior margin of orbit; width of interorbital space measured on
PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VoL. XXIV—No. 1244. Proc. N. M. vol. xxiv—01——3
34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. | VOL. XXIV.
the skull, the dividers compressed tightly between the eyes; diameter of orbit, longitudinally; length of caudal fin from end of last vertebra to tip of longest rays. Only fully developed fin rays are counted; the rudimentary rays of dorsal and anal when closely adnate to the first branched ray, are counted with it as one ray; when the soft dorsal contains a spine, it is enumerated as a ray. When last ray of dorsal or anal is double it is counted as one. Scales in the lateral series are counted to base of caudal fin; transverse series from insertion of ventrals or anal, whichever is nearer middle of body, upward and forward; above or below lateral line as indicated in the description.
Family GOBUD. THE GOBIES.
Body oblong or elongate, naked or covered with ctenoid or cycloid scales. Dentition various, the teeth generally small but sometimes developed into great canines; premaxillaries protractile; suborbital without bony stay. Skin of head continuous with covering of eyes. Eyes usually moderate, sometimes concealed. Opercle unarmed; pre- opercle unarmed, or with a short spine; pseudobranchiz present or absent. Gills 4, a sht behind the fourth; gill membranes more or less united to the isthmus, the gill openings thus restricted to the sides. No lateral line. Dorsal fins separate or connected, the spinous dorsal short, of 2 to 8 flexible spines, or sometimes wanting; anal usually with a single weak spine, the fin similar to soft dorsal; ventral fins close together, separate or united, each composed of a short spine and 3 or 4 soft rays, the inner rays usually longest; the ventral fins when united form a sucking disk, a cross fold of skin at their base complet- ing the cup; caudal fin convex; anal papilla prominent. No pyloric veca; usually no air bladder. Carnivorous fishes, mostly of small size, living on the bottoms near the shores in warm regions. Some inhabit fresh waters and others live indiscriminately in either fresh or salt water; many of them bury in the mud of estuaries. Few of them are large enough to be of much value as food. The species are for the most part easily recognized, but their arrangement in genera is a matter of extreme difficulty. Until the multitude of Asiatic forms are critically studied, any definition of the Japanese genera must be tentative only.
ANALYSIS OF GENERA OF JAPANESE GOBIID®. I. Soft dorsal and anal free from the caudal; body oblong or moderately elongate; eyes distinct; no deep pit above the opercle.
a. Spinous dorsal well developed, of 6 or more rays; ventral fins well developed;
body well scaled in all Japanese species. b. Oxymetopontine. Ventral rays I, 4, the two fins wholly separate; tongue pointed; mouth oblique.
c. Body elongate, compressed; scales small, cycloid; chin with a thick barbel followed by 3 smaller ones. Dorsal rays about VI-25; isthmus narrow;
Garid ails wrblactil ana Cras es eer ee eee eee ere re aati ee Vireosa. 1
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 35
bb. Ventral rays I, 5. d. Eleotrine. Ventral fins entirely separate; pectorals normal; eyes not erectile; body scaly more or less. e. Vomer toothless. f. Preopercle without spine.
g. Seales very large, 25 to 30; fins high; body short, compressed. Asterropteryx. 2 gg. Scales moderate or small, 40 to 100; body not much compressed. h. Head not depressed above; scales very small, ctenoid; dorsal
spines filamentous; isthmus broad.......----- Valenciennea. 3
hh. Head depressed behind eyes; scales moderate, ctenoid; dorsal spines not elevated; isthmus very narrow... ---Odontobutis. 4
J. Preopercle with a concealed, hook-likespine; scales moderate, ctenoid; isthmus broad; dorsal spines low -..-.--.--..----------- Eleotris. 5
dd. Ventral fins joined at least at base.
J. Periophthalmine. Pectoral fin with a scaly muscular base; eyes erectile; ventral fins joined at base or to the tip; no barbels; scales very small, cycloid; isthmus broad; tongue short, rounded, scarcely free at tip.
h. Dorsal rays about V—25; head with fine roughnesses; ventral fins united; upper jaw with large exserted teeth; lower teeth hori- ZING L ee Meee epee hare CES Ace aie ES ean CA Boleophthalinus. 6
hh. Dorsal rays about X to X V-12; head with small scales; ventral fins deeply notched; teeth not horizontal and not exserted. Periophthalmus. 7
J. Gobiine. Pectoral fins without scaly muscular base; ventral fins large, completely united and not adnate to the belly; eyes not erectile; dorsal spines 6 or more; body well covered with scales.
i. Teeth all simple, none of them trifid. j. Chin and lower side of head without barbels. k. Soft dorsal and anal short, each of 9 to 12 (rarely 13 or 14) soft rays. !. Cheeks and opercles with large scales; scales on body large, ctenoid; dorsal spines 6.-.--....----- Hazeus. 8 ll, Cheeks naked; opercles chiefly or entirely naked. m. Tongue truncate or rounded or pointed at tip; gill openings chiefly confined to the sides, separated by a rather broad isthmus.
o. Seales ctenoid, rather large, mouth moderate; head not much depressed anteriorly or between the eyes, chin not prominent; isthmus broad.
p. Pectoral with silk-like free rays above; dorsal
S PIMC OPER aS es = 2 ee See Gobius. 9
pp. Pectoral without silk-like free rays above. qe WorsalispineiGuesa5- 2222-5. 2 Ctenogobius. 10 qs Dorsallspinese/ to) 9) s.- 22... 22 {boma. 11
oo. Scales minute, cycloid; dorsal spines 6; head compressed, convex above, mouth large, oblique, but not opening widely; no silk-like rays on pectorals; some of the dorsal spines often elongate; isthmus narrow.
Cryptocentrus. 12
mm. Tongue emarginate at tip; mouth very large, isth- mus narrow, the gill openings extending forward below, head low, depressed, flat between the eyes.
3¢
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
r. Pectoral without silk-like rays above; chin prominent. s. Seales rather large, about 40; dorsal spines 6. ; Glossogobius. 13 ss. Scales minute, 80 to 100. t. Dorsal spimes'6 = 22-2— Cheenogobius. 14 tt.” Dorsal’spines) (or 8>2922_ =" Chloea. 15 rr. Pectoral with silk-like rays above; chin not prominent, head very broad, de- pressed; scales minute, cycloid. Chasmias. 16 kk. Soft dorsal and anal long, the former of 14 to 30 rays; dorsal spines 7 to 10.
u. Scales very small, often cycloid; tongue rounded; head compressed, narrow above, isthmus rather nar- row, mouth moderate, oblique; pectoral with free silk-like rays above; soft dorsal and anal rays numerous, slender; color bright.
Pterogobius. 17 uu. Seales moderate, ctenoid; mouth moderate; isthmus broad. vz. Soft dorsal moderate, of 14 to 20
rays.
w. Cheeks naked; snout short, very bluntly decurved; mouth large, very oblique; pectorals without silk-like rays.
Suruga. 18
ww. Cheeks scaly, at least above;
snout long, moderately de- curved. :
x. Pectorals without free silk-like rays above.
Acanthogobius. 19 : vx. Pectorals with free silk-like rays above -.-Sagamia. 20 vv. Soft dorsal very long, of 20 or more rays; body elongate; caudal
pointed; cheeks naked. Synechogobius. 21
jj). Chin and edge of lower jaw with barbels.
x. Dorsal short, about 6 to 11; scales ctenoid, moderate; barbels many on each side; isthmus broad; (a_ black ocellus on base of caudal above).
Paracheturichthys. 22
vv. Dorsals long, the rays VIII- 14 to 25. 7
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. aL
y- Barbels about 3 on each side; cheeks scaly; scales cy- cloid, deciduous, of moder- atesize; caudal fin pointed; isthmus narrow.
Cheturichthys. 23
yy. Barbels about 10 on each
side; isthmus narrow;
seales moderate, rather
firm; caudal fin truncate;
dorsal raysshort VIII-15.
Ainosus. 24
ii. Teeth trifid in the outer series, the inner series simple; body
robust, covered with rather large ctenoid scales; head very
broad; cheeks tumid, scaleless; tongue rounded; gill openings
separated by a broad isthmus; pectoral without silky rays; ven-
trals as in Gobius, not adnate to the belly; dorsal spines 6; soft dorsal and anal short.
z. Edge of preopercle, pre- orbital, and ramiof lower jaw with fringes of bar- bels; a large pore be- hind eye.
Trixnopogon. 25 zz. Kdge of preopercle, pre- orbital, and lower jaw
without barbels. Tridentiger. 26 aa. Luciogobiine. Spinous dorsal wanting or reduced to a rudiment of less than 6 rays; ventrals small, united in a short, rounded flap; body naked or with small embedded seales; head broad, depressed above, with tumid cheeks;
teeth simple; soft dorsal and anal of moderate length. Spinous dorsal present, of three small spines; isthmus broad.
b’. Body short and deep; the skin largely scaly --.----.-......-.- -Astrabe, 27
bb’. Body elongate. af
ad.
Mouth large, oblique, the chin projecting; body chiefly naked; insertion of
dorsal opposite that of anal; suborbital with barbels_-_--.-- Clariger. 28 cc’. Mouth small, the chin included; body largely scaly; insertion of dorsal far in front of that of anal; suborbital without barbels.
(
Huteniichthys. 29 aa’. Spinous dorsal wanting. d’. Isthmus broad; anal fin moderate, its insertion almost directly below that of dorsal; mouth large, oblique; coloration dark. i Luciogobius. 30 dd’, Isthmus very narrow, the gill openings continued forward below; anal long, its insertion considerably before that of dorsal; mouth moderate; COMOn EADS NCOMby. Greg ee a8 otal sc ag. 2 2 Leucopsarion. 31 II. Soft dorsal and anal very long, joined to the caudal; body eel-shaped, elongate and compressed, naked, or covered with very small scales. e’. Trypauchenine. Temporal region with a deep pit; eyes distinct, small; teeth small; ventral fins small. J’. Ventral fins divided, but united at base....--..----- Trypauchen. 32 ee’, Gobioidine. Temporal region without fossa; eyes scarcely visible; teeth very long; curved, fang-like. g’. Soft dorsal and anal very long, of 35 to 50 rays each.
Txnioides. 33
388 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
1. VIREOSA Jordan and Snyder, new genus. Vireosa JoRDAN and Snyper, new genus (han).
Body greatly elongate, compressed, covered with minute, cycloid, separated, partly embedded scales; head naked, comparatively short, the forehead blunt, rounded; eyes large; chin with a long, flat barbel, followed by three smaller ones. Mouth large, subvertical; some of the teeth long; small canines present. Ventral fins entirely separate, the rays I, 4. Caudal fin with the upper and lower rays ending in long filaments. Dorsal spines not produced, the rays about VI-25; anal fin long. Gill openings wide, the isthmus narrow; gill-rakers long and slender, pseudo-branchiz present.
A single species known, from the coast of Japan. The genus is not close to any other, being nearest Ptereleotris and Oxymetopon. (Vireo, to grow green, the name of a genus of birds.) -
1. VIREOSA HAN Ze Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 5} in length; depth, 63; depth of caudal peduncle, 93; eye, 33 in head; snout, 44; maxillary, 22; D. VI-25; A. 25; P. 21.
Body very long; slender; compressed; caudal peduncle deep. Head short; its depth contained 14 times in its length. Interorbital space slightly convex; the distance between the eyes about equal to their
Fic. 1.—VIREOSA HAN.
longitudinal diameter. Eye large; directed laterally. Snout shorter than diameter of eye; blunt. Lower jaw projecting beyond the upper. Cleft of mouth large; almost vertical. Maxillary extending to a per- pendicular passing midway between pupil and anterior edge of orbit; entirely concealed. Teeth in upper jaw in 2 series; the outer con- sisting of a few large, curved, fang-like canines; the inner of minute, simple teeth, growing close up to and between the canines; side of lower jaw with canines, 2 of which are notably large; minute teeth growing between the larger ones; posteriorly the jaw curves upward; its surface having a row of minute teeth. Tongue slender; compressed laterally; the tip free. Gill openings wide; extending forward below; the width of isthmus separating them about equal to half the diameter of eye. Inner edge of shoulder girdle without protuberances. Pseudo- branchie present. Gill-rakers on first arch long; slender; close set.
No.1244. =GOBIOID FISHES OF. JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 39
Chin mites a Taae, median, fl: at ones ebout as feng as S the diameter of eye, followed by 3 minute ones which are concealed when the large one is depressed. Nostrils without tubes.
Head naked. Body with minute, cycloid, partly embedded scales; smaller and farther apart anteriorly; larger and more close together posteriorly. The scales appear to the unaided eye like shallow depres-
sions in the skin.
Dorsals separate; the spines slender and flexible; the first 5 close together and evenly spaced; the sixth far removed; the distance between its base and that of the sixth about equal to the space occu- pied by the first 5; the last spine when depressed reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Anal inserted below the fourth or fifth ray of dorsal; the rays when depressed extending a little farther posteriorly than those of dorsal; neither reaching base of caudal. Caudal long; the upper and lower rays with long, ribbon-like filaments. Ventrals long; divided to the base; rays I, 4; the spine slender.
Color in spirits, whitish; growing brownish above; a narrow light band on posterior part of body, running from a point a little above insertion of dorsal, backward and upward to near middle of base of caudal; body below the band yellowish white; eye with a slightly oblique silvery band about as wide as the orbit. Dorsal fins somewhat -dusky; center of caudal dusky; upper and lower parts lighter; upper filaments pearly white; the lower ones dusky; anal light, with a nar- now, pearly band at base; pectoral with an indistinct, crescent-shaped light mark near its base.
In life the upper parts are bluish, becoming green on upper part of head with a shade of violet below the green; a reddish blotch at base of pectoral; lateral band above anal, brick red; the band extending on the caudal, where the reddish color becomes diffused over the fin above and below. Spinous dorsal light blue, with a tinge of pink; violet at base, becoming greenish above; 2 indistinct, narrow, blue lines run- ning horizontally near upper edge of fin; caudal bluish, tinged with red; the filaments greenish; pectorals and ventrals with bluish and greenish tints.
The upper edge of the dorsal fins is damaged, so that the height of the rays can not be determined. The tips of the pectoral rays are broken off. The upper edge of the fins shows no trace of filaments.
Measurements.—Length of body, expressed in millimeters, 94; depth, expressed in hundredths of length, 15; depth of caudal peduncle, 40) length of head, 18; length of snout, 45; width of interorbital Beare, 4 4; diameter of orbit, 54; distance from snout to spinous dorsal, 25 E trai snout to soft dorsal, 48; distance from snout to anal, 525; Reiche of longest anal rays, 13; length of caudal peduncle, 10; length of caudal fin, without filaments, 22; with filaments, 52; length of ventral fins, 17.
Type. —No. 6444, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum.
40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Kuro Shiwo of Japan, one specimen known; taken off Misaki in a net used to sweep for Mysi’s, by Professor Mitsukuri. Its colors in life are singularly delicate.
(/Tana, a flower, the name of Professor Mitsukuri’s daughter.)-
2 UN Sree @) ae exer Eu tiia jo elle Asterroplteryx RiiprEii, Atlas, Reise in Nord Afrika, 1828, p. 188 (semipunctatus). Priolepis Enrenperc fide Bleeker. FHypseleotris Git, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 270 (cyprinoides).
Body short, deep, compressed, covered with large, nearly smooth scales; eyes moderate; mouth moderate, the teeth medium, uniserial; chin prominent; no teeth on vomer; no spines on preopercle; dorsals separate, the first of six spines, the second like the anal short and high. Ventrals separate, close together, each I, 5. Gill openings moderate.
Species rather numerous in the East Indian region, one of them ranging north to Japan.
(aornp, star; wrépvé, fin.)
2. ASTERROPTERYX ABAX Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 4 in length: depth 4%; depth of caudal peduncle 64; eye 3% in head; snout 4%; D. VI-11; A. 9; P. 16; seales in lateral series 93; in transverse series 3. ~ Body rather short, greatly compressed; caudal peduncle very deep. Head large; snout short; bluntly rounded. Mouth oblique. Maxil- lary reaching a perpendicular through posterior edge of orbit. Lips
Ye in
Fic. 2.—ASTERROPTERYX ABAX.
thick. Anterior nostril with a high tube. Jaws without barbels. Kyes high in head, directed almost laterally; interorbital space very narrow. Cheeks fleshy, though not much puffed out. Mouth well furnished with strong teeth; upper jaw with 2 series; an outer row of small canines, widely spaced; an inner, narrow band of minute, simple
9
teeth; lower Jaw with 3 series; the outer and inner of large canines;
no.1244. GOBIOT D FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 4]
slightly curved; widely spaced; a narrow band ‘of villiform teeth between the canines. No teeth on vomer. Gill opening not extending far forward; the isthmus broad. No papillee on inner edge of shoulder girdle. Gill-rakers much reduced in size.
Head naked: large pores on interorbital space and behind eyes; a space anterior to dorsal and extending backward a short, distance along its base, and the region anterior to pectoral and ventral fins naked; other parts of the body with large, smooth scales. Anal papille con- spicuous; its distal end fringed.
Fins markedly prominent; dorsals close together; the first spine elongate; when depressed reaching a little beyond insertion of soft dorsal; the latter, when-depressed, reaching past base of caudal. Anal inserted helow base of second-or third dorsal ray; when depressed not reaching so far posteriorly as does the dorsal. Caudal large, rounded. Pectoral pointed; its upper edge without filamentous rays. Ventrals separated at base by a space about equal to half the diameter of eye; sharply pointed; the inner ray much longer than the others.
Color in spirits, light olive; each scale with a dark border; head with black spots, a large prominent one on each side of nape; a median one posterior to these; 2 distinct spots immediately anterior to base of pectoral; rays of dorsals and caudal with small black spots; a vertical row of elongate spots on base of caudal; anal, pectorals, and ventrals with considerable dusky color.
Other specimens were lighter in color, the distinctive markings being more or less plainly represented.
Type.—No. 6445, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. Locality, Misaki, Sagami, Japan.
(afa&, x checker-board.)
Measurements of Asterroplerya abax.
Menrenamanillmeterss2-.s- cece seece auto cee bos eae hie igg $27) 30 Depth expressed in hundredths of length..........-- } 213 233} 22 Depthioncaudalipedunclels ss 4-2 ce .s2-secccssss--- == 16 16 | 16 Men eLONOMMea Gece sates tee ee Seen ce Meee me 25 26 7 HEN SthHOLsu OMe ce eee Heese ee eee ee eel eee ema se 6 6 6 WENO UMIO MAM AR AT os cei ee aie nea cae ee ae eae 11: Ty) 1G Width of interorbital space 2 OPN DigmMeterOlL Orbit: sas cece ss eee oe at oat wae abe 8 6 6 Distance from snout to spinous dorsal .........-..-.- ee 36 | 36 Distance from snout to soft dorsal..........---------- 52 54] 52 Height of longest; dorsal spines!-.-- 234). 5.522-222-c2- 26} 28) 30 Height of longest dorsal rays...........-...- ccmoeees|h, eal 2) 20 DIStance trom SUOUt COaMal inv -22-— seek sees ese c ee aD 57 | 60 Heighrotlonsesthamal rays 3 ssh. 2 se neat cance te eee Ve aed 20 Henpihjorenuds) peduncle i) 15.22 5.2 2 Sis eeee ee [eon 27h 2b engin Ol caudal Anis. 2 een nm ses om ncace ner se 4d basees| 25 ens tM OLrpectoralifinl=cosac..cse~~ = ow a. cone cota e ae bn 27 2EN eT hen sVOL Vemtnalltime ces 6 oss aces ayes ste oeraenicle fe le 22 24] 24 NUM PeToOnMdorsal Spinest-p ses sees soess see oe essen oes 6 6 6 Ineo (2) 900) wea (oy este GS EN ae ae a ee es 11 aby) all NIMC OTA MUETa VS Sa..cce oc eeho eda eee. seme Sooke 9 9 9 Numpberompectoraliraysy..scaseesesssesss soeeeccseoee 16 16 | 16 Number of scales in lateral series..................-- 23 23.) 23 Number of scales in transverse series ..............-- 8 8 8 |
49 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
3. VALENCIENNEA Bleeker.
Valenciennea BLEEKER, Boeroe, 1856, p. 412 (strigata).
Calleleotris Gru, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 270 (strigata).
Valenciennesia BurEKeR, Archives Nederl., 1874, p. 307 (strigata).
Gobiomorus Grit, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1888, p. 69 (taiboa = strigata; not of Lacé-_ pede, 1801; type gronovii = Nomeus, Cuvier).
This genus is allied to FAleotr7s, having the same general form. Body rather elongate; head not much depressed, with no spine or bony crests. Mouth moderate, the jaws subequal, the teeth uniserial or nearly so, unequal; no vomerine teeth; pharyngeal teeth sharp; no preopercular spine; head naked, body covered with small, ctenoid scales; isthmus very broad; dorsal spines 6, elevated; soft dorsal and anal short; caudal convex; ventrals separate, the rays I, 5.
East Indies; species not very numerous, one of them extending northward to the Riu Kiu Islands.
(Named for Achille Valenciennes, the distinguished associate of Cuvier. )
3. VALENCIENNEA MURALIS (Quoy and Gaimard).
Eleotris muralis Quoy and GAIMARD, manuscript, Cuvier and Valenciennes, XII, 1837, p. 253, pl. cccivir, Tukopia.—BLeEKerR, Amboyna and Ceram, p. 276, Amboyna, Ceram.—Ginruer, Cat. Fish., III, 1861, p. 180, Philippines.— Isnixawa, Cat. Fish., 1897, p. 38, Miyakoshima Is., Riukiu.
Valenciennea muralis BLEEKER, Boeroe, 1856, p. 412, Boeroe.
EHleotriodes muralis BLEEKer, Goram, p. 212, Goram.
Eleotris longipinnis Lay and Brnnerr, Beechey’s Voyage of the Blossom, 1839, p- 64, pl. xx, fig. 38, Riukiu, Coll. Lay and Collie.
Head 32; depth 5 to 6; D. VI-1,12; A. I, 12. Scales 80. Interor- bital space half diameter of eye; second, third, and fourth dorsal spines filamentous. Color clear green, brownish in spirits; head and body with red longitudinal bands; back with some irregular dark cross bars; fins yellow; first dorsal with a black spot behind the top of the third spine; dorsal and anal fins with red longitudinal bands; caudal with red and brown spots. (Giinther.)
East Indies; not rare. Two Japanese records, the one that of Lay and Collie, from Riukiu, with a poor sketch, which does not agree with the description, the dorsal filaments being broken; the other that of a specimen from Miyakoshima in the Riu Kiu Islands, noted by Dr. Ishikawa.
(Muralis, pertaining to a wall, the color markings resembling the lines in a stone wall: ‘‘ forment un dessin semblable & des assises de pierre de taille.”’)
4. ODONTOBU TPIS: Bleeker:
Odontobutis BLEEKER, Archives Nerlandaises, IX, 1874, p. 3805 (obscurus).
Body stout, not compressed, covered with rather large, ctenoid scales. Head large, scaly on top and sides, depressed at the crown; no bony crests above; mouth rather large, oblique, the chin projecting; teeth
No.1244. =GOBIOID eines. OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 43
short, in broad bands; no teeth on vomer; doneue broad, rounded; no preopercular spine; isthmus very narrow, the gill membranes almost separate, and not united with the isthmus; branchiostegals unarmed. Dorsal fins short and low, the first of seven spines; ven- trals moderate, separate, each 1, 5.
Japan and China, entering rivers; resembling in form and habit the American genus Dormetator.
(odovs, tooth; But’s a related genus, the name of Indian vernacular origin. )
4. ODONTOBUTIS OBSCURUS (Schlegel). KAWASUSUKI. Eleotris obscura ScHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, Poissons, 1847, p. 149, pl. uxxvit, figs. 1-3; streams tributary to the bay of Nagasaki.—Gitnruer, Cat. Fishes, III, 1861, p. 115, Japan, Chikiang.—Isarkawa, Prel. Cat. Fishes Imp. Mus., 1897, p. 37, Lake Biwa, Maibara, Matsubara, Hikone, Yamashiro, Yamato, Tsuyama. Odontobutis obscura JoRDAN and Snyper, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 370, Yokohama. pend 2 22 in length; depth 4; depen of ae peduncle 22 in head; e 63; shout 34; maxillary 24; D. VII-9; A. 8; P. 15; scales in lat- al series 36, in transverse series 16.
Form robust; the body thick-set; caudal peduncle deep; not much compressed. Head somewhat broader than the body, but less deep; snout long; pointed; the lower jaw projecting beyond the upper. Eye small; directed almost laterally; interorbital space concave; distance between eyes equal to about half their diameter. Mouth oblique; lips broad; maxillary concealed by lip and preorbital; extending to a ver- tical through posterior edge of pupil. Tongue very broad; rounded anteriorly. Teeth simple; in narrow bands on jaws; the outer ones not enlarged. Gill opening extending far forward; the isthmus nar- row. Inner edge of shoulder girdle without papille. Gill-rakers on firstarch 1+ 17; farapart; very stubby. Anterior nostril with a low tube. No barbels on chin.
Occiput and cheeks with small scales; snout, preorbital area, chin and throat naked; body with rather large, finely ctenoid scales.
Dorsal fins separate; spinous dorsal when depressed just reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Anal inserted below base of second or third dorsal ray; the posterior rays longest; reaching slightly farther pos- teriorly when depressed than does the dorsal; both falling far short of base of caudal. Caudel rounded. Pectorals acutely rounded; upper edge without filaments. Ventrals separate; the distance between their bases about equal to two-thirds the diameter of eye.
Body with much brownish or bluish black, in blotches of irregular shape and distribution; sides with 7 or 8 indistinct, narrow, light, lateral bands, which are more pid posteriorly; under part of head with large, light spots.
44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Soft dorsal and anal with dusky spots arranged in longitudinal rows; caudal with indistinct dark vertical bands; 2 or 3 on the basal half of fin broadest; pectoral with indistinct, dark, vertical bands.
Individuals from the same locality show considerable variation in color. Some are lighter, others darker than the one described. The light spots on the chin and throat are often represented by reticula- tions, while in some cases the white predominates, there being scarcely any dark color. Very young specimens have 3 dark bands passing over the back, and a broad band of dark color along the sides.
Described from specimens from the Chikugo River, Kurume. This species reaches a length of nearly a foot. It is rather common in estuaries and river mouths from Tokyo southward. Our specimens are from Tokyo Bay, Lake Biwa (Funaki), Chikugo River, at Kurume, and Kawatana, on the Bay of Omura. It is recorded by Giinther from Chikiang in China.
(obscurus, dusky.)
Measurements of Odontobutis obscurus.
Chikugo River, Se ee Kurume; EMei Chikugo, Japan. | apan,
Length expressed in millimeters...........--.-- 114 | 102 827) 13323 Depth expressed in hundredths of length...---. 26 24) 28 26 | 27 Deprhyoricaudallpeduncless= assesses a= 14 14) 14 ih alg) Menethiont Ineadye sn seek scoot lmmie mie ewioeeceine 36 35 30 30} 30 Mens throimsnOutss sconces oes see oe eee cee eee 11 iO alta) 113) 122 Mens thro maar yee eee eee eee ee eee ree eee 15 15 16 16} 15 Width of interorbital space 2-22. ------4£.--5--- 8 9 8 | 8 9} Digmetenionorbltes Uses ces ae eee ee ees 6 52 7 5 5i Distance from snout to spinous dorsal... ...------ 463 45 16 46 16 Distance from snout to soft dorsal.......-.------- 622) - 632 64 64 64 Height of longest dorsal spines .........-------- 113 12 113 14 13 Heishtoflonsest dorsal rays: -- eee re eee eee 15 14 152 15 14 Distance from snout to anal fin..........--.---- 692 67 67 711i) 70 Hershtiotlongestanail Tavs: -So.e5: 2 -ea-see 153 143} 153 144) 15 Length of caudal peduncle. .--.....-..--.---:--- 233| 23 23 PPO PA ReneihoOncaudalsiniges.- sees eee es sae eee 26 25 26 223) 23 hens thro cpectoralitims sos... 2s eee smear sere 24 25 24} 213| 23 Mensthioh ventral dims 26 ens eele eee eae sey 17 183} 19 163] 153 Num ibDerOndorsalisplies! ste -e- acee eee eee ace 7 7 | 8 7 Ntmbenoicdonsalenaiveiices a: soe = sacs eee eee 10 9 9 10 9 INUIMbErOMAMaTaAVGie acne eae = een ee Seen 8 9 8 8 8 Number of scales in lateral series.........-.-.-- 35 36 34 3d 32 Number of scales in transverse series ........--- ily 16 17 14 15
5) ELEOTRIS: (Gronoy,)) Schneider:
Eleotris Gronow, Zooph., 17638, p. 88 (nonbinomial). Eleotris SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 65 (pisonis). Culius BurEEKER, Archiv. Néerl., IX, 1874,p. 308 (fuscus).
Body long and low, compressed behind. Head long, low, flattened above, without spines or crests, almost everywhere scaly. Mouth large, oblique, lower jaw projecting. Lower pharyngeals rather broad, the teeth small, bluntish. Preopercle with a small concealed spine below, its tip hooked forward. Branchiostegals unarmed. Eyes small, high, anterior; isthmus broad. Tongue broad, rounded. — Post- temporal bones very strongly divergent, their insertions close together;
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 45
top of skull somewhat elevated and declivous; interorbitat area slightly
convex transversely; dorsal fins well apart, the first of 5 or 6 low,
flexible spines; ventrals separate. Scales moderate, ctenoid, 45 to 70
in a longitudinal series; vertebrae (pdsonis) 11415. Tropical seas,
entering fresh waters.
(nAeorpis, name of some small fish in the Nile, possibly from Aéeds, bewildered, or éA€0s, a pitiable thing.)
a. Scales small, about 70. Seales of sides with dark centers, forming longitudinal
streaks; usually a dusky lateral band; dorsal and caudal with distinct series
of brown dots, anal and pectoral faintly barred.................... fusca. 5
aa. Scales larger, about 50. Sides with pale streaks along the series of scales and
with dark dots; head below with round, pale spots; fins with serrated
nO wna am Cees Sete et mee ek SR PO AE ee eld! oxycephala. 6
5. ELEOTRIS FUSCA (Schneider).
Pecilia fusca SCHNEIDER, Bloch, Syst., 1801, p. 453. (After Cobitis pacifica Forster Ms. Insulze oviadee.)
Eleotris fusca GUNTHER, Cat. Fishes, III, 1861, p. 125, Ganges, Calcutta, Bengal, Amboyna, Aneitum, Oualan, Wanderer Bay, Ceylon, Canton.—IsHixawa, Prel. Cat. Fishes, 1897, p. 31, Riukiu Islands.
Cheilodipterus culius BucHANAN and Hami.ron, Fish. Ganges, p. 55, pl. v, fig. 16, Ganges.
Eleotris nigra Quoy and Gaimarp, Zool. Voy. Freyeinct, Zool., p. 259, pl. ux, fig. 2, Guam, Waigiou.—CuvieR and VALENCIENNES, XII, 1837, p. 235; Isle de France, Ganges, Malabar, Bombay, Java, Otaiti, Borabora, Society Islands, Madagascar.
Culius niger BLEEKER, Boeroe, p. 411, Boeroe.
Eleotris mauritianus BENNETT, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc., I, 1831, p. 166, Mauritius.
Head 3} in length; depth 4; depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head; eye 6; snout 34; maxillary 23; D. VI-9; A. 9; P. 18; scales in lateral series 73; in transverse series 23.
Body low, deep; compressed posteriorly; the caudal peduncle deeper and more compressed than that of 7. oxycephala. Eyes small; directed almost laterally; interobital space flat; distance between eyes slightly greater than length of snout. Snout sharp; lower jaw projecting. Mouth oblique; lips rather narrow; maxillary almost entirely con- cealed, extending to a vertical passing between pupil and posterior edge of orbit. Tongue rounded anteriorly. Teeth simple; in bands on both jaws; the outer and inner ones slightly enlarged; a narrow naked space on lower jaw at the symphysis. Gill openings not extend- ing far forward below; width of isthmus about equal to length of maxillary. Gill-rakers on first arch 2+ 10; reduced to mere eleva- tions. Inner edge of shoulder girdle without papille. Nostrils small; the anterior with a tube. No barbels on jaw. Edge of pre- opercle with a strong, sharp spine, which projects downward and for- ward.
Head almost completely scaled; a small, naked area in front of the eye and on anterior part of chin; minute scales on upper part of head, running forward on snout; on cheeks, rami of lower jaw, and on
46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
branchiostegal region. Body covered everywhere with small scales; those on nape, breast, and belly cycloid; on sides weakly ctenoid.
Dorsal spines slender; flexible; the tips with short, projecting fila- ments; the spines when depressed reaching slightly beyond insertion of soft dorsal. Caudal rounded. Anal rays longest posteriorly; when depressed they reach as far backward as do those of the dorsal, both falling far short of reaching the base of caudal. Pectorals pointed; the upper rays without free filaments. Ventrals separate; pointed.
Color in spirits, brownish; with indistinct, narrow, longitudinal, dark bands on body; 3 narrow, brownish bands radiating from posterior edge of eye.
This description is of specimens about 130 millimeters long, collected by Dr. O. P. Jenkins in Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands.
Islands and shores of the Western Pacific Ocean, especially in the mouths of streams; recorded from many localities. ‘The only Japanese record is that of a specimen in the Imperial Museum, recorded by Ishikawa, from the Riukiu Islands.
(fusca dusky.)
6. ELEOTRIS OXYCEPHALA (Schlegel).
Eleotris oxycephala ScHuEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1845 or 1846, p. 150, pl. Lxxvit, figs. 4, 5, Nagasaki.—Gtinruer, Cat. Fish, III, 1861, p. 116, China.—Jorpan and Snyper, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 371, Lake Biwa.
Eleotris cantherius RicHarpson, Ich. China, 1846, p. 209, Macao.
Head 3% in length; depth 4; depth of caudal peduncle 2} in head; eve 83; snout 33; maxillary; D. V-9; A. 9; P. 18; scales in lateral series 50; in transverse series, 15.
Body deep; compressed; caudal peduncle greatly compressed. Head long; pointed. Snout rather sharp; the lower jaw projecting. Eyes very small; directed laterally; interorbital area flat; the distance between eyes 3% times their longitudinal diameter. Mouth very oblique. Maxillary except its distal part concealed; reaching a vertical between pupil and posterior edge of orbit. Tongue broad; the anterior edge concave. Teeth simple; in rather broad bands on jaws; the anterior and posterior ones enlarged. Gill openings not extending very far forward; the width of isthmus equal to length of snout. Inner edge of shoulder girdle without elevations. Gill-rakers on first arch 3+ 10; stubby; covered with sete. Posterior border of pre- opercle with a blunt spine which projects downward. Anterior nostril with a low tube. No barbels on lower jaw.
Head with scales, except on snout, throat, and chin; occiput and cheeks with small cycloid scales. Body with large ctenoid scales; those on nape, breast, and belly smaller; cycloid.
Dorsals separate; the spines when depressed just reaching insertion of soft dorsal; posterior rays of soft dorsal longest; when depressed they reach base of caudal. Caudal rounded. Anal inserted below
aF os
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 4%
bases of second or third dorsal rays; when depressed the rays do not quite reach base of caudal. Pectoral acutely rounded; the upper rays without filamentous tips. Ventrals separate; pointed.
Seales with subdued, dark, lateral bands; a narrow brownish band running obliquely downward from eye to edge of preopercle; a simi- lar but shorter band above the latter extending directly backward. Spinous dorsal with two brownish lines running horizontally; soft dor- sal with brownish, inverted V-shaped marks on the membranes. Caudal and pectorals with small brownish spots arranged in vertical rows. Anal with indistinct dark markings.
Described from a specimen about 230 millimeters long from near Yokohama. <A smaller specimen has 6 dorsal spines.
Coasts of China and southern Japan, rather rare, entering fresh
yaters; our specimens from Haneda, near Yokohama, from Waka- noura, and from Lake Biwa. _ (0&vs, sharp; Ke¢dahn, head.)
6. BOLEOPHTHALMUS Cuvier and Valenciennes. Boleophthalmus Cuvier and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XII, 1837, p. 198 (bodderti). Scartelaos Swainson, Classn. Fishes, IT, 1839, p. 279 (viridis). Boleops Gin, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 271 (aucupatorius).
Body elongate, compressed behind; covered with very small or rudi- mentary scales. Head not depressed nor compressed, the mouth moderate, little oblique, the lower jaw included. HKyes placed high, close together, prominent, the lower eyelid well developed. ‘Teeth in one row above, two below; some of the upper prominent, canine-like, projecting; outer row of lower teeth nearly horizontal (dilated at tip in typical species). Tongue broad, rounded, and scarcely free at tip. Dorsal fins separate, the first high, of about 5 slender spines, fila- mentous at tip; second dorsal and anal long; caudal rounded; basal portion of the pectoral tin muscular and covered with small scales; ventral fins completely united; caudal oblong, the lower part obliquely truncate; isthmus broad.
Fishes of the estuaries of the East Indies, one species extending northward to Japan. Like the species of Periophthalmus, they are able to skip about on the mud by the use of the muscular pectorals.
(Bodn, throwing; odbadpos, eye.)
7. BOLEOPHTHALMUS CHINENSIS (Osbeck),
Apocryptes chinensis OspecK, Aman. Acad., 1754, p. 29, fig. 23, Coll. Lagerstrom, Canton; Reise nach China, 1757, p. 170, Canton, pre-Linnzean; Voyage to China, English edition, 1771, p. 200, Canton.
Gobius pectinirostris GMELIN, Syst. Nat., I, 1788, p. 1200, China, after Lagerstrom and Osbeck, and of the copyists Bonnaterre, Schneider, Lacépéde, Shaw, ete.
Apocryptes pectinirostris CuvirR and VALENCIENNES, XII, 1837, p. 150 (after Osbeck ).
48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Boleophthalmus pectinirostris spicy: eae China, 1846, p. 208, Canton.— Giinruer, Cat. Fish., III, 1861, p. 102, Penang, Molucca, Ningpo, Amoy.— IsnHrkAwa, Cat. Fish., 1897, p. 38, ca (Nagasaki), China.
Boleophthalmus bodderti SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1847, p. 148, pl. uxxv1, fig. 3, Nagasaki (not Gobius boddxrti Pallas, of the East Indies).
Head 41 in length; depth 64; depth of caudal peduncle 24 in head; eye 6; snout 3%; maxillary 24; D. V-25; A. 25; P. 19.
Body notably elongate; ‘audal peduncle deep; compressed. Head of moderate size, a little broader than body. Snout rather short, blunt. Eyes small, the lower lid enlarged so that it easily covers the eye; upper part of eye with skin similar to that of head. Interorbital space narrow; a slight ridge along its middle. Mouth oblique; upper lip thick; maxillary concealed throughout, extending to a vertical through a point a little posterior to eye. Tongue not free at tip. Teeth of upper jaw ina single row; 3 or 4 enlarged canines on each side anteriorly; the teeth posterior to the canines Abrepile smaller; sharp; those of lower jaw in 2 rows; the inner row represented by a strong canine on each side of symphysis; those of the outer row placed horizontally; projecting outward beyond edge of jaw; anteriorly, simple and with rounded points; posteriorly, their cutting edges are broadened and notched. Gull openings small, restricted to the sides. No elevations on inner edge of shoulder girdle. Gill-rakers 6+6; short; pointed. No barbels on chin.
Head and anterior parts of body covered with conspicuous, conical, tubular papille. (On some specimens the skin is covered with mucus, the large openings of the tubes looking like white spots.) Body with cycloid scales; rather large posteriorly, becoming smaller and disap- pearing anteriorly. ;
Dorsals separate; the spines long, slender, and filamentous; the third projecting about half its length beyond the membrane; aon dorsal with a very long base; the rays of about the same height throughout. Anal inserted below base of fourth dorsal ray; similar in shape to dorsal, except that the rays are much shorter; when depressed, reaching base of caudal, but not extending so far posteriorly as do those of the dorsal. Caudal and pectorals rather acutely rounded; no filaments on upper edge of the latter. Ventrals short; free posteriorly.
Color of body plain brownish. Spinous dorsal bluish, with round or slightly oblong white spots with darker borders. Soft dorsal of same color, with elongate white spots arranged in 7 longitudinal rows; the spots more nearly round near base of fin, becoming elongate and linear near the top. Caudal with round or elongate white spots in vertical rows. Other fins light in color and without spots.
Coast of China and Japan, generally common in muddy bays south- ward. Our description based on specimens from the Bay of Tokyo. We also have representatives from Nagasaki.
no. 1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 49
Measurements of Boleophthatmus chinensis.
Bayof | . ene: Tokyo. | Nagasaki. ‘) Length expressed in millimeters...........-.-- 141 120 146 Depth expressed in hundredths of length....-. 17 15 164 DepibiOmcauOali peduncle: S222 sass cose = 9 103} 94 Menguhrorineadysss= 8-8 ster cnes eae ecenes ole 243 26 | 24 en SthOmenOuti eo k ss eee Se ee eee ce 7 62 62 Menoth otemanlary: 2.2 ones ace cscmece fcccss ce 12 12 11 Waidthiofsinterorbital space </- 5-22. -24-\,.-2--<-- 1 1 1 DinmMetermomol plas ee eee eee teen ee sae 4 1% 4 , Distance from snout to spinous dorsal. -....----- 33 34 | 33 Distance from snout to soft dorsal.........-.-.. 51 52 | fae Height of longest dorsal spines ...-.....--.-..- 34 36 352 Height of longest dorsal rays ..:...--.-----=--- 14 14 164 Distance from snout to anal fin .......----.-.--- 56 57 | 562 Heicht of longestianal raya: so.2220-2.. 252.28. 9 8 | 92 Length of caudal peduncle... =. -.- 5-222 ---4- 9 8 | 7 Mens thy OMeCaAUGal AN ss. 2— ee sees = odes. cee 23 25 | 27 Meno tO OL spectral sere see a aos saoceeeae 15 14 16 Meneth Of VENUal fins: toc. . tec nese nce ee 16 12 16 Nimiberot.dorsall spines 2-2 2.5 226s esc oc 5 5 | 5 Number ordorsalitays) S205. ss cee se ee AN 25 25 25 INIM Peron cma Tash eek Soon oana er tae 2 25 25 25 |
7- PERIOPHTHALMUS Schneider. Periophthalmus SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., Bloch, 1801, p. 63 (papilio). Huchoristopus Giit, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 271 (kelreuteri). ? Periophthalmodon BuLEEKER, Archiy. Néerl., LX, 1874, p. 326 (schlosseri), (Ven- ‘tral fins more nearly united; dorsal spines in smaller number; scales large. )
Body oblong, subcylindrical, covered with very small cycloid scales. Head large, the sides with minute scales; mouth rather small, hori- zontal, the chin included; teeth moderate, conical, vertical in both jaws; eyes high, very close together, erectile, the outer eyelid well developed; tongue broad, rounded, little free at tip. Dorsal fins 2, the first long of 10 to 15 spines; second dorsal and anal short; pectoral fin with a scaly muscular base; ventral fins broad each I, 5, more or less completely separated; caudal obliquely truncate below. Isthmus broad. Vertebre 11 + 15 = 26. No air bladder.
Small fishes of the estuaries and mud flats of the Kast Indian region, one species ranging northward to Japan. They are said to range about on land in muddy places, in pursuit of insects, etc.,on which they feed.
(wepi, around; ofbarpos, eye.)
8. PERIOPHTHALMUS CANTONENSIS (Osbeck).
Apocryples cantonensis OsBecK, Reise nach China, 1757, p. 171, Canton, pre- Linnean; Voyage to China, English edition, 1771, p. 201, Canton.
Periophthalmus modestus Cantor, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., IX, 1842, p. 29, Chusan.— Ricnarpson, Ich. China, 1846, pp. 208, 319 (after Cantor and Schlegel).
Periophthalmus modestus SCHLEGEL, Fauna Japonica, 1847, p. 147, pl. uxxv1, fig. 2, Nagasaki.
Periophthalmus keelreuteri, var. modestus GinTHER, Cat. Fish., III, 1861, p. 98, Ningpo, Hongkong, Chusan.—Isurkawa, Cat. Fish., 1897, p. 38, Gyotaku, Shimosa, Kishiw, Hizen.
Gobius tannoao RicHarpson, Ichth. China, 1846, p. 206 (after Osbeck).
Head 4 in length; depth 53; depth of caudal peduncle 24 in head;
Toc. Nv. vol. xxiv—o1——_ 4
5O PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
eye 48; snout 34; maxillary 23; D. XIV-12; A. 12; P. 14; scales in lateral series 75; in transverse series 27.
Body elongate; compressed. Head large; the snout notably short and blunt anteriorly. Eyes small; high in head; their upper edges projecting above the dorsal contour; interorbital space very narrow; with a median linear depression. Cleft of mouth horizontal. Lips thin; pendulous; suborbital part of head with a pendulous flap. Maxillary completely concealed; extending to a vertical through pupil. Teeth ina single row in each jaw; simple, strong, and sharp; no enlarged canines. Gill opening small. Gill-rakers on first arch minute; stubby; no barbels on chin. Lower eyelid’well developed; capable of extending over the whole eye.
Head naked except on upper edge of opercle and on occiput. Body with very small cycloid scales.
Spinous dorsal long and high, the spines varying in number from 12 to 16; higher anteriorly, growing gradually shorter posteriorly; when depressed not reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Rays of soft dorsal of about the same length throughout. Anal inserted on a ver- tical passing a little anterior to insertion of soft dorsal, its rays when depressed not reaching so far posteriorly as do those of dorsal, both falling far short of base of caudal. Pectorals and caudal rounded. Ventrals short; partially united by a very thin membrane.
Color in spirits brownish; darker above than -below; small dark specks scattered over sides and upper parts. Color of spinous dorsal growing a little darker toward border of fin. Soft dorsal with a row of brown spots, one on each ray, along its base; a broad brownish | band a little above middle of fin; outer parts of fin transparent. Caudal and pectorals dusky; the latter with brown specks. Anal and ventrals light.
Coasts of China, Korea, and southern Japan; rather common in muddy bays. Here described from specimens collected at Yotoku, Bay of Tokyo, presented by the lnperial Museum.
Measurements of Periophthalmus cantonensis.
l Length expressed in millimeters................ 68 | 69 73 66 | 66 Depth expressed in hundredths of length.....-.- 20) 9 eeL9 187) 28 Depthiol cauGdalmeduneles ss saa--csccee-eeeecee 11 gi) 11 LOM) Ppl: engci hor hedges =: 5. Jol Mos oe sen co seeeaestene 25 24 | 242) 24) 25 Mens thvohismouibic,.-i-< scene os eeees actiase-meeoae 6 6 6 (lf ee Hens MoOmmaxdUanyn ss oc no sees oeeee meee ae 82} 8 8 Sr es Widthiotanterorbital space... 2c... <-sceeeeceenees 1 a 1 1 1 Diameterovonrbpits. 3c. -.< 50-2 sacs eee eee eee 51 5 ae Beil at Distance from snout to spinous dorsal........--- 39 Bt St) 34 | 36 Distance from snout to soft dorsal..........-...- 61 59 59 59 | 61 Height of longest dorsal spines..............---- 18 153| 18 TOT als Height of longest dorsal rays.............-.- =e, 13 12 13 1S) 3 Distance from snout to anal fin .............-... 64 60) 613 G5) 261" Height of longest anal rays...............--.+..- 8 7 | 83 8 7 Len¢eth of caudal peduncles: 5.25. .2-seenseeene 20 20 | 21 21 20
hens thyvonesud pehint= =. snocsc ccm tee seeeee ene 22 991| 23 935), 9519} enpihorpeGtora lution sos ee een 99)|| 7905) a9 D1 | aeli7 Mens thiokwenitra) fimiees esse o...s-lececoee eens 123 1 | ae pape rib Number/ofidorsal Spies.” ... =... 2-./.+-5-ceeeeeee 13 13%)" 728 13 | 16 INUMMbenone Onsaluray sees... sce Aacee eee 12 12 ele 1 Pe nes INtimibernotiemalimaviciies er bass: - A= aoa soeee eee 12 12 12 12) 92 2 Number of scales in lateral series -......-..- ee 76 74 78 75) 73 a Number of scales in transverse series........---- 28 27 | 26 26 26
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 5
8. HAZEUS Jordan and Snyder. Hazeus JORDAN and SNybrER, new genus (otakii).
This genus agrees with Cfenogobius in all respects, except that the cheeks are covered with large scales, as in Bollmannia, from which the presence of but six dorsal spines especially separates it. Two species known. (//aze, the Japanese name for all small gobies.)
9g. HAZEUS OTAKII Jordan and Snyder, new species
Head 33 in length; depth 54; depth of caudal peduncle 2% in head; eye 3; snout 4; maxillary 22; D. VI-9; A. 10; P. 17; seales in lateral series 24, in transverse series 7.
Body thickset; the contours sloping slowly and gradually from head to caudal peduncle, which is about half as deep as body. Head large; as broad as deep. Snout short; rather pointed. Eyes large, directed obliquely upward; interorbital space very narrow. Mouth oblique; the jaws equal; maxillary extending about to edge of pupil, concealed beneath the suborbital and the thick lip. Teeth simple; in bands on
ve . MON (00 c Ciinailes
XS ROO
Fic. 3.—HAZEUS OTAKII.
both jaws; outer ones considerably enlarged; the most posterior large tooth on each side of lower jaw a little stronger than the others and curved backward. Gill openings not extending far forward; the isthmus narrow. No papille on inner edge of shoulder girdle. Gill- rakers rather long; not very slender. No barbels on jaw. Anterior nostril with a tube.
Head with large cycloid scales on nape and cheeks; snout, chin, and throat naked. Body with large ctenoid scales, which are easily dis- placed. Scales on occiput and nape large, there being 7 in a row between interorbital space and base of first dorsal spine. Anal papilla notably long and slender.
Dorsals separate; highest spines about equal in length to depth of
body; rays a little higher; when depressed, the fin does not reach base of caudal. Anal inserted below base of second or third dorsal ‘ay; tip of depressed fin reaching slightly farther backward than does
52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
the domsal. SPesiona pointed; upper edge of fin without filaments. Ventrals free posteriorly, extending to vent.
Body with 6 small, dark spots along the sides; the anterior one at upper edge of gill opening; the posterior on base of caudal fin; branchiostegal membranes ‘aed with dusky; each scale on head and body with a dusky margin. Dorsals and caudal with small black blotches arranged in wavy lines; anal broadly bordered with dusky; pectorals and ventrals with but little dusky color.
The species is represented by a single specimen, 44 millimeters long, from Nagasaki. It is recorded as type No. 6446, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum.
(Named for Keinosuke Otaki, professor in the Imperial Military Academy of Tokyo, a former student of Stanford University, who accompanied us in our travels through northern Japan, and to whom we are indebted for many favors.)
9. GOBIUS (Artedi) Linnzeus.
Gobius Arrept, Genera, 1738, p. 28 (niger) Gobius Linn.xus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1758, p. 262 (niger).
Body oblong, compressed behind. Head oblong, moderately depressed; the snout rounded. Eyes large, anterior, close together; opercles unarmed. Mouth moderate, not greatly oblique, the chin not prominent. Teeth conical, in few series, none of them canine. ‘Tongue not notched; isthmus broad. Skull depressed, abruptly widened behind the eyes and without distinct median keel. Scales moderate, ctenoid, cheeks naked, no barbels; no fleshy flaps on shoulder girdle. Dors al with 6 slender spines and about 10 soft rays. Anal short; ventrals fully united, not adnate to the belly; pectorals with free, or silk-like rays above; caudal fin obtuse.
Species few, but widely diffused; found in all warm seas.
(Gobius, the gudgeon, or other small fish.)
10. GOBIUS PCECILICHTHYS Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 33 in length; depth 5; depth of caudal peduncle 2+ in head; eye 34; snout 23; maxillary 92; D. VI-10; A. 9; P.18; scales in lateral series 37, In transverse series 13.
Body rather thickset; cylindrical anteriorly; the caudal peduncle compressed. Head as broad as body. Eyes large; directed laterally; the upper edges projecting slightly, making the interorbital space con- cave. .Snout blunt, rather acutely rounded. Jaws equal; lips wide, the lower forming a broad fold over the upper at their union; maxil- lary entirely concealed, extending to a vertical passing between pupil and anterior margin of orbit. Teeth simple, in rather broad bands on jaws, the outer ones somewhat enlarged. Tongue broad anteriorly,
No.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 53
only the edge of tip free. Gill openings restricted laterally; isthmus very broad; its width almost equal to depth of caudal peduncle; edge of shoulder girdle without papille. Gill-rakers slender.
Head naked; no barbels on chin; anterior nostrils with tubes. Body with large, finely ctenoid scales; those on nape and breast minute.
Dorsals separate, though close together; spines slender, the anterior ones highest; rays somewhat higher than spines, growing gradually shorter from before backward. Anal inserted below third or fourth dorsal ray, extending posteriorly as far as dorsal, both falling far short of base of caudal. ‘audal large, broadly rounded. Pectoral rounded posteriorly, its upper edge with conspicuous, free filaments. Ventrals nearly reaching vent; free posteriorly.
Head and body clouded with brownish black. Spinous dorsal with a broad, blackish blotch; fin with a wide, white margin; the first spine with 4 small, black spots. Soft dorsal with narrow, zigzag, dusky bands; the spine with 3 small, elongate, black spots. Unper two- thirds of caudal with oblong, dusky spots; lower third without marks.
Fig, 4.—GOBIUS P@CILICHTHYS.
Pectoral with indistinct, dusky spots arranged in vertical rows. Ventrals and anal with a little dusky color; the latter with a white margin.
The species is represented by 2 specimens, the type No. 6448, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, and another very small one from Misaki, Sagami.
Measurements.—Length expressed in millimeters, 48; depth ex- pressed in hundredths of length, 21; depth of caudal peduncle, 13; length of head, 29; length of snout, 10; length of maxillary, 11; width of interorbital space, 1; diameter of orbit, 74; distance from snout to spinous dorsal, 37; to soft dorsal, 55; height of longest dorsal spines, 14; rays, 173; distance from snout to anal, 51; height of longest anal rays, 15; length of caudal peduncle, 24; length of caudal fin, 25; length of pectoral, 25; of ventral, 23.
Pacilichthys, moukii os variegated; iy4vs fish, name of a genus of American Percidze, which this fish much resembles.
or rx
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
10° CLENOGOBIUGS Gill:
Ctenogobius Git, Fish. Trinidad, 1858, p. 374 (fasciatus).
Euctenogobius Git, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., N. Y., 1859, p. 45 (badius). Rhinogobius Gru, Proe. Ac. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1859 (similis).
Coryphopterus Grit, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1863, p. 263 (glaucofrenum). Acentrogobius BuEEKER, Archiy. Néerl., IX, 1874, p. 321 (chlorostigma). Zonogobius BurEKER, Archiv. Néerl., [X., 1874, p. 323 (semifasciatus).
Body oblong, compressed behind. Head oblong, not much de- pressed. Eyes high, anterior, close together; opercles unarmed. Mouth moderate, the lower jaw usually shortest. Teeth on jaws only, conical, in few or several series, those in the outer row enlarged; no large canines; tongue usually truncate. Isthmus broad. Shoulder girdle without fleshy flaps or papille. Skull depressed, abruptly widened behind the eyes and without distinct median keel. Scales moderate or large, ctenoid, permanently covering the body; cheeks naked; opercles naked, or scaled above only; belly generally scaly. Dorsal. with 6 rather weak spines; pectorals well developed, the upper rays without free or silk-like tips; ventrals completely united, not adnate to the belly; caudal fin usually obtuse.
Species numerous in Asia and America. The genus Ctenogobius, as here understood, comprises a large number of species more or less closely related to the European genus (Gobius, in which genus the species have been usually placed. The species of Gob/us are larger in size, with a different physiognomy and with silk-like free tips to the upper rays of the pectorals.
(«teis, comb; Gobius.) t I. Opercles scaly on the upper half; scales about 36; body with dark bands and
streaks; first dorsal filamentous, with a black blotch on last rays; caudal streaked =. ....2. st. oper c = See ae ee ee ee abet. 11 If. Opercles entirely naked.
a. Nape with a naked area; head rather large; dorsal spines in adult filamentous. b. Seales 31; body rather robust; dorsal elevated in the adult and margined with
white; caudal unspotted; body olivaceous, with faint lateral blotches. similis, 12 bb. Scales 26; body more elongate; dorsals edged with black, finely spotted; caudal spotted above, the lower part abruptly without spots, body with smallispots ee tt 22 saa: Biss 2 ae po a ee gymnanuchen. 13
aa. Nape closely scaled; scales of body 26 to 28.
c. Head large, 34 in length; fins large; sides with 6 conspicuous black spots; dorsals spotted; caudal with faint wavy bands .......---- hadropterus. 14
cc. Head moderate, about 4 in length. d. Body sparsely covered with round dark spots, and with faint longitudinal
stripes; dorsal spotted; caudal vaguely banded ..--.--..- campbelli. 15 dd. Body without well-defined round black spots; a black bloteh at base of caudal.
e. Sides with 5 distinct narrow streaks along the rows of scales; eye small, nearly 4 in head; no long dark blotch on chin and throat.
virgatulus. 16
ee. Sides without well defined stripes; eye large, 3 in head; branchiostegal
renion iblackisht=. (si... eae eee ee Ot ee pflaumi. 17
ae ell
iw
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 5
11. CTENOGOBIUS ABEI Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 33 in length; depth 54; depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head; eye 33; snout 4; maxillary 23; D. VI-9; A. 9; P. 16; scales in lateral series 36, in transverse series 13.
Body short, thick, cylindrical anteriorly; caudal peduncle com- pressed. Head large; snout bluntly rounded. Eyes of moderate size directed laterally; interorbital space somewhat convex; distance between eyes equal to 13 times their diameter. Mouth oblique; jaws equal; maxillary concealed, extending to a vertical through posterior part of pupil. Teeth in narrow bands on both jaws; the outer ones enlarged. Tongue concave anteriorly. Gill openings restricted to the sides; isthmus broad; its width contained about 3 times in head. No papille on inner edge of shoulder girdle. Gill-rakers very short and blunt. Anterior nostril with a tube. No barbels on head.
Fig. 5.—CTENOGOBIUS ABEI.
Occiput and upper part of opercles with scales, head otherwise naked; body covered everywhere with finely ctenoid scales, small anteriorly, growing gradually larger posteriorly.
Dorsals separate; the spines with long, projecting filaments; when depressed they reach beyond insertion of soft dorsal; rays a little longer posteriorly; when depressed not reaching base of caudal. Anal inserted below base of second dorsal ray; hie depressed, reaching as far posteriorly as does the dorsal. Caudal rounded. Pectorals pointed; the upper rays without free filaments. Ventrals free poste- riorly from belly.
Color in spirits, light olive, mottled and banded with brownish black. Anterior half of body with 5 broad, vertical dark bands; posterior half with 2 longitudinal dark bands extending on base of caudal fin; the upper band connected with its fellow on the opposite side of body by indistinct dark bands which nearly coalesce into a dark mass of color. Head with dark reticulations. Spinous dorsal with a black
56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
spot on its posterior part; soft dorsal, anal, pectorals and ventrals dusky; caudal dusky, with dark lines running in the direction of the rays.
Type.—No. 6447, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum, col- lected at Wakanoura, Kai.
Another specimen has 41 scales in the lateral series and 15 in the transverse series.
The species is easily distinguished from //, ofak77 by its much smaller scales and peculiar dark color markings.
(Named for Mr. Kakichi Abe, of Tokyo, a former student of Stan- ford University, who accompanied us in our travels throughout south- ern Japan, to the great advantage of our work.)
Measurements of Ctenogobius abei.
Heneth imam mMetersissce coe cs seen eee eee eee 86 | 35 Depth expressed in hundredths of length. wists Saree Serene ee 20) | a9) Depthror caudal peduncles -s.sseeeee eee eee eee eee 1 ale} ene th Of Ieadhs.8 secs shoes oe eo eee oes See eel 27 4\, 29 hens thot SHOUTS ce cacao wee ete a comer ena oe eee 6 7 Widthrorinteronbitallispaces-s-5--eaeeee eee eee ee neeene 6 7 Diameterororbit-ts- ssa cees one aces aetna mee H 6 5 Distance from snout to spinous dorsal.......--....----- 38 | 38 Distance from snout to soft dorsal ..............-..-.-..| 58 | 60 Heightiof longest dorsal/spimesi. -.- 2. --osesaeeeeee ae oe 24) 3 Height of longest: dorsaliravsss:s--- =. -sekeeeee seer Biya) Distance fromysnout tony Mineeee soe eee eee ae 60 | 57 Heichtiof longest -analiraysie=ses---e- eee ae aoe eee 13: || 16 hence tnoLcaudalipedunecles sa. sss eee eee eee 24) 24 eng thi of caudal fing see. 2 2 sn eee eee eens 23°|| 25 Bengthiof pectoral sins: < 22s sssn0 sence See neste oowse 22a) 22 beneth Ofsventralstink ne see econ cee eee ee eee eee 16 16 INtimberob Gorsalispinestee se mae eens ee ae eee 6 6 Numberiot dorsal manyseemece cess cece ceases 4) 9 Numiber ofcamalirayste=--= ce cscee eee cess 9 9 Number of scales in lateral series ..............- Es 41 36 Number of scales in tramsverse series .............----- bse 13
12, CTENOGOBIUS SIMILIS (Gill).
Rhinogobius similis Giiu, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1859, p. 145, near Shimoda. Coll. J. Morrow, Comm. Perry Exp.
Gobius similis JorpDAN and Snyper, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 372, Ishikawa Province, Japan; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 759, Vokoheue Tsushima, Coll. P. L. Jouy.
Gobius jokohann Gitnruer, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1877, p. 437, Yokohama.
Head 3% in length; depth 5; depth of caudal peduncle 23 in head; eye 54; snout 24; maxillary 2; D. VI-9; A. 9; P.19; scales in longi- tudinal series 31, in ee ee series 11.
Head and body of nearly the same depth throughout, the caudal peduncle slightly constricted. Head very broad; its width contained 12 in its length; the muscles of the cheeks greatly developed, and bulged out far beyond the contour of the body. Eyes small, directed obliquely upward, projecting above the dorsal outline of head, making the interorbital space convex. Snout long, rather blunt. Jaws about equal, the upper slightly projecting. Maxillary entirely concealed by the fleshy lip and overhanging preorbital, extending to a vertical
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 57
passing between anterior edge of orbit and pupil. Teeth in narrow bands on both jaws; those in outer row of upper jaw considerably enlarged; the outer ones of lower jaw enlarged, though somewhat smaller than the corresponding ones above. The area bearing teeth extends farther back on the lower than on the upper jaw. Gill open- ing not extending far forward, the width of the isthmus contained about 3 times in length of head. Inner edge of shoulder girdle with a narrow ridge, but without papille. Gill-rakers on first arch 2+ 8; short; pointed; far apart. Anterior nostril with a short tube; the posterior with a narrow rim. Lower jaw without barbels.
Head naked; the skin loose and somewhat wrinkled, with a number of elevated mucous pores nearly as large as the nostrils; 1 on each side, above and before the eyes; 1 on the posterior part of interorbital space; 2 behind each eye, and a row of 4, the uppermost of which is largest, along the posterior edge of preopercle.
Seales large above, very small on belly; ctenoid growing smooth on anterior and on ventral parts. Nape with a naked space, the scales extending forward in 3 pointed areas, the median of which is short and narrow; the lateral areas wider, extending farther forward and bordering upper edge of opercle.
Dorsal fins separate, their bases short. Spinous dorsal greatly ele- vated; the spines slender and filamentous at tips; the second longest, its height 3 in length; the third a little longer than the first; the last about a third as long as the second. Soft dorsal high, the posterior ‘ays longest; when depressed, the tip of fin just reaches bases of first caudal rays. Anal not so high as dorsal; the last ray inserted directly below that of dorsal; the fin, when depressed, falling far short of base of caudal. Caudal rounded posteriorly. Pectorals almost reaching a vertical through vent. Ventrals short, free from body posteriorly.
Color in alcohol, light brown; the tint not being uniform, but darker near the center of each scale; sides with four or five very indistinct large dark blotches. Fins a little darker than body, upper anterior edge of soft dorsal white; soft dorsal, anal, and caudal bordered with white, especially in the adult.
This description is of a male specimen collected at Tsushima by P. L. Jouy. Many other male specimens are like the one described. Others are somewhat lighter in color. There is some variation in the length of the fin rays.
Females have a shorter snout and smaller mouth; much lower and shorter fins, with the white borders narrow and indistinct. The females have 2 or 3 rows of small dark brown spots, 1 spot on each scale of upper part of body, and a very narrow lateral band of the same color, more distinct posteriorly, extending along the sides.
Specimens collected in Ishikawa Province by Prof. K. Kishinouye are very light in color, with darker spots on the sides; the spots absent
58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
in some individuals. The fins are dark, having small brown spots arranged in lines. The occiput has a few small brown spots.
Several hundred specimens collected by us in Lake Biwa, at Matsu- bara, are light colored, with five or six large, dark, lateral spots. The dorsal, anal, and caudal fins have light borders. The white edgings of the dorsal are especially conspicuous in the larger specimens.
Fresh waters of Japan, from above Tokyo southward, everywhere very common; excessively abundant in Lake Biwa. It is one of the smallest gobies, being mature at 2 to 4 inches. Our specimens are from Ishikawa-ken, Lake Biwa, Tsushima, Nagasaki, Kurume, Kaga, Kana R., Kawatana, and Lyo.
(S/milis, similar to Ctenogobius pflaun?.)
Measurements of Ctenogobius similis.
enptihanimillimeters ences coseseeee eee 75 | 73) 69]|.70} 69] 66) 60} 60) 541] 60 Depth expressed in hundredths of length | 18 | 17 | 21 20), 29.) 2001) 209), Si) Seats Depth of caudal peduncle ............-.-- 14} 13 ode) da |) ta a8 3] 13 | 13 Beng thvoihea dhe tcas. see nae aas eee 30 || oll 3) 322, dl | 32] 28 28. |° 28 | 29 Lenoth OF SNOUte see cance case eeeeeer DS Ye besa ga Co es Wl PSUS Sel bah a Raa We MAO ese iaLa Lats Width of interorbital space..............- 22 22 23} 2 2, 22 2, 2 2 |/4e2= Diameter/or Orbitiss) 52-35-55 24ee see 54 6 Ooo bi 56 6 7 6| 63] 6 Distance from snout to spinous dorsal ....| 42 | 41 | 44) 43 43 | 423) 40 39 | 40 | 42 Distance from snout to soft dorsal ......-. 61 | 61} 62) 62) 613) 63) 62) 61) G61 | 62 Height of longest dorsal spines......-.--- 23) || 295 270) 3308245) 22896 sro AS eG als Height of longest dorsal rays......-..-.--- 25 |) (200)! 2b) 24N 205) 200 alse Gals aaa aii Distance from snout to anal fin....-.-.... 65 | 64] 66] 66] 65) 66] 66] 66) 65] 65 Height of longest anal rays............-..- 17 15 16 | Alb 5s) Losi Gn taal Length of caudal peduncle....-.......... 24 | 243) 24) 23] 24) 243) 25) 23] 24 | 24 Mens thionedwd alatineses eee eee eee eee 265)|\ 263)" 2671, *26%)| 925) ||) S260) 224s Ses) eae eo Length ompectoralsnni poe sheen" esaee eee 2b} 28) 24. 246) 23) 230), 26" leno: eee eG henetholyenuraletimvestcs.- => -eseeee eee by |) alae 133) TS TOO aaa ble ela eal Number /of:dorsal spimes-....-..:--2.--.-- 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6. 6 Num berof-dorsallmsivs!. =. sso eee ee ssaee ae 9] 10 9 9 9 9 9 i) 9}. 9 Numberioteanalinaystescs: -sseseeaere ees 9 | 10 9 9) 9 9 9 9 9| 9 Number of pectoral rays....-...........-- 19} 19} 19] 19] 19] 19] 20] 19} 19 |} 20 Number of scales in lateral series.......-. 3 3 30 |) 31 29)| 29°) 28°) 32) | S1\933 Number of scales in transverse series. .... 11 11 11 11 10°) DE) LOW) eat ON) SO Locality, Tsuschima.
13. CTENOGOBIUS GYMNAUCHEN (Bleeker). Gobius gymnauchen BLEEKER, Act. Soe. Sci. Indo-Nederl., Japan, VI, p. 84, pl. 1, fig. 2, Tokyo.—Gitnrner, Cat. Fish., III, 1861, p. 48 (after Bleeker). Acentrogobius gymnauchen JORDAN and SnypxErR, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 372, Tokyo.
Head 33 in length; depth 6; depth of caudal peduncle 24 in head; eye 44; snout 44; maxillary 34; D. VI-10; A. 10; P.,.16; scales in lateral series 26, in transverse series 7.
Body elongate; head about as deep as body, somewhat broader; eyes rather large, high up, directed laterally or somewhat obliquely; interorbital space narrow, slightly convex. Snout rather sharp, its upper outline more oblique than that of C. pflaum?. Lower jaw slightly projecting. Mouth oblique. Maxillary concealed throughout, extending to a vertical through anterior edge of pupil. Teeth simple, in narrow bands on both jaws, outer row enlarged, the most posterior large tooth on each side of lower jaw strongly curved backward. Gill opening not extending far forward; isthmus broad, its width about
'
-
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 59
equal to length of snout. No papille on inner edge of shoulder girdle. Pseudobranchie large. Gill-rakers on first arch 3 + 9; slender.
Head naked; no barbels; a triangular naked space extending back- ward from occiput to insertion of dorsal; body elsewhere covered with large, finely ctenoid scales.
Dorsals separate; spines with filaments, the first and second very long and slender. Anal fin inserted below second dorsal ray, reaching posteriorly as far as the dorsal, both touching base of caudal. Pec- torals and caudal rather pointed. Ventrals large, free posteriorly.
Color in spirits, light olive; throat with a narrow, longitudinal dark spot; sides of head and upper parts of body with dark spots, those near middle of sides arranged in an indefinite undulating line. Spi- nous dorsal with a wide, black edge; below this a broad band of pearly
FIG. 6.—CTENOGOBIUS GYMNAUCHEN.
white; basal half of fin with 3 rows of oval, dusky, or black spots; soft dorsal similarly colored. Caudal with small, dusky, oval spots on interradial membranes, except on lower parts of fin. Anal broadly edged with dusky. Pectorals dusky at base, the dark color fading out toward the edge. Ventrals streaked longitudinally with black. Described from a specimen from Enoshima.
Some individuals are much lighter in color. They have a more or less conspicuous dark blotch at base of caudal, and occasionally a row of 4 or 5 poorly defined small spots along the sides.
This small prettily colored goby is rather common in Japan, living chiefly in the estuaries about and under muddy rocks. Our numerous specimens are from Misaki, Wakanoura, Nagasaki, Tokyo Bay, T’su- ruga, and Enoshima.
(yumros, naked; avynv, nape.)
60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
Measurements of Clenogobius gymnauchen.
(eeme-tla imal Gers a ere lapete lente ree email 57 50 46 52 | 43 Depth expressed in hundredths of length..-..--. 14] 43s) 17 16 | 16 Depth of caudal peduncle. ..--...----7.----=-5-- 9} 8 8 8 + Menpiarot Megdesseas ce: cee Hee eee aerate 26 263} 263} 27) 28 ene Tho MOU hes acerca sere eee 7 6% 64 7 4 Ihenethonim asa) any ener sesame ane eee eee + oF 9 93) 9 5 WidthiorinterorbitalispacCess.s- seers =-- eee FY 4 i 1 PS Diametenok OLDits. cesses eee ee 63 64 re 7 if Distance from snout to spinous dor: 34 33 36 34 | 36 Distance from snout to soft dorsal.........-.----- 53 | 54 54. 51 | 56 Height of longest dorsal spinesa@....------------ BYpal) Al 23 33 | 14 Height of longest dorsal rays. ......------------- 27 eed PIN 258 eal Distance from snout to anal fin .-.......-...-... 55 | 563} 54] 55] 57 Height of longest anal rays ..--..--.-.....------ PW trea thes irl 23; 4 Hengthiol caudal peduncle. .-=) sone. -2--s-eeeaee 19| 21 22 22 | 20 ene tinotcsud alutine ss sees eee eee eae 28a eo 28 27| 26 Meneth or pectoral fines eases scorer ee eee ABN 5) 22 | 24) 28 LITMAN OM OMG Hoo So doessooogenesooHoaoodc Ayal yy = 45) 24; 25) 25 NimiberofidorsallispimeSse.c: acetal inierat 6 | 6 6 | 6 6 IN berOrdorsalllinsyS ses seer ee seer 10 | 10 10), LO) | ele INHOIM os) POM MWR YS socaasaseyconecaosooqcSHaees 105) £0 10 10 | 10 Nimmber of pectoral raiys's ese sa seeele =o 16 16 16 ie) al Number of seales in lateral series ..........----- 23 24 26 pay. ee 27/ Number of scales in transverse series .......---- 6 6 6 6 7
Locality, Tokyo. | = = | alIncluding filaments.
14. CTENOGOBIUS HADROPTERUS Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 34 in length; depth 43; depth of caudal peduncle 23 in head; eye 4; snout 22; maxillary 22; D. VI-9; A. 9; P. 19; scales in lateral series 28; in transverse series 9.
Body robust, a little deeper than wide. Snout long and sharp. Kye high in head, the upper margin projecting above contour of head,
Fic. 7.—CTENOGOBIUS HADROPTERUS.
directed obliquely, situated at a point halfway between tip of snout and posterior edge of opercle. Interorbital space narrow, concave. Nostrils minute, the anterior with a distinct tube. Mouth moderate, somewhat oblique. Jaws subequal, the lower slightly shorter; upper lip very wide; maxillary entirely concealed, not quite reaching a ver- tical through anterior edge of orbit. Tongue broad, the tip truncate. Teeth of jaws in 2 series, outer ones in a single row, small, canine- like, not firmly attached; second series in upper jaw very minute, in lower jaw a little smaller than the anterior ones; no large canines. Gill opening extending upward to edge of base of pectoral; width of isth- mus about equal to length of snout. No papille on inner edge of shoulder girdle. Gill-rakers small, 2 -+ 8 on firstarch. No barbels on lower jaw.
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 61
Head, except occiput, naked; scales on occiput cycloid; those on body ctenoid, large and very regular; 5 lateral series on caudal peduncle; scales on breast anterior to the ventrals small, concealed in the thick epidermis.
Dorsal fins well separated, short; height of longest dorsal spine about equal to postorbital part of head; depressed spines not reaching the rays; dorsal rays a little longer than the spines; anal inserted below base of second or third ray of soft dorsal; rays equal in height to those of dorsal; both fins when depressed extending an equal distance posteriorly, their tips separated from bases of caudal rays a distance equal to length of snout. Caudal rounded, almost truncate. Pectoral acutely rounded, extending to a vertical through vent; upper rays without filamentous appendages. Ventrals long, not reaching vent, free posteriorly.
Color in spirits, pale olive gray; the sides with 6 conspicuous brown- ish black spots, the first and smallest at angle of opercle, the last at base of caudal; each spot, except the first and last, is connected with the one on the opposite side by 2 tolerably well-defined dark bands passing over the back; a narrow dusky band extending forward from eye parallel with dorsal outline of snout; cheek with wavy, oblique bars; occipital region with small, closely crowded blotches. Dorsal fins with dusky spots arranged in longitudinal rows; 3 rows on the first and 4 on the second fin, the outer row being very indistinct. Anal slightly tinged with dusky posteriorly. Caudal witha few very indistinct vertical wavy bands. Pectoral with a trace of dusky. Ven- trals dark, the color in lines parallel with the rays.
Type No. 6449, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. Local- ity, Nagasaki, Hizen.
Some of the cotypes are a little lighter in color.
We also have specimens from Kurume, Tsuruga, and Kawatana.
(Hadropterus, a genus of Etheostomine perch of similar habit; ad pos, strong; 77€por, fin.)
Measurements of Ctenogobius hadropterus.
Menge th im MAILiMeters’: 25 ssccce ceri dne ee 47 | 45 | 44| 46] 48 41 42 {1 AQ pce Depth expressed in hundredths of length.| 21} 22} 21] 21] 23] 21] 21} 20] 21 | 20 Depth of caudal peduncle ...........-.-.. 11 12) 2 | 2 A! 1 oO MeN Sun OMNCAM ites nossa se wees caee tees 30 30 28 30 30 30 30 30 29 | 30 BenepmovsnOwlcs. aia =.cce se eeiee see alsiesie 2 123) 12 11 12 12 11 11 10 | 10 Width of interorbital space........-...... 2 24 22 2 2 2 2 2 Zi) -2 rameter OLOLDIb =-2- 52 =~ 6s ose ee ec 7 7 7 74 qi 7h 63} 72 7) 7 Distance from snout tospinous dorsal..... 40 40 | 40; 40]; 40} 41] 40] 39 10 | 40 Distance from snout to sott dorsal 60 | 60] 60} 60] 60] 60] 59] 591] 60} 60 Height of longest dorsal spines. -.----.- 15 153) A SLs Loy Lo TB as Gi) 15 Heightof longest dorsal rays......-- LO Lee selG seal oui eel) etd 1G) a8) |) oye Distance from snout to anal fin.....-..... 60 | 61 60 |} 603) 59] 60] 60} 60] 61 | 60 Height of longest anal rays............... 14 14 14 15 14 THz 5) 15) 16 | 13 Length of caudal peduncle............... 269/26" | 22) 27a lead | etal Qh L227 128 Wencth or Caudal fimk- 2-6 ..22222 = 2.2.20. POE S200) QT OB w ee 28a QS8ale 23) | s2i 23 | 24 Wenciuh of pectoraliiine {2s < 5.52.62. sss<es QE 2B i 260 *.268 254), 254). 260) 240) 2b | 27 Meneth.or ven tralstin: -2< 3.5. 23-2 seace oe 20) LO DIS Da 20) 22) ) 720) | 21 | 23) |) 21 Number of dorsal’spines:........:.-=----. 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6| 6 Number OGdorsal rays. 2-52... ee see eae 9 9 8 a 9 9 9 9 9) 8 Nim Dberoranal rays: .s0-% ose seers cts 9 9 9 8 9 8 9 9 8| 9 Number of pectoral rays...............-.. LOE ON AGS 9 9) |) 298 19) | 20) | 19! | 19 Number of scales in lateral series......... D2Oulpe2or Pe 2or|l mee) ez |) 2oule 2a: | 1289) 28: | 28 Number of scales in transverse series. ..-.. 9 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 Se es)
62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
15. CTENOGOBIUS CAMPBELLI Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 4 in length; depth 53; depth of caudal peduncle 24 in head; eye 32; snout 33; maxillary 23; D. VI-11; A. 10; P. 18; scales in lateral series 26, in traverse series 9.
Body thickset; cylindrical anteriorly; the caudal peduncle deep. Snout short; blunt. Eye very large; the upper margin projecting slightly above dorsal contour of head; directed obliquely upward. Interorbital space narrow; concave. Mouth somewhat oblique. Max- illary entirely concealed; extending to a vertical through pupil. Lips narrow. ‘Teeth simple; in narrow bands on both jaws; outer ones somewhat enlarged; no canines. ‘Tongue narrow; truncate anteriorly. Gill openings not extending far forward; isthmus broad; its width equal to distance between tip of snout and middle of pupil. Inner edge of shoulder girdle with a sharp ridge but no papille. Gill-rakers long and rather slender. Anterior nostril with a conspicuous tube. No barbels on lower jaw.
Fic. 8.—CTENOGOBIUS CAMPBELLI.
Head naked, except on occiput. Body with large ctenoid scales; those on nape and occiput cycloid; smaller than those of body; those on breast anterior to ventrals and on region before pectorals cycloid.
Dorsals separate; spines when depressed not reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Anal inserted below base of second or third dorsal ray; reaching as far posteriorly when depressed as the dorsal; neither touch- ing base of caudal. Caudal rounded. Pectoral pointed; its upper edge without free filaments. Ventrals free posteriorly, their tips reaching anal opening.
Body with small, round, dark spots; 5 or 6 very indefinite, narrow, dark, longitudinal bands. Head with small dark spots; those on nape arranged in longitudinal rows; a sharply defined, narrow, dark band running backward from eye; opercle with 2 small brown rings. Dorsal spines and rays with small, oblong, dark spots; caudal with small, dark spots on upper two-thirds; not evident on the lower part. Anal narrowly edged with white; suffused with dusky below the white,
——
no.1244. GOBIOID. FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 63
growing fighter toward the base. Pectorals AG Peano Ratuced a oes a spot about as large as pupil on upper part of base of the former.
This species is probably closely related to C. wirgatulus or to C.
_pftaumde. It more closely resembles the former, but may be easily P : ]
distinguished from it by its much less oblique mouth and by having larger scales on the nape. In C. wirgatulus the scales of the nape are minute when compared with those of the body, while on the species in hand they are at least one-half as wide as those of the body.
The species is at present known from a single specimen 81 milli- meters long, from Wakanoura, Kii, Japan. Type No. 6450, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum.
Measurements.—Length, tip of snout to base of caudal, 65 milli- meters; depth, expressed in hundredths of length, 18; depth of caudal peduncle, 113; length of head, 255; length of snout, 63; width of interorbital oe 1; diameter of orbit, 7; distance from snout to spinous dorsal, distance fron snout to soft dorsal, 54; height of longest dorsal Bae 153, of longest dorsal rays 153; distance from snout to anal fin, 56; height of longest anal rays, 15; length of caudal peduncle 25, of caudal fin 25, of pectoral fin 26, of ventral fins 22.
This species is named for Dr. Douglas Houghton Campbell, pro- fessor of botany in Leland Stanford Junior University, in recogni-
tion of his interest in the flora of Japan and in all things Japanese.
16. CTENOGOBIUS VIRGATULUS Jordan and Snyder, new species.
Head 4 in length; depth 53; depth of caudal peduncle 10; eye 34 in head; snout 34; maxillary 3; D. VI-11; A. 11; P. 16; scales in lateral series 26, in transverse series 9.
Body elongate, the dorsal and ventral contours sloping gradually from occiput posteriorly; caudal peduncle compressed, narrowest near the middle, widening somewhat toward base of -audal; head large, deeper and broader than body. Snout blunt. Eyes prominent, though smaller than those of C. pflaumi,; directed obliquely, the upper edges projecting above dorsal contour of head; interorbital area very nar- row. Mouth oblique, lower jaw slightly projecting. Maxillary entirely concealed, extending posteriorly to anterior edge of orbit. Tongue broad at tip, with a shallow notch. Teeth of jaws in narrow bands, simple, the outer ones enlarged; those near middle on upper jaw largest; a pair of short, strong canines on each side of lower jaw, the posterior one being larger, strongly curved backward. Gill open- ings not extending far fory ard; the isthmus broad; inner edge of shoulder girdle without papille. Pseudobranchie consisting of 6 large projecting tufts. Gill-rakers on first arch about 3-+ 8; those of upper limb represented by minute elevations; those of the lower limb rather long and slender. No barbels on chin.
64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. rene
Head, except a small occipital area, naked; a large pore above and between the nostrils; 2 similar pores on interorbital area; a row of 3 running backward from the eye; sides of head with rows of minute pores. Body covered with large, weakly ctenoid scales, the rough edges of which are hidden by epidermis; scales on nape and occipital area very small.
Dorsal fins separate; spines slender, the first 5 evenly spaced; the interval between fifth and sixth twice that between two of the others; spinous dorsal, when depressed, reaching past insertion of soft dorsal. Anal inserted below second or third dorsal ray, the fin extending slightly farther posteriorly than the dorsal, neither reaching base of raudal. Caudalacutely rounded. Pectoral without filaments on upper edge. Ventrals free posteriorly, extending as far backward as do the pectorals.
Color in spirits much darker above than below, the sides with 5 nar- row, dark, longitudinal streaks; a median row of indistinct, large, dark spots, the one at base of candal being most prominent; cheeks
Fic. 9.—CTENOGOBIUS VIRGATULUS.
with 1 or 2 dark lines; opercle with a large dark blotch; scales of breast each with a subdued dusky spot. Spinous dorsal dusky, with a narrow longitudinal band, the posterior part widened, forming a distinct oval spot; soft dorsal dusky, each ray with 3 indistinct spots; audal rays with small, dusky spots arranged in vertical rows; spots on lower fourth of fin very indistinct or absent; ventrals and anal dusky; pectoral dusky, with an elongate dark spot at upper part of base and a narrow dark dash on the lower edge.
Type.—No. 6451, Leland Stanford Junior University Museum. Lo- ality, Misaki, Sagami, Japan.
Many specimens from Misaki are lighter in color than the type, a highly colored male; on the lighter one the bands and spots are much more distinct.
Individuals from Nagasaki have the color pattern in every detail, as described above, although it is much lighter and less distinct.
The species is closely related to C. pflaumi. It may be distinguished by its smaller eyes and by the absence of a long, dark blotch on chin and throat,
ms i ‘
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 65
This species is found with C boalegow us na. and equally common, in the bays and inlets of southern Japan. We have specimens from Misaki, Wakanoura, Nagasaki, Tokyo Bay, Matsushima, Onomichi, and from Semida R., near Tokyo.
( Virgatulus, finely streaked.)
Measurements of Ctenogobius virgatulus.
] | | Misaki, Sagami. Nagasaki, Hizen, | | Bensthiamimullim eters 2 4.5 sscccin ds oh caso. ese Nee 65 65 60 522) 58 50 | 50
Depth expressed in hundredths of length....-..--. 17 17 18 17 18 20} 18
Pai Ocpib ovenudal peduncle ys. 222.5 -sa ee ences sete <3 ee al0 LOD) SLO 10 12 11} 10
LL ZV REST H aT (aye a VESEY 6 Nemes ae Ste ie ea A ie a eee 25 252 263; 27 25 25 24 Mencia issmoul eee ON Na chee es i lea aisles ahve 6| 6 Menp intially o sacscios. ee ete cnet 9 10 9 9/ 931 10 9 Width of interorbital SPaCenee es =< See Coke hence Gee | : 3| 3 3 2 B i DFITTELE TO MOLD bases] seco ones oho eeee aeons 7 62) 62 7a 62 7 62 Distance from snout to spinous dorsaloas = ee eee! BD) leds” coo 30°} 33 35 30 Distance from snout to soft dorsal. ...........--..-. 54 53 52 Das tenn toe ecrleea sels Height of longest dorsal spines .............--.....| 15 3 | 8 Cy eee le eeeree | sane we Height Ordlonmzest dorsal TAYS..to 2225. cet bees Seco 5 ) (ales3 15 | 7 AR A Soe Voy re |e eee Distance from snout to anal fin ....-......-.....--. le 259 59} 5d 57 55 57 | 58 Heichtoflongest anal rays 5.22 2.2 s..0c- cess 14 20 17 Bw ee Salses sel ebeeee Length of caudal peduncle .......-........-...2-.- 20 20 19 5g pe ee (a Length of caudal fin.........--. U0, teeth t up amepad 22 O3i\) 25 BD || a5) 26.| 24 LDrevagea lay roy Gy aXc1 ey 0).¢2 OU 0 ele wee nae 22 Ws) 21 21s OF 25 | 24 | IUTesae sid ayo} AS 0119 21) Eb) ene nS 22 21 22 21) 223) 22.) 202.) Number of dorsal spines 6 6 6 6 6 G7 76
Number of dorsal rays a Number of anal ravsa...- Number of pectoral rays -.
— oe roy a i H e
co et — — pt fot eH
| Number of scales in lateral series.................- 26° Pay) 26 26 D6. | RT Number of scales in transverse series .......--..... 9 9 9 9 8 9 8
a The last dorsal and anal rays are cleft to the base.
17. CTENOGOBIUS PFLAUMI (Bleeker). Gobius pflaumi BueeKer, Verh. Bat. Gen., X XV, Japan, p. 42, figs. 3, 18, Nagasaki. Acentrogobius pflawmi JORDAN and Snyper, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 372, near Tokyo. Coll. Kishinouye.
Head 4 in length; mem 43; depth of caudal peduncle 11; eye 34 in head; length of snout 33; maxillary 23; D. VI-11; A. 11; P. 17; scales in lateral series 26, in transverse series 9.
Body elongate, the dorsal and ventral contours sloping gradually from occiput to caudal peduncle; caudal peduncle narrowest near the middle, widening somewhat toward base of caudal. Head about as deep and broad as body. Snout rather blunt, the lower jaw slightly projecting. Eyes very large, directed obliquely upward, the upper edges of orbit projecting slightly above contour of head; interorbital space narrow; concave. Mouth oblique. Maxillary entirely con- cealed, extending posteriorly to a vertical through anterior edge of orbit. Tongue broad at tip; truncate. Teeth of jaws in narrow bands; simple; the outer ones enlarged; a pair of short, strong canines on each side of lower jaw, the posterior one being larger and curved backward. Gill openings not extending far forward; the isthmus broad. Gill-rakers 2+ 8; those of the upper arch much reduced; the lower ones slender. Inner edge of shoulder girdle without papille. No barbels on chin.
Proe. N. M. vol. xxiv
66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Vou. xxrv.
Head, except occipital area, naked. A large pore above and between | the nostrils; 2 similar pores on interorbital area; a row of 3 running backward from the eye; sides of head with rows of minute pores. Body covered with large weakly ctenoid scales; those of nape and occipital area very small.
Dorsal fins separate; spines slender, the first 5 evenly spaced; the interval between fifth and sixth about double that between 2 of the others; spines when depressed reaching beyond insertion of soft dor- sal. Anal inserted below second or third dorsal ray, the fin, when depressed, extending slightly further posteriorly than the dorsal, both falling short of base of caudal. Caudal acutely rounded. Upper edge of pectoral without free filaments. Ventrals free posteriorly, extend- ing about as far backward as the pectorals.
Body olivaceous, with dark markings; head blue in life.
Seales on upper parts, with dusky margins; sides with 2 or 3 faintly outlined dark stripes; a median row of 4 or 5 indistinct dusky spots; a distinct, round, black spot about as large as eye at base of caudal; a small dark spot on lower part of opercle; branchiostegal region of throat dusky. Fins dusky, but without conspicuous markings.
Southern Japan, generally common in the bays and inlets, in salt water; here described from specimens collected at Tsuruga, Echizen. Others are in the collection from Yokohama, Wakanoura, Aomori, Matsushima, Onomichi, Kobe, Owari Bay, and from Kawatana.
This species very closely resembles Ctenogobius virgatulus. It ditfers in having much larger eyes, an oblong black blotch on branchiostegal region, and in having the general color of body much lighter.
Measurements of Ctenogobius pflaumi.
Tsuruga, Echizen. Nagasaki, Hizen. hengtheinsmilimetersse-eee-seee trees eae 56 54 S|) aS || BB 47 | 55 Depth expressed in hundredths of length..........-.- rhe) 19 Zell hills aly Gye mols Depth ohecaudalipedimGlese = eee eee a eee 9 10 10; 10 10 11-| 9 Menge th Of Cad 2sss.4: see eek eee ce eee ee eee 26 253) 25 26 27 Payoh 1223) Men sthiOl snOUWt . esas sce sabre eee ee eee 7 6 6 7 7 6 64 eM St nrOn mma aire yes cee raese eee ae ee ee 10 | ifn 10 10} 10 92 10 Witdlthior interorbitallispacesos.- S2- sane eee Pa 4 t 2} 4 a ra DigGIM Ete MOLOLDibeem anon ce Soe oe ee 8 | 78 8 82) 8 8 | (é Distance from snout to spinous dorsal.......-- soothe 35: || 34 35 34) 33 33 | 34 Distance from! snout tosotb dorsal: - 32-4222. sees eee 5b | «(52 BIA | taal 51 2 | od3 Heim omloneest dorsal spimeg 95s .e) secseseee oa 16 14 alae es aaa) © SI 14| 14 Height of longest dorsal rays...-... 1202222002210. 14 19 alee zh ly e8s) 16] 14 Distance from snout to anal fin ....... Ste 3 SAM TR ee 60 56 562 58 57 55 56 Heiphtorlongest analarayaiee ceo sae oe eee eae 142) 182)" 18 17 \ Se Oh eel er LenS th Oncaidalspeduncle 2215-22542 s eee eee ee 20 19 19 20 22 20 aun Wee iakoi Cad a) lenis S26 ee eos Se eS se ee ae 26 27 29 30: 22 32 29 Menethvot pe choral se. cee As eoep eee ee ee 25 |. 24 26 24 24 25 25 MEM thyOL Vem (nal MMs <x cr.cia eie meee seen cieoeeeeee 20 19 22 22 19 22 22 Nim DeronedorsalispiaeSe-.-\4-4-A5see8 se eso ee ee eee 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 NIN Des OL OTSE Ta .-- sacleisi, sieiceebine see meine xe 11 ity Ea saree LL Tit f ental nila ee att Number of anal raysa@ ......-..-.. Hos sent bet 10 11 11 1] 11 11 11 Numberiotpecroralimaysise amo-.caeseice one ce Doaceee eee 16 17 16 17 17 aig /ialigee— iil'Z/ Numiberonscalessin laterall/sermesis- ee -caesi coe eee 25} 25 25 26 | 26 25 26 Number of scales in transverse series .-..--.-...5--5- 8 | 9 9 8 | 8 8 | )
|
a The last dorsal and anal rays are cleft to the base.
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 67
11. ABOMA Jordan and Starks.
Aboma JorpAN and Srarks, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci., 1895, p. 497 (etheostoma).
This genus is very closely allied to Cfenogobius, ditfering chiefly in the presence of 7 or 8 dorsal spines; head naked, rounded in profile, narrow and not depressed between eyes; mouth moderate, not very oblique, the chin usually not prominent; outer teeth somewhat enlarged; tongue not notched. Scales usually large, ctenoid, some- times rather small. Dorsals and anal short; no flaps on shoulder girdle; no silk-like rays on pectoral.
Species numerous, small in size and mottled in coloration, mostly Japanese, three of them from the west coast of Mexico.
(Aboma, Spanish name of the small gobies in Mexico.)
a. Seales large, 30 to 45 in longitudinal, 9 to 12 in transverse series; breast naked.
b. Ventral fins dusky, with a bright yellow, broad median stripe; depth 4% in length; scales 36-10; coloration rather bright; caudal with zigzag bands ADOC ALTE CL © Witenes wenn eee athe ae wes Sate ene ee lactipes. 18
bb. Ventral fins plain; coloration rather obscure; caudal spotted above, plain below.
c. Seales large, 9 in transverse series; depth 5% in length; a faint caudal spot.
tsushimee. 19
cc. Seales smaller, 12 in transverse series; no caudal spot; first dorsal with a
blackicnotwithewibite before dite se. 2 352 ee as oe: | heptacantha. 20
aa. Seales small, 15 to 20 in transverse series (probably 60 to 70 in longitudinal series). .
d. Seales in cross series 15; anal rays 10 or 11; caudal translucent, with fine
HORE Se, PE che As Soh sR ee eee ESE es ie ee breunigi. 21
dd. Seales in cross series 20; anal rays 12 or 13; caudal with a median cross
Dan dialliwansEpnese mite = seenpee set oe 5 Acre A tere te urotenia. 22
18. ABOMA LACTIPES (Hilgendorf).
Gobius lactipes H1LtGENvDorF, Sitzber. Naturf. Freunde, 1878, p. 109, Tokyo; No. 10650, Mus. Berlin.
Aboma lactipes JonpAN and Snyper, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1900, p. 372, Tokyo, Tonegawa.
‘Head 3% in length; depth 4%; depth of caudal peduncle 10; eye 54 im head; snout 22; maxillary 24; D. VIII-11; A. 11; P. 18; scales in lateral series 36, in transverse series 10.
Body cylindrical anteriorly, sloping gradually to the rather deep caudal peduncle. Head large; snout long; blunt. Hyes small; situ- ated high up: nearer to tip of snout than to posterior edge of opercle a distance equal to one-half the diameter; directed almost laterally. Mouth almost horizontal; jaws equal; upper lip wide; maxillary con- cealed except at distal end; reaching a vertical passing midway between anterior edge of orbit and pupil. Teeth simple; in a narrow band on each jaw; outer ones but little enlarged. Tongue rather broad: its anterior edge truncate or slightly rounded. Gill openings restricted to the sides; width of isthmus a little less than length of snout. Inner
68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXIV.
edge of shoulder girdle with a low, narrow, sharp ridge, but no papille. Gill-rakers 1 + 7; short; flat. Anterior nostrils with low tubes. No barbels on lower jaw.
Head naked. Body with large, finely ctenoid scales; those on sides of nape small; middle of nape, breast anterior to ventrals and region before pectorals naked.
Dorsals separate; spines and rays of about equal height; the spinous dorsal when depressed reaching insertion of soft dorsal. Anal inserted below base of second dorsal ray; the rays a little shorter than those of dorsal; when depressed, reaching almost as far posteriorly as do those of dorsal; neither reaching bases of caudal rays. Caudal rounded. Pectorals rather pointed; the upper border without free filaments. Ventrals very large, extending to anal opening: free posteriorly.
In spirits the upper part of the body suffused with dusky; sides with 9 rather definite, dark vertical bands, extending from a little
Fic. 10.—ABOMA LACTIPES.
helow the middle of body upward; darker near their lower edges. Head dark; a narrow blackish line running from eye to tip of maxil- lary; under parts without dusky, except on throat and chin. Spinous dorsal edged with white; interradial membranes dusky; jet black on upper posterior part of fin; soft dorsal with small, oblong, dark spots arranged in rows. Upper two-thirds of caudal with vertical, zigzag bands; the lower third dusky; without bands. Anal dark; narrowly bordered with white; pectoral dusky. Ventral with a white, median area broadly bordered with black.
Color in life, lemon yellow; middle area of ventrals bright yellow, slightly tinged with orange; spinous dorsal edged with orange; anal with a narrow marginal band of dead white.
The above description is of a specimen from the bay at Tsuruga. Other individuals from the same locality are like it except in color. In some the lateral bands are very indistinct, the sides being covered with small dusky spots. Others are much lighter, the general color-
oe
no.1244. GOBIOID FISHES OF JAPAN—JORDAN AND SNYDER. 69
pattern being presery ved howev er. A large male specimen has a
series of narrow, bright, transverse lateral bands on the sides. The soft dorsal is distinctly edged with white. Occasionally in males the
anterior spines of the first dorsal have very long filaments extending above the margin of the fin.
The species is generally common in n the bays of Hondo. Our many specimens are from Matsushima, Aomori, Tokyo, Tsuruga, Enoshima, and the Tone River, near Tokyo.
(Lac, lactis, milk: pes, foot.)
Measurements of Aboma lactipes.
SMS eM NE FEES 2c tease sito oe sa eee eitas Noe ee ee oece ss 72 72 66 56 | “48 Depth expressed in hundredths of length .............-..-..---. ia 22 22 223) 21 21 Depihlorenudeal peduncle: 2142225 8s. sosace access Pes aoe ee elses 1 103 10 gi 10} 10 iLyeanvec ilo) Contd aVeY: KG [earn aoe ae ee eS a a pe eee Se ee ee ane core i SBA 27 26 O72! © 28 AAMC COMSO OMe ogee ce ei See eens So eae ee eR Ske ae ll 10 10 10 AUS ati Wadthrorunterorbital SpaGGss. 5.222 tesa cate ee een ag seeens 2 23 2 2 2 DIATHECEM OMOLDIGesce a ae Ce eset ee eee cme setae samen oe 52 52 5 5 6 Mistarncelinomisnout tospinous dorsal .- 3322 < meee sce te-e- = 34 3+ 34 35 | 36 DishimceurOnisnoOuULto Slo Gdorsale .. se cesec 2s one ses 2 oe ols oe oe 56 55 5d Bay) byl HeioiiGomoneest Gorsalispime: 2.2. Ses. ongas- Saiinien- ane sei i) 6 15 15 Tay | al} Height of longest dorsal rays .....-. aise ob EM A ce a eR eal 15}. 16 153! 16 DISTANCE LOMSN Olt coy aMel fn 5s meee ese eeee tae ae see e oe | 56 57 60 5S | 59 Heche oflongest anal rays... 2.2.2 esse Lee eee aero 15} 14 13 14] 16 hen eth Omen aly pedum cles 250 eter yee ase as caowe lam Socecs eaoD), eo 22 DIF 23 earn cite sae Gen Vela ope ee eee me eee te See sent ee Se 24 24 25 WAN) 5) MENS TDLOn PCClLOTA leis ase anes see sea cease ene essa ahs oe 22 23 23 24) 25 FESO ONOMVeNUNe fim = rn kas 5. Seca Seccemncereteee mamas ade oeee 24 25 22 2ie|| 25 NIM DAM Oia OTSHIIS DIMES ose Ne Nec on te yee nme Alas 8 8 8 8 8 Mina IRO Ue COLSHIUOT NYG of oe oe os Saat’ ance ee eee oa so Seldwe asim Heyy ee 12 11 12) 11 NATHAN Ol4sl AUT DYS Hoc ces oom eee ome eee sss te aac eee ee 11 11 10 11 11 PNUD eEr OMPCCLOTAl TA YS 02 -\-[ise oi cos wee de |S oe eee ae ee 18 18 18 18 | .18 Pumiber of scalesim lateral series:..<.. 2. 22sec: ond 0 oo. donee 8a 37 30 BON OD | Number of scales in transverse series . 2. 2..-.22.-2522222e000--5- | 10 10 9 Oa 9 Locality, Tsuruga, | | |
19. ABOMA TSUSHIM£Z Jordan and Snyder.
Aboma tsushine JorDAN and Snyper, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XITI, 1901, p. 759, Sasuna, Tsushima, Japan.
Head 33 in length; depth 53; depth of caudal peduncle 2% in head; eye 4; snout 33; maxillary 23; D. VIII-12; A. 11; P. 17; scales in lateral series 33, in transverse series 9.
Body not notably elongate; gradually diminishing in size from the region of pectoral fins backward. Head as wide as body, but less deep. Snout very blunt; rounded when viewed from above; truncate when seen from the side.
Eves high in head; directed obliquely upward; interorbital space very narrow. Jaws subequal, the lower slightly included. Mouth ‘ather small; the cleft somewhat oblique. Lips large. Maxillary, except the tip of the distal end, concealed; extending to a vertical through anterior edge of